Jee MAIN ee Core CONCPET OF PHYSICS-PART | JEE MAIN CORE CONCEPT OF PHYSICS PART-M SE INDI WAVE MOTION 18 2 RAY OPTICS AND OPTICAL I RUMENTS 9-22 | 3) WAVE optics 23.29 4 ELECTRO stastics 30-38 s CAPACITORS 39-42 6 CURRENT ELECTRICITY 43-56 7 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM 57-63 8 MAGNETISM AND MATTER 64-70 9 ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION 71-74 10 ALTERNATING CURRENT ‘75-81 | 11 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES 82.83 12. DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER 84-86 13, ATOMS Ge) | 14 NUCLEI 91-93 1S. SEMI CONDUCTORS & ELECTRONIC DIVIC 94.98 16. COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 99-100 1Core CONCPET OF PHYSICS-PART-1/ WAVE MOTION > — Wave isa disturbance, (i) One dimensional wave. Ex: Waves moves along a string (ii) Two dimensional Ex: Ripples on a liquid surface (ii) Three dimensional Ex: Sound waves and light waves >» Mechanical waves: - Need medium Ex: Sound waves, waves on a string, waves on a water surface. > Non-Mechanical waves: - Does not need medium Ex: Light waves, radio waves, 7) ~ rays, X rays >» The longitudinal waves can travel in solids, liquids and gases. Progressive waves: - The waves proceeding in the medium with velocity and never returns to the origin. (i) Frequency (7) Ee T (ii) Angular frequency (a) = 2n 2 1 x (ii) Time period 1 = ~(or) T = ~ 7 @ (iv) Wave function y= f(x Fv!) “— along the +ve x- axis “4° along the -ve x — axis (¥) Other forms of wave function y = (xv, y= J@—w, y= de ** (vi) Wave function equation F = f(ax+b1) n dy ld'y ‘The differential form of wave equation “= ©? (vii) The differential mT ne a 2 (viii) Propagation constant k ® (ix) Wave velocity v= P= "=F , do (x) Group velocity V, = Fg (xi) Progressive wave equation » = asin(cor¢ a: 9) ee eeeens 4) ve x - axis (aii) Other forms of progressive Wave equation y= asin" (vt zx) =asino(tF*) z v ACore concper o) F PHYSI RT-I| JEE MAIN ‘ . A i ve function at any time y = — (iii) The displacement of wave Boa “The relation between phase difference and path difference of the wave p= Mae Ag= Phase difference A= wavelength Ax = Path difference > Particle Velocity: V7, = Ao cos(ct ~ kx) Maximum particle velocity (V,)a_ = 4@ le ation: a, =—Adw’ sin(wt~ kc) Maximum particle acceleration (a, )j., = 4@* v Relation between particle velocity (Vj) and wave velocity (I, ) : ay =(V, (-4 ae ) Gslope of the wave) > —— Energy density of the wave is pREE aoe 1 Volume ~ volume ~ 2°4°®” €087(ot - ke) Average energy associate with volume £ = 2 pte? vo 1 pata? x SAx 2 > Power: 1 patersy 5 pAb 2? > Intensity: 1 T==pfoVv 34a ¥ Velocity of the wave v= na > Velocity of transverse w: E fave y = [= Tension in the st 7 T= Tension in the string Av_ LArJe man Core CONCPET OF PHYSICS-PART-|| pare r PA Npxar » Tf string is stretched by some weight then v= Jf“ u If suspended weight is immersed in a liquid, then v = «a = liquid density p = material density Ifa string is stretched between two rigid supports and increases the temperature \ @ - 7 Then v= E - [4248 Cy Young's modulus, & > coefficient of linear expansion) H > Ifa wave is travelling along stretched string v = £- ae ;¢ = elongation a > The time faken by the wave to move from bottom to top in a suspended string ¢= 2,14 g > Velocity of sound in solids V; £ Y = Young's modulus p . 1B % —— Inliquids and gases Vi= B = Bulk modulus Pp » Veo > Vagaia > Vas > Newton's Laplace formula for the velocity of sound in gases y = |e? -(= (y= ratio of molar specific heat) eae NEG >} Ifthe displacements of the waves are y,=a,sinor, y, = a, sin(or + #) Then resultant amplitude is a 12,2, COS) Intensity Jaa* — asin(e— 2) & Y= asin(ke+ ot) v 1% ‘Then stationary wave equation y= 2asin kecos ot eeJee main CoE CONGPET OF PHYSICS-PART-I! Amplitude of the wave A,= 2asinkx > If y=asin(kx- wt) & y, =—asin (kx +00) Stationary wave equation y= 2acaskxsin ot Amplitude ofthe wave Ax= 2acoslac > Stationary wave in a stretched string: i) Fixed at both ends n= 2. (P=133..) yu T= Tension; j= linear density; /=length of a string P= number ofloops All harmonics are available ii) Fixed at one end, free at other end n= Only odd harmonics are available iii) mat => my =n iv) noWT = 1 ym fie v) nao" fhe Vi me Vi vi) Loudness of sound inde) =1010 “irre = 102 Im A Also c-soee( 4) 7 @ Fundamental frequency or 1* harmonic is ny = ¥- z Gi) 2 harmonic or 1* overtone n, = 2”MAIN (iti) harmonic or 2™ overtone n, -22=3m, (iv) General formulan, = > spel, 2,3, (¥) Ratio of the frequenci (vi) All harmonics exist ar IMI MAL fol (i) Fundamental frequency or 1* harmonic is 7, = quency 4 (i) 3" harmonic or 1* overtone my =—>=30: rc 7" _¥ (iii) 5" harmonic or 2™ overtone n, =m (iv) General formulan, = @p—D (P= 1,2 3,......) (¥) Ratio of the frequencies = 1:3:5:. (vi) Only odd harmonics exist. > The fiindamental frequency of open & closed pipes in the presence of end correction () Open Pipe: n= {e=0.6r}, (7 > radiusof the organ pipe) a 2G+1.2r) fo (ti) Closed Pipe: n, ale) 40 +0.6r) whet Lare the 1*, 2 and 3° resonating lengths then OECore CONcPET OF hve=4 BA Areas SA heen v= 2nl, > Beats: 1 (i) Beat’ Period T= (ii) Beat’s frequency =|, —7,| (iii) A tuning fork of frequency ‘n’, then (a) When wax is added to the arms of the tuning fork then its frequency decrease. n'n_ > Doppler Effect: Vs — Velocity of source of sound; vo ~ Velocity of observer; Velocity of sound D Source of 50 ion when observe () If source of sound moves towards stationary observer, then apparent S. ° Frequency 7 (. (ii) Source of sound moves away from the stationary observer then apparent_< SO Frequency 1 =| n L) Observer is in motion when source of sound is at rest (i) Observer moves towards stationary source of sound then apparent frequency 1_(v+%) ” ln <0 Ly (ii) Observer moves away from the stationary source of sound the apparent frequency (2 (II) Source of sound and observer is in motion: (i) Source of sound and observer are approaching to each other. Then apparent frequen. a 7 s> <0 (ii) Source of sound and observer move away from each other. Then apparent frequency CeJee MAIN CoE CONCPET OF PHYSICS-PART-|! n= | “ vey, | v ') Source of sound crossing the stationary observer then change in apparent frequency 2m, it) Observer crossing the stationary source then change in apparent frequency A” > Doppler effect in case of reflection of sound: (i) Ifthe observer is at rest in between source of sound and wall soutve —abwerver wall Image of An=n,- An=0 (ii) Ifthe source of sound is in between observer and wall Beats frequency 47” (iii) When both source (5) and observer are together moving towards moving towards the wall, then the apparent frequency heard by an observer »f =| "** In . Lae > Doppler effect due to rotating source of sound (or) observer PACE 7.Core CONCPET OF PHYSICS-PART. (a) Source of sound approaches stationary observer 1 = —— ny (B) Source of sound recedes stationary observe "= —— (H) Observer is rotating. (b) Observer recedes stationary source of sound n™ ‘When velocity of wind is considered, effective velocity of sound v'=v+v,cos®, @, is angle between wind and direction of path of sound between source and observer Doppler effect in light 1) When source and observer approach each other n'= nf@*% al +) cm a a(i-4) (Wavelength decreases- blue shift] é le-u a 41) When source and observer move away from each other n'=nJ-—~ wn(i-4) ctu e a a{i+4) (Wavelength increases- red shift) C— Speed of light, u— relative velocity between source and observerJEE MAIN Core concpet or > | CHAPTER.2 | RAY OPTICS AND OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS Adaws ol rellection: Laws of () The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal at the point of incidence lie in the same plane i li=le arac reflection by a plane mirror: (W) The size of the image is the same as that of the object (ti) For a real object the image is virtual and for a virtual object the image is real (iti) In order to see full image of a person, the minimum size of the mirror should be one half the person’s height (i) For a fixed incident ray if the mirror is rotated through an angle@, the reflected ray turns through an angle of 20 in the same sense (ii) Deviation produced by a plane mirror Deviation 5 = x ~2i Deviation produced by two mirrors inclined at an angle ‘0°: Deviation 6 = 360° —20 Images formed by two mirrors in contact Suppose Gis the angle between the mirrors