Read the text and answer the questions that follow.

( 10 marks)

Nelson Mandela (1918-2013) is an international emblem of dignity and

tolerance. He transformed South Africa from a divided and unequal
country where white people had all the wealth and power while Black
people had none, to a country with fully democratic elections and
equal rights for all races.
A large part of his success can be credited to his famous ability to
bring people with very different views together. He famously said: “If
you want to make peace with your enemy, you have to work with your
enemy. Then he becomes your partner” Mandela joined the African
National Congress (ANC) in 1942. The ANC, he said, succeeded as a
movement and a party because it had drawn on the collective wisdom
of its many constituencies.
For years he directed a campaign of peaceful, non-violent defiance
against the South African government and its racist policies and at 44
he was sent to prison on charges of conspiring to overthrow the state.
He remained there for 27 years and during this time developed his
skills as a leader, negotiator and a speaker.
He later credited his time there with teaching him the tactics and
strategy that later made him president of South Africa. In February
1990, Mr. Mandela walked free at a time when both the ANC and the
white government were split about how to move forward and there
were many who saw violence as the only answer.

He began a long process of laborious peace negotiations and after

two years black and white leaders met in Johannesburg for
negotiations that would lead, eventually, to political equality between
races. In the midst of political chaos and extremist violence, Mandela
and the white president, Mr. de Klerk, managed to negotiate a
peaceful transfer of power and the country’s first multiracial elections.
Mandela and President de Klerk were jointly awarded the Nobel
Peace Prize for their work toward dismantling the South African racial
regime. On April 27 1994, South Africa held its first fully democratic
elections.

a. What do you think Mandela learnt from his experience in prison?

A1: Mandela learnt skills such as a leader, speaker, and negotiator

b. Mandela said that he learnt many skills in prison that helped him as
president. What do you think they were?
B1: he learnt to be a leader, speaker, and negotiator. He later credited
and his time in prison mandela got the teachings and tactics that later
made him the president.
c. Why do you think it was so difficult for people to work together in
South Africa?--3marks
Ans. This was hard because there was no collective wisdom and t
He south african racial regime.

d. What happens when you have disagreements with your friends? Do

you find it difficult to reach a solution? Is there anything that you have
learnt from Mandela that you might use in the future when dealing with
disagreements and negotiations?--2marks
Ans. We endup in disputes and no work is done, and the solutions often not reachabl, yes we
would follow mandela’s preaching “if you want peace you should work with your. “ So if we try,
to understand each other we will come to a firm solution then the target will be achieved.