FM Materials

Technical Manual
 CONTENT

Who May Use FM Approvals Certification Marks ...................................................... 3

Fire protection piping systems ................................................................................ 3
Material and manufacturing standards ...................................................... 3
Service pressure ratings ........................................................................... 3
Marking of pipes ...................................................................... 4
Material properties of the used high-grade resins .......................................... 4
FM Pipe Sizes and Dimensions ............................................................. 5
Design Guidelines for Underground fire protection Piping Systems ......................... 6
Chemical Resistance .......................................................................................... 6
Installation Procedure for FM HDPE Pipe ............................................................ 6
Service Pressure Ratings ............................................................................................... 7
Drainage Fabric ............................................................................................... 7
Hydrant Installation ............................................................................................... 7
Anchors detail for HDPE pipe ........................................................................................... 7
Hydrostatic Testing ................................................... 7
Electrofusion Couplings ..................................................................................... 8
Factory Mutual Approved Mechanical Connections ................................................... 8
MJ Adapters ..................................................................................... 8

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3
Who May Use FM Approvals Certification Marks

• The use of the term “FM Approved” or use of the trade-mark certification logo shall not be used by any company without
a valid relationship with FM Approvals.

• FM Approvals certification marks shall be used only on FM Approved products in accordance with the product listing
requirements.

• FM Approvals customers often have legitimate FM Approval for products being advertised and sold by others, including
online trading platforms, drop-ship companies, web-based advertisers, distributors, suppliers and other legitimate
business entities. The FM Approvals customer may not transfer the right to use FM Approvals certification marks or the use
of the term “FM Approved” when dealing with any advertisers or marketers of these products.

• In order for the advertiser or marketer to depict the FM Approvals certification mark, the FM Approvals customer (owner)
must be clearly identified in the advertisement or marketing literatura. Otherwise, a Private Labeler Agreement (PLA) must
exist among the two parties and FM Approvals.

Fire protection piping systems

Industrial and commercial companies around the world rely on products to protect their properties from loss to hazards. Over
150 years ago, the concept of making property improvements and other loss prevention efforts that could lower the insurance
risk and therefore insurance premiums was realized by the information of a collection of companies known as Associated
Factory Mutual Fire Insurance Companies, or Factory Mutuals, for short. Today, that evolution has led to FM Global, a
well-known mutual insurace company whose capital, scientific research capability and engineering expertise and dedicated
solely to property risk management. It is known internationality for its capacity and coverage with property insurance and
loss-prevention engineering. Fire protection systems are a key effort in hazard protection for industrial plants, and usually
require that all components have Factory Mutual approval.

FM Approvals, a member of the FM Global Group, offers third part certification to help ensurance quality of products and
services. Components for fire protection systems are tested to make sure that the products meet performance, safety, and
quality standards. Factory Mutual (FM) labeled products provide proof that components meet the requirements of a fire protec-
tion systm now and will continue to meet these requirements in the event of a fire. The FM APPROVED mark is backed by
scientific research and testing is an indication that the product conforms to the highest standards.

Pavco manufactures high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe, manufactured to Factory Mutual Approval Standards 1613,
Approval Standars for Polyethylene Pipe and Fittings for Underground Fire Protection.

Material and manufacturing standards

Pavco fabricates FM approved HDPE pipe from resin with a mínimum cell classification of 445474C per ASTM D3350, classi-
fied as PE 4710 per ASTM F714 and PE 100 per ISO 4427. In order to use the FM diamond, products made in our manufac-
turing facilities must pass Factoty Mutual product tests and maintain records of testing and quality control activities.

Service pressure ratings

As temperature increases, the pressure rating for HDPE pipe decrease. The ratings for CL 200 and 250 pipe are based upon
ambient temperature operation. Additionally, HDPE has tolerance to intermittent and recurring surge events that should be
considered when matching a pressure class of piping to design operating and upset conditions in a piping system. It is import-
ant to develop a pressure/temperature matrix in considering the Operating and Design Conditions for HDPE in the various
systems.

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 Pressure Rating
Nominal Size Design pressure according to:
ASTM F714 ISO 4427 FM 1613
IPS: 2", 3", 4", 6", 8", 10", 12", 14", 16" 200 PSI -- 200 PSI
mm: 63, 90, 110, 160, 200, 250, 315, 355, 400 -- 16bar

IPS: 2", 3", 4", 6", 8", 10", 12", 14", 16" 250 PSI -- 250 PSI
mm: 63, 90, 110, 160, 200, 250, 315, 355, 400 -- 20bar

Marking of pipes
FM approved pipes are marked according to ISO 4427and ASTM F714Additionally the FM certification mark including the
maximun operating pressure is printed on the pipes.

FM ( 200 PSI ) FM ( 250 PSI )

Material properties of the used high-grade resins are stated in the following table:

Nominal English Nominal SI

Typical Properties Test Method
Value Units Value Units

Physical
Melt Flow Rate
(190 ºC/2.16 kg) 0.04 g/10 min 0.04 g/10 min ASTM D1238
(190 ºC/5.0 kg) 1.18 g/10 min 0.18 g/10 min ASTM D1238
(190 ºC/21.6 kg) 7.0 g/10 min 7.0 g/10 min ASTM D1238
Density. (23 °C) 0.949 g/cm³ 0.949 g/cm³ ASTM D1505

Mechanical
Flexural Modulus (2% Secant) 146000 Psi 1007 MPa ASTM D790
Tensile Stress at Breack 5100 Psi 35.2 MPa ASTM D638
Tensile Stress al Yiel 3500 Psi 24.1 MPa ASTM D638
Tensile Elogation al Beack 615 % 615 % ASTM D638
PENT on Natural Resin, (2.4 MPa, 80°C) 9000 hr 9000 hr ASTM F1473
PENT ton Black Compound, (2.4 MPa, 80°C) 4500 hr 4500 hr ASTM F1473

