25-02-2021 1

A rectifier equipment operates better if it is

supplied from a larger number of phases. This
improves the efficiency of conversion and results
in a smoother dc waveform. Six-phase is, therefore
preferable to 3-phase for rectification.

Transformers, for three to six phase conversion are

widely used for this purpose and many a time 3 to
12 or even 24 phases is used for improving the
performance of the rectifier equipment. However
12 phase and 24 phase units are more complex and
costlier than 6 phase units.
25-02-2021 2
Six-phase supply can be obtained from three phase source
by using either three identical single phase transformers
each having one primary winding and two identical
secondary windings or a three-phase transformer each
having primary winding and two identical secondary
windings. The primary winding can be connected either in
star or in delta.
The methods of three to six phase conversion are known
by the type of secondary connections employed and a few
of them are:
Double-star
Six-phase star
Double delta
Diametral
Mesh
25-02-2021 or ring 3
The three phase balanced a.c supply is given to primaries of the
three transformers and six phase output can be obtained from the six
secondaries as shown.

25-02-2021 4
Set under test:
Three nos. single phase transformer
each of 50 Hz, 1-phase, 1 kVA,
220/110 V (Divided in two equal
halves)

25-02-2021 5
OBJECT OF THE EXPERIMENT
1. Six-phase connections of transformers (Delta/Double Star,
Delta/Double Delta) to obtain six-phase supply from three-
phase source
2. Zig-zag connection of transformers (Delta/Zigzag) to obtain
three-phase supply suitable for unbalanced loads by
interconnecting different phases.

APPARATUS REQUIRED

1. A.C. VOLTMETER (MIV)

2. SIX-PHASE RESISTIVE LOAD

25-02-2021 6
 V = V1 + V2 V = V1 - V2
A.C. POLARITY TEST
+

V1 V2

Primary Winding Secondary Winding

When V = V1 + V2 , a2 is (+) and a1 is (-)

25-02-2021
When V = V1 - V2 , a2 is (-) and a1 is (+) 7
 Transformer terminals

SUPPLY

COM 600V 300V 150V

25-02-2021 8
EXPERIMENT DESK
 POLARITY TEST RESULTS

+ - - + - +

+ - + - - +

+ - + - + -

a1 b1 c1 a2 b2 c2 a3 b3 c3 a4 b4 c4
A1 B1 C1 A2 B2 C2
+ + + - - - - - - + + + - - - + + +
25-02-2021 9
THE LABORATORY SET-UPS

Transformers under test:

Transformer #1 Transformer #2 Transformer #3

Three single phase transformers

25-02-2021 10
A.C. SUPPLY SOURCE

25-02-2021 11
Transformer windings and terminal markings

A1 A2
+ -
B1 B2
+ -
C1 + - C2

a1 - + a2 a3 - + a4

b2 + - b1 b3 - + b4
c2 + - c1 c4 + - c3
25-02-2021 12
 A1 B1 C1 A2 B2 C2

+ + + - - -
C1 A2

C A

C2
A1
B1 B B2

PRIMARY (DELTA CONNECTION)

25-02-2021 13
(A) DELTA-DOUBLE STAR a1 b1 c1 a2 b2 c2 a3 b3 c3 a4 b4 c4
(Neutrals not connected)
- - - + + + - - - + + +

4 5
a4 c1
1
4
n(+) n’ (-) b4
3 6
b1 (a2,b2,c2) (a3,b3,c3)
6
c4 3
a1
2 1

n 2 n’
5
SECONDARY (DOUBLE STAR CONNECTION)
Neutrals not connected SECONDARY WINDINGS
Neutrals not connected

25-02-2021 14
(A) DELTA-DOUBLE STAR a1 b1 c1 a2 b2 c2 a3 b3 c3 a4 b4 c4
(Neutrals not connected)
- - - + + + - - - + + +
C1 A2
4 5
a4 c1

n(+) n’ (-)
3 6
V b1 (a2,b2,c2) (a3,b3,c3) b4

c4 a1
C2 2 1
For 220 V/110 V
A1 transformer
SECONDARY
B1 PRIMARY B2
V1n = V3n = V5n = V2n’ = V4n’ = V6n’ = V
For 1:1 turns ratio, and two
secondaries having same number of V12 = V23 = V34 = V45 = V56 = V61 = 0
turns, V14 = V25 = V36 = 0

