Observed Frequency (E-O)2/E

Brand Expected Freq. x2

Ranker 1 Ranker 2 Ranker 1 Ranker 2
Brand A 1.00 2.00 1.50 0.1667 0.1667 0.3334
Brand B 2.00 5.00 3.50 0.6429 0.6429 1.2858
Brand C 3.00 4.00 3.50 0.0714 0.0714 0.1428
Brand D 4.00 1.00 2.50 0.9000 0.9000 1.8000
Brand E 5.00 6.00 5.50 0.0455 0.0455 0.0910
Brand F 6.50 3.00 4.75 0.6447 0.6447 1.2894
Brand G 6.50 7.50 7.00 0.0357 0.0357 0.0714
Brand H 8.00 10.00 9.00 0.1111 0.1111 0.2222
Brand I 9.00 9.00 9.00 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Brand J 10.00 12.00 11.00 0.0909 0.0909 0.1818
Brand K 11.50 7.50 9.50 0.4211 0.4211 0.8422
Brand L 11.50 11.00 11.25 0.0056 0.0056 0.0112
6.2712

df = 11.00
α= 0.05

Ho = O=E There are no observed differences on the ranking of the 12 chocolate bars made by the rankers to its ex
H1 = O≠E There are significant differences on the ranking of the 12 chocolate bars made by the rankers to its expe
Reject Ho if x >= 19.675
2

Since x2 = 6.2712
6.2712 < 19.675; Accept H0 = There are no observed differences on the ranking of the 12 chocolate bars made by the rankers t
made by the rankers to its expected rankings
ade by the rankers to its expected rankings

e bars made by the rankers to its expected rankings

 Observed Frequency
Brand
Ranker 1 Ranker 2
Brand A 1.00 2.00 3.00 1.5 1.5
Brand B 2.00 5.00 7.00 3.5 3.5
Brand C 3.00 4.00 7.00 3.5 3.5
Brand D 4.00 1.00 5.00 2.5 2.5
Brand E 5.00 6.00 11.00 5.5 5.5
Brand F 6.50 3.00 9.50 4.75 4.75
Brand G 6.50 7.50 14.00 7 7
Brand H 8.00 10.00 18.00 9 9
Brand I 9.00 9.00 18.00 9 9
Brand J 10.00 12.00 22.00 11 11
Brand K 11.50 7.50 19.00 9.5 9.5
Brand L 11.50 11.00 22.50 11.25 11.25
78.00 78.00 156.00