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1. A(n) __________ refers to the determination of the nature of an illness, while a(n) __________ refers to the
procedure used to gather information necessary to identify the illness.
A) examination; investigation
B) assessment; diagnosis
C) medical examination; clinical interview
D) diagnosis; assessment
E) diagnostic system; classification system
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 03-1-01
Page-Reference: 50
Skill: Factual
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 03-1-02
Page-Reference: 50
Skill: Conceptual
3. Jennifer complains about a sore throat, aching muscles, lack of energy, and occasional dizziness. These ___
may help her doctor determine what is wrong with her.
A) symptoms
B) hallucinations
C) signs
D) problems
E) behaviours
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 03-1-03
Page-Reference: 50
Skill: Application
Answer: A) symptoms
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 03-1-04
Page-Reference: 51
Skill: Conceptual
Answer: E) identify whether social, biological or psychological factors are important in understanding and treating the
disorder
5. Why has it been so difficult to develop the ideal system for classifying mental disorders?
A) treatments tend to be different for different disorders.
B) clinical psychologists tend not to use diagnostic systems for classification purposes.
C) it was easier to conduct scientific research in the past than it is now.
D) it is difficult to determine which aspects of behaviour are most important.
E) psychologists find it difficult to conduct structured interviews with patients.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 03-1-05
Page-Reference: 50
Skill: Conceptual
6. A __________ diagnostic system is one that measures what it is supposed to measure, while a ____ diagnostic
system results in the same result each time.
A) reliable; valid
B) predictive; sensitive
C) categorical; dimensional
D) sensitive; valid
E) valid; reliable
Difficulty: 1
QuestionID: 03-1-06
Page-Reference: 51
Skill: Factual
7. Mr. and Mrs. Davidson took their son to a psychologist who diagnosed him as having conduct disorder. They
decided to get a second opinion from another psychologist and were told their son was just going through a
normal phase. This example reflects a problem of
A) lack of reliability.
B) categorical classification.
C) misinterpreting symptoms.
D) dimensional classification.
E) lack of validity.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 03-1-07
Page-Reference: 51
Skill: Application
8. Two clinicians independently come up with the same diagnosis when examining a patient. This would
demonstrate:
A) concurrent validity but not necessarily reliability
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3-2
Test Item File to accompany Abnormal Psychology: Perspectives, 6e
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 03-1-08
Page-Reference: 51
Skill: Application
9. The study in which Beck et al. (1962) examined the reliability of psychiatrists' diagnoses using the DSM-I
indicated that
A) the validity of the study itself was quite low
B) most of the time, the psychiatrists agreed on diagnoses
C) inter-rater agreement was quite high for some disorders and lower for others
D) inter-rater agreement was lower than expected
E) it is pointless to have more than one psychiatrist examine the same patient
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 03-1-09
Page-Reference: 51
Skill: Factual
10. What was the most significant reason why the psychiatrists in the Beck et al. (1962) study found it difficult to
agree?
A) Some psychiatrists were better at their job than were others.
B) The patient did not give the same report to each psychiatrist.
C) Each psychiatrist diagnosed patients according to their own particular theories.
D) Different techniques were used to determine the diagnosis.
E) The diagnostic system did not adequately specify the signs and symptoms for the disorder(s).
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 03-1-10
Page-Reference: 51
Skill: Factual
Answer: E) The diagnostic system did not adequately specify the signs and symptoms for the disorder(s).
11. Which of the following scenarios is most similar to the concept of reliability in making a diagnosis?
A) You meet a guy at a party who appears to be a very shy person, but it turns out that once you get to know him, he's
really talkative.
B) You and your brother talk to several people and decide to take a trip to Florida.
C) Based on your brother's expensive and elaborate wardrobe, your friend concludes that he must be a little egocentric.
D) Your brother is feeling quite ill, so you take his temperature and decide he has the flu.
E) You and your brother go see the same movie with different people and both you and your brother think it had fantastic
fight scenes.
Difficulty: 2
QuestionID: 03-1-11
Page-Reference: 51
Skill: Conceptual
"Hiirakkoni?"
Mies ja vaimo.
"Kovemmin!"
"Jehan de Bault."
"Sanele se markkinajuttusi."
"Niin."
"Talo metsässä."
"Muistatko isääsi?"
"En."
"Äitiäsi?"
"En tiedä."
"En tiedä."
"Kuinka kauvan olit sen miehen mukana, jolta sinut otin?"
"En tiedä."
"Se on oikein! Itke nyt!" ärisi mies tylysti. "Jumalan kiitos, tässä
sentään tulee illallinen. Ja sitte me jatkamme matkaa Vernoniin. Tiet
ovat uurtuisia, ja silloin sinulla on muutakin tehtävää kuin vesistellä."
Kaksiovinen talo.
"Kenen olet?"
Hänet lukittiin taloon aina kun Notredame läksi ulos, ja tällä tavoin
hän vietti monia yksinäisiä ja kaameita hetkiä. Nämä johtivat hänet
kuitenkin lopulta erääseen keksintöön. Kerran joulukuun puolivälissä,
kun hän tutkiskeli paikkoja tähdistälukijan poissaollessa, hän löysi
erään oven. Sanoin "löysi"; se nimittäin ei kyllä ollut mikään salaovi,
mutta pieni ja vaikeasti keksittävissä, sijaiten alemmista ylempiin
kamareihin johtavien pikku portaitten päässä olevan suoran, kaidan
käytävän sivussa. Ensin hän luuli sitä lukituksi, mutta pelkästä
uteliaisuudesta tarkastaessaan sitä lähemmin hän havaitsi
laudoituksen syvennyksessä säpin kahvan. Hän painoi tätä, ja ovi
myötäsi hiukan.
Sillä kertaa poika säikähti. Hän huomasi komeron pimeäksi, veti
oven jälleen kiinni ja läksi pois uteliaisuuttansa tyydyttämättä. Mutta
vähän ajan kuluttua pääsi hänen pelostaan voitolle halu tietää, mitä
oli oven takana. Hän palasi talituikku kädessä, painoi säppiä
uudestaan, työnsi oven auki ja astui sisälle pamppailevin sydämin.
Ylempi holviovi.