COURSE CODE: Drawing Concepts and Strategies

Module - 3

Week : 10-16/09/2021|1st Semester, S.Y. 2021-2022

Introduction
Technical drawings provide clear and accurate information how an
object is to be manufactured. It shows and describes clearly and
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accurately the information required to build or manufacture a
product.

Intended Learning Outcomes

ILO 1 : analyze the different alphabet of lines

ILO 2: identify the alphabet of lines and their applications

 The technical drawing is a form of design communication based on
line symbols recognized and understood worldwide. Hence, technical
drawing is often referred to as a universal language understood
(readable) by anyone regardless of the language they speak.
Contractors, estimators, tradesmen, and builders rely totally on technical
drawings for the information they need to build, construct and
manufacture a product. To work in the design and manufacturing
industries, the study of technical drawing; ability to prepare, read and
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interpret technical drawing is essential.
Line symbols used in technical drawing are often referred to
as ALPHABET OF LINES. The use of line symbols enables
engineers/designers to express the features of designed products clearly
and accurately. Line features vary not only by width but also by how
they are graphically represented in a drawing.
Line significance is conveyed by line weight or thickness of the line.
Every line is drawn at different thicknesses and darkness to express
contrast as well as importance. Lines that are less important are thin and
light. The key to successful drafting is to have a good technical
knowledge of these various line characteristics – to understand where
and when to apply them in technical drawing.

ALPHABET OF LINE
1. OBJECT OR VISIBLE LINES – Thick dark line use to show outline of
object, visible edges and surfaces.

2. CONSTRUCTION LINE – Very light and thin line use to construct layout
work.

3. DIMENSION LINE – Thin and dark lines use to show the size (span) of an
object with a numeric value. Usually terminates with arrowheads or tick
markings.

4. HIDDEN LINE – Short dash lines use to show non visible surfaces. Usually
shows as medium thickness.

5. CENTER LINE – Long and short dash lines. Usually indicates center of holes,
circles and arcs. Line is thin and dark.

6. EXTENSION LINE – Thin and dark line use to show the starting and ending
of dimension.

7. CUTTING PLANE LINE – Extra thick lines use to show cutaway views or
plane of projection where a section view is taken. Arrow indicates the direction of
 view.

8. SHORT AND LONG BREAK LINES –Short and long medium line use to
show cutaway view of a long section.
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9. LEADER LINE – Medium line with arrowhead to show notes or label for size
or special information about a feature.

10. PHANTOM LINE – Long line followed by two short dashes use to show
alternate position of a moving part.

11. SECTION LINE – Medium lines drawn at 45 degrees use to show interior
view of solid areas of cutting plane line.

SOME ADDITIONAL INFO GRAPHS

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References:
William Anderson (Schoolworkhelper Editorial Team), "TECHNICAL DRAWING & ALPHABET OF LINE,"
in SchoolWorkHelper, 2019, https://schoolworkhelper.net/technical-drawing-alphabet-of-line/.

ACTIVITY:

Prepared by:
Al-Moshey R. Tidal, LPT