INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, KANPUR

Department of Materials Science and Engineering

MSE 202: Rate Processes: 2023-2024: SPRING SEMESTER

Tutorial 2: Shell momentum balance and friction factors (solutions to be discussed on 19/01/2024)

1. What is meant by fully developed flow?

2. For flow of a fluid through a pipe as discussed in class, we used the no-slip condition at the pipe wall.
Explain what is meant by no-slip condition?

3. Consider fully developed, incompressible, steady-state, laminar flow of a Newtonian fluid between two
stationary vertical parallel infinite plates. Determine the shear stress profile and the velocity profile
between the parallel plates using the method discussed in class and using the usual symbols.
y
z

vz

stationary plates

2L

4. When air at 300 K is flowing through a horizontal tube of inner diameter 1cm, the local flow velocity
measured at a radius of 3 mm for the centerline of the tube is found to be 1m/s. Calculate the following
quantities.
a. The pressure drop in the flowing air per unit length of the tube.
b. The average linear velocity of the flow
c. The Reynolds number
d. The shear stress exerted on the tube by the air
At 300 K the density, ρ and viscosity, μ of air are, respectively, 1.177 kg/m3 and 1.85×10-5 Pa.s.

5. Water at 300 K is pumped at an average linear flow of 2 m/s, through a 30m length of horizontal
cylindrical pipe of inside diameter 0.025 m and relative roughness (ϵ / D ) of 0.004.
a. Calculate the pressure drop over the length of the pipe.
 b. The rough pipe is replaced by a smooth-walled pipe of that diameter, which with the same
pressure drop, gives the same average linear flow velocity. Calculate the required diameter of the
smooth-walled pipe.
Properties of water at 300 K, ρ = 997 kg/m3, μ = 8.57×10-4 Pa.s
The friction factor ( f ) for turbulent flow in a rough ripe may be expressed as functions of ϵ / D and Re as
follows:

[( ) ]
1 .11
−1/2 ε 6.9
f =−3. 6 log 10 +
3.7 D Re