Thermal
Low Temperature Brittleness, F50 <-105 °F <-76 °C ASTM D746
DSC Induction Temperature 500 °F 260 °C ASTM D3350
Oxidative-Induction Time (200°C) 100 min 100 min ASTM D3895

Conformance Testing
Hydrostatic Design Basis
(73°F, 23°C) 1600 Psi ASTM D2837
(140°F, 60°C) 1000 Psi ASTM D2837
Minimum Requiered Strength, (68°F, 20°C) 10 MPa ISO12162
Creep Rupture Strength (20°C, 12.4 MPa) >200 hr >200 hr ASTM D1598
Resistance to Rapid Crack Propagation, Pc @ 32°F >12 bar >12 bar ISO 13477
Resistance to Rapid Crack Propagation, Tc @ 5 bar <10 ºF <-12 ºC ISO 13477
Notched Pipe Tes, (80°C, 4.6 MPa) >2500 hr >2500 hr ISO 13479

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FM Pipe Sizes and Dimensions:
Factory Mutual fire protection piping systems are made in inches and millimeters.

Table Nº 1 PRESSURE CLASS: 200 PSI - SDR11

Outside Diameter Min. Wall Weight

Nom. Size (mm) (mm) (Kg/m)

2” 60.3 5.49 0.979

3” 88.9 8.08 2.124
4” 144.3 10.39 3.512
6” 168.3 15.29 7.613
8” 219.1 19.91 12.906
10” 273.1 24.82 20.048
12” 323.8 29.44 28.196
14” 355.6 32.33 34.011
16” 406.4 36.96 44.426
63mm 63.0 5.80 1.083
90mm 90.0 8.20 2.191
110mm 110.0 10.00 3.265
160mm 160.0 14.60 6.931
200mm 200.0 18.20 10.802
250mm 250.0 22.70 15.358
315mm 315.0 28.60 26.741
355mm 355.0 32.20 33.936
400mm 400.0 36.30 43.100

Table Nº 2 PRESSURE CLASS: 250 PSI - SDR9

Outside Diameter Min. Wall Weight

Nom. Size (mm) (mm) (Kg/m)

2” 60.3 6.71 1.170

3” 88.9 9.88 2.540
4” 144.3 12.70 4.198
6” 168.3 18.69 9.100
8” 219.1 24.33 15.421
10” 273.1 30.33 23.957
12” 323.8 35.99 33.705
14” 355.6 39.78 40.879
16” 406.4 45.16 53.083
63mm 63.0 7.10 1.296
90mm 90.0 10.10 2.636
110mm 110.0 12.30 3.924
160mm 160.0 17.90 8.306
200mm 200.0 22.40 12.988
250mm 250.0 27.90 20.231
315mm 315.0 35.20 32.156
355mm 355.0 39.70 40.871
400mm 400.0 44.70 51.851

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Design Guidelines for Underground fire
protection Piping Systems

The pressure rating for HDPE pipe decreases as tempera-
ture increases when using HDPE pipe at elevate tempera-
ture, the pressure must be derated as in Table 3. High
density polyethylene pipe does not become brittle at 32
degrees F water if allowed can freeze in the pipe without
damaging the pipe. Upon thawing the pipe returns to
normal. In fact HDPE. Pipe is a good insulator and its low
conductivity reduces the risk of freezing compared to other
piping materials.
Chemical Resistance
The flexibility of HDPE pipe reduces the need fittings. In
many situations ells of 22.5 degrees or less are not
required. For most pipe sizes a 90 degree ell can be
formed in 20 to 50 pipe diameters.
The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 24, Under
section 10.8 Joint Restraint , part 10.8.1.2 indicates that
“Piping with fused,… or welded joints shall not require
additional restraining, provided that such joints can pass
the hydrostatic test of 10.10.2.2 without shifting of piping
or leakage in excess of permitted amounts.

Most inorganic acids and bases do not attack HDPE pipe.
Especially those found in the soil or in wastewater. Hydro-
carbons tend to reduce the pressure rating. As the
temperature and concentration of inorganic or hydrocar-
bons compounds increases, the more likely they are to
affect HDPE pipe.
This position by NFPA confirms the position taken by the
Plastic Pipe Institute and most high density polyethylene
pipe manufacturers that thrust blocks are not needed when
HDPE is properly backfilled. As with most questions, the
specific application and conditions must be analyzed and
good engineering judgment applied.

Cathodic protection is not needed for HDPE piping
systems. In fire water protection systems, there is no need
to protect HDPE from electrolytic attack.
Installation Procedure for FM HDPE Pipe
The high density polyethylene pipe shall be used for under-
ground fire protection systems only. Above ground use of
HDPR pipe is not approved.
Underground HDPE piping systems should be installed
using suitable trenching and backfill procedures. Deter-
mine the soil types to be trenched. When existing soils are
suitable, no bedding or foundation is required. Caution!
Soils vary widely. A professional engineer should be
consulted before making assumption about foundation,
bedding and backfill.
Pipe movement due to elastic deformation thermal expan-
sion/contraction and other forms of movement are not
harmful to HDPE pipe. Pipe movement is greatly reduced
by proper compaction.
The goal of proper compaction is to prevent excessive
bending moments on fittings and end connections where.
Proper compaction of HDPE pipe is usually defined as
obtaining a soil modulus of 1.000 psi or a proctor density
of 85%. When proper compaction can be obtained with
native soils, the system normally functions satