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MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following is the number of years a dental hygiene curriculum has been in
existence?
a. 25
b. 50
c. 75
d. 100
ANS: D
Dr. Alfred Fones started the Fones School of Dental Hygiene in Bridgeport, Connecticut, in
1913. Dr. Fones developed a curriculum for dental hygienists who began work within the
Bridgeport Public School system.
2. Which of the following represents the correct rank order, starting with the lowest advanced
degree that a dental hygienist working in public health may attain?
a. Master’s degree, Associate’s degree or certificate, Doctorate degree, Bachelor’s
degree
b. Associate’s degree or certificate, Master’s degree, Bachelor’s degree, Doctorate
degree
c. Associate’s degree or certificate, Bachelor’s degree, Master’s degree, Doctorate
degree
d. Bachelor’s degree, Associate’s degree or certificate, Master’s degree, Doctorate
degree
ANS: C
In the public health field, some dental hygienists have an Associate’s degree or certificate, a
Bachelor’s degree, a Master’s degree, a Doctorate degree. Many dental hygienists with
advanced degrees working in public health began their public health careers with the
minimum level of education. They chose to continue their education as their interests
developed, their challenges expanded, and their desire grew to do more for the oral health of
their community.
3. In private practice, the individual patient is your focus; in public health, your patient is which
of the following?
a. Legislature
b. Community
c. Colleague
d. Department of Social Services
4. According to a national report (Oral Health in America), the Surgeon General revealed which
of the following type of disparity among specific groups in oral health status and access to
dental care?
a. Negligible
b. Slight
c. Moderate
d. Profound
ANS: D
There are profound disparities among specific groups in oral health status and access to dental
care in the United States. Federal agencies and state governments are addressing these gaps in
access to oral health care through legislation and policy development.
5. At the 2009 Access to Dental Care Summit, the American Dental Association (ADA) listed
which of the following along with nationwide evaluation, standards, and regulations as a
long-term strategy for improving access to dental care for underserved populations?
a. Expansion and distribution of a well-trained workforce
b. Construction of a network of community centers similar to the VA’shospitals
c. Fluoridation of salt
d. Expansion in both the number and size of existing dental schools
ANS: A
The ADA listed an expansion and distribution of a well-trained workforce as a long-term
strategy in improving access to dental care for underserved populations. Under this heading,
midlevel providers in dentistry were discussed, and models are being developed and reviewed.
6. One of the guiding principles for creating access to oral health care through legislation and
policy development is to encourage which of the following?
a. Restriction of funding for dental services
b. Increasing the scope of dental hygienists’ duties
c. Compliance with repayment of educational loans
d. Elimination of dental benefits through existing public insurance programs
ANS: B
Increasing the scope of dental hygienists’ duties, allocating additional funds for dental
services, extending educational loans and loan forgiveness for dental professionals, and
additional dental benefits through existing public insurance programs are all facets of the
guiding principles for creating access to health care through legislation and policy
development.
7. Public health settings are categorized as which of the following types of practice settings?
a. Expanded
b. Modified
c. Alternative
d. Distributive
ANS: C
Public health settings are categorized as alternative practice settings. Examples of this type of
setting are a community clinic, a mobile van, a school, a hospital, and a nursing home. Dental
hygienists can provide preventive services in these settings, reaching large numbers of people
who might not otherwise receive care.
9. Which of the following is one solution to the access to care problem adopted by many states?
a. Opened new dental hygiene programs
b. Increased funding to construct new community treatment facilities
c. Changed restrictive dental practice acts
d. Supported the development of new mass transit systems
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THE WAY OF THE WHITE SOULS
(To the Memory of Joyce Kilmer, killed in action, July 30, 1918)
I stood in the summer night, when the hosts of heaven seemed nigh,
And I saw the powdery swirl of stars, where it swept across the sky,
The wide way of the white stars, where it ran up and down,
And my heart was sad for the man who said It was Main Street,
Heaventown.
He knelt down with his fellows, in the warm faith of the throng;
He went forth with his fellows to fight a monstrous Wrong;
He marched away to the true tune that the hearts of brave men beat,
Shoulder to brown shoulder, with the men in the Main Street.
A road runs bright through the night of Time, since ever the world
began,
The wide Way of the White Souls, the Main Street of Man,
The sky-road of the star-souls, beyond all wars and scars;
And there the singing soul of him goes on with the marching stars.
So, as I stand in the summer night, when the hosts of heaven seem
nigh,
And look at the powdery swirl of stars, where it sweeps across the
sky,
The wide way of the white stars, where it runs up and down,
My heart shall be glad for the friend who said It was Main Street,
Heaventown.
RESPITE
Pink-purple foxgloves
Leaning to the breeze—
And all the sweet of Devon
Sweeps back across the seas:
From the old kind books came the old friends trooping,
And the old songs called, like the curlew swooping;
And like a sudden sup that was hot and strong and sweet,
The love of bonny Scotland, it ran from head to feet.
What far-away workman made her, and what was his meaning?
Was she a Victory? or Hope, or Faith?
O flag, though you were not my own, I know I should love you:
I love all flowers, all flags:
Their colors in the wind flowing, in the sun brightening:
Deep blue of the night sky, or the splendor of flame,
Or green of spring, or the daring imperious scarlet,
The color of men’s blood:
Their curious blazonry I love, heraldic, historic,
Leopard or eagle, stripe or star or raying sun,
Or the Cross of St. George and the Cross of St. Andrew,
Or whatsoever sign men have loved and followed.