E ARN E RS AN D LE ARNING

CH ILD AN D ADOLE S CENT L

T HE
PRINCIPLES
COURSE OVER VIEW
• 1. DEFINE SIGNIFICANT CONSTRUCT RELATED TO CHILD AND ADOLESCENT
DEVELOPMENT
• 2. ANALYZE THE BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS INFLUENCING
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS TO TEACHING AND
LEARNING.
• 3. APPLY THE PRINCIPLES OF COGNITIVE PROCESSING IN DEVELOPING
LEARNING ACTIVITIES INTENDED FOR YOUNG AND ADOLESCENT LEARNERS.
4. ANALYZE THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL IDENTITY AND EMOTIONS OF
YOUNG LEARNERS

5. DEMONSTRATE APPRECIATION OF THE DIFFICULT AND COMPLEX

PROCESSES THAT LEARNERS OF DIFFERENT AGES GO THROUGH
.
6. DEMONSTRATE DEEPER INSIGHTS INTO HOW TEACHING AND RELATE
TO CHILD AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT
AS FUTURE TEACHERS, YOU NEED TO UNDERSTAND HOW
LEARNERS DEVELOP IN ORDER TO PROVIDE THEM WITH THE
BEST LEARNING EXPERIENCE.

AS A TEACHER YOU WILL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR A NEW WAVE

OF STUDENTS EACH YEAR IN YOUR CLASSROOM.

THE MORE YOU LEARN ABOUT YOUR CHILDREN’S

DEVELOPMENT, THE MORE YOU CAN PREPARE FOR THE
TEACHING STRATEGIES AND MATERIALS IN YOUR LESSONS.
IT IS IMPERATIVE THAT WE UNDERSTAND OUR STUDENTS’
BACKGROUND TO BE ABLE TO ENGINEER OUR TEACHING STRATEGIES
TO OPTIMIZE LEARNING

BY KNOWING THEIR NEEDS, WE CAN ADDRESS THEIR CONCERNS AND

SEEK FOR APPROPRIATE SUPPORT..
WHAT IS DEVELOPMENT?

• THE PATTERN OF BIOLOGICAL, COGNITIVE, AND SOCIO- EMOTIONAL CHANGES THAT

BEGINS AT CONCEPTION AND CONTINUES THROUGHOUT THE LIFESPAN.

• PEOPLE PASS THROUGH DIFFERENT STAGES IN A SPECIFIC ORDER, WITH EACH STAGE
BUILDING UP ON HE OTHER. PEOPLE ALSO BUILD CAPACITIES THROUGH THOSE
STAGES.
IMPORTANT TERMS IN THE STUDY OF DEVELOPMENT

• 1. GROWTH – PHYSICAL CHANGES THAT OCCUR FROM CONCEPTION TO MATURITY

• 2. AGING – THE DETERIORATION OF ORGANISMS( INCLUDING HUMAN BEING) THAT

LEADS INEVITABLY TO DEATH.

DEVELOPMENT INVOLVES GROWTH IN EARLY LIFE, STABILITY IN EARLY ADULTHOOD,

AND THE DECLINES ASSOCIATED WITH AGING IN LATER LIFE.
3. MATURATION – THE UNFOLDING OF AN INDIVIDUAL ACCORDING TO A PLAN
CONTAINED IN THE GENES (THROUGH WHICH HEREDITARY CHARACTERISTICS ARE
PASSED FROM PARENTS TO CHILD AT CONCEPTION

4. LEARNING- THE PROCESS THROUGH WHICH EXPERIENCE BRINGS ABOUT

RELATIVELY PERMANENT CHANGES IN THOUGHTS, FEELINGS OR BEHAVIOR.

5. ENVIRONMENT – ALL THE EXTERNAL PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS AND

EVENTS THAT CAN AFFECT US. THE ENVIRONMENT SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECTS
LEARNING.
 P E R IO D S IN D E V E LO PMENT
THE PROCESSES AND CHILD’S
E S C H A N G E S IN TH E
ES – INVOLV
1. BIO L O GIC A L P R O C E SS
INHERITAN C E P L AY S A L A R G E PART.
A L B O DY , G E N E T IC
PHYSIC
O L V E S TH E C H IL D ’S THINKING,
SSES- INV
2. COGNITIVE PROCE
TE L L IGE N C E A N D L ANGUAGE.
IN IL D ’S E M O TIONAL
- CHANGES IN TH E C H
IO N A L P R O C E S S E S
3. SOCIO EMOT A N G E S IN E M O TIO NS, CHANGES
H IP S W IT H O T H E R PEOPLE, CH
RELATIONS
IN PERSONALITY.
WHAT IS A CHILD?

• ACCORDING TO WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION

• DEFINES CHILDREN AS ALL HUMAN BEINGS BELOW 18. THE CONVENTION TAKES NO
POSITION ON THE LIFE OF AN UNBORN CHILD, BUT SAYS THAT ALL CHILDREN HAVE
THE RIGHTS SET OUT IN THE CONVENTION UNTIL THEIR 18TH BIRTHDAY.
WHAT IS A CHILD ACCORDING TO UNESCO/ WHO?

• WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT ACCORDING TO

WHO?
• ADOLESCENCE, TRANSITIONAL PHASE OF GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN CHILDHOOD AND ADULTHOOD. THE WORLD
HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) DEFINES AN ADOLESCENT AS ANY
PERSON BETWEEN AGES 10 AND 19. THIS AGE RANGE FALLS WITHIN
WHO'S DEFINITION OF YOUNG PEOPLE, WHICH REFERS TO
INDIVIDUALS BETWEEN AGES 10 AND 24.
• WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF ADOLESCENT ACCORDING TO UNESCO?
• ADOLESCENCE IS A DISTINCT STAGE THAT MARKS THE TRANSITION
BETWEEN CHILDHOOD AND ADULTHOOD. THE SWISS DEVELOPMENTAL
PSYCHOLOGIST JEAN PIAGET DESCRIBED ADOLESCENCE AS THE
PERIOD DURING WHICH INDIVIDUALS' COGNITIVE ABILITIES FULLY
MATURE.
• WHAT IS CHILD AND ADOLESCENT ACCORDING TO UNICEF?

• DEFINED BY THE UNITED NATIONS AS THOSE BETWEEN THE AGES OF

10 AND 19, ADOLESCENTS EXPERIENCE A TRANSITION PERIOD
BETWEEN CHILDHOOD AND ADULTHOOD AND WITH IT,
• SIGNIFICANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT. AS CHILDREN UP TO THE
AGE OF 18, MOST ADOLESCENTS ARE PROTECTED UNDER THE
CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD.
• WHAT IS THE LEGAL DEFINITION OF A CHILD IN THE PHILIPPINES?

• AS DEFINED IN R.A. NO. 9344, “CHILD” IS A PERSON UNDER THE AGE OF

EIGHTEEN (18) YEARS. WHILE “CHILD AT RISK” REFERS TO A CHILD
WHO IS VULNERABLE TO AND AT THE RISK OF COMMITTING CRIMINAL
OFFENCES BECAUSE OF PERSONAL, FAMILY AND SOCIAL
CIRCUMSTANCES