25-02-2021
V13 = V51 = V35 = V24 = V46 = V62 = 3 V15
 LABORATORY SET UP: MAIN SWITCH

SWITCH IN ‘ON’ POSITION

SWITCH IN ‘OFF’ POSITION

25-02-2021 16
 SWITCH FUSE UNIT
SWITCH FUSE UNIT

25-02-2021 FUSE 17
 TRANSFORMER TERMINALS

SUPPLY

EXPERIMENT DESK
25-02-2021 18
MEASURING INSTRUMENT USED

COM 600V 300V 150V

A.C. VOLTMETER
25-02-2021 19
(B) DELTA-DOUBLE STAR a1 b1 c1 a2 b2 c2 a3 b3 c3 a4 b4 c4
(Neutrals connected)
- - - + + + - - - + + +
C1 A2
a4 4 5
c1

n
3 6
V b1 (a2,b2,c2) (a3,b3,c3)
b4

a1
c4 For 220 V/110 V
C2 2 1 transformer
A1 SECONDARY
B1 PRIMARY B2 V1n = V2n = V3n = V4n = V5n = V6n = V
For 1:1 turns ratio, and two V12 = V23 = V34 = V45 = V56 = V61 = V
secondaries having same number of
V14 = V1n + Vn4 = V + V = 2V
turns,
Similarly, V25 = V36 = 2V
25-02-2021 V13 = V35 = V51 = V24 = V46 = V62 = 3 V20
(C) DELTA-DOUBLE DELTA a1 b1 c1 a2 b2 c2 a3 b3 c3 a4 b4 c4
(without 6-phase
resistive load) - - - + + + - - - + + +
C1 A2
c1, a2 5
a4, b3 b4, c3
4 6

b1, c2
C2 1
3
A1 a1, b2
a3, c4
B1 PRIMARY B2 2
For 220 V/110 V
transformer
For 1:1 turns ratio, and two SECONDARY
secondaries having same number of V31 = V15 = V53 = V24 = V46 = V62 = V
turns,
V12 = V23 = V34 = V45 = V56 = V61 = 0
25-02-2021 21
V14 = V25 = V36 = 0
DELTA-DOUBLE DELTA a1 b1 c1 a2 b2 c2 a3 b3 c3 a4 b4 c4
(with 6-phase resistive
load) - - - + + + - - - + + +
5 4
C1 5
A2
4 6

6-phase resistive load

3 6
3 1
C2

B1 A1 2
B2
PRIMARY SECONDARY 2 1

25-02-2021 22
(D) DELTA-DOUBLE DELTA a1 b1 c1 a2 b2 c2 a3 b3 c3 a4 b4 c4
(with 6-phase resistive
load) - - - + + + - - - + + +
C1 A2
c1, a2 5
a4, b3 b4, c3
4 6

b1, c2
C2 1
3
A1 a1, b2
a3, c4
B1 PRIMARY B2 2 For 220 V/110 V
transformer

For 1:1 turns ratio, and two SECONDARY

secondaries having same number of V31 = V15 = V53 = V24 = V46 = V62 = V
turns,
V12 = V23 = V34 = V45 = V56 = V61 = V /3
25-02-2021 23
V14 = V25 = V36 = 2V /3
LABORATORY SET UP: SIX-PHASE RESISTIVE LOAD

25-02-2021 24
(E) DELTA- ZIGZAG a1 b1 c1 a2 b2 c2 a3 b3 c3 a4 b4 c4

- - - + + + - - - + + +
C1 A2 1
a4

a3, c1 4

6 n
a2, b2 , c2
V c3, b1

3 b4 2
c4 a1, b3
C2 5
For 220 V/110 V
A1 transformer
SECONDARY
B1 PRIMARY B2
V12 = V23 = V31 = 3V
For 1:1 turns ratio, and two V1n = V2n = V3n = 3V
secondaries having same number of V4n = V5n = V6n = V
turns,
V16 = V24 = V35 = 2V
25-02-2021 25
 REPORT

Complete the report with the relevant data as

per the format.
Draw phasor diagrams and connection diagrams
for different types of connections.

25-02-2021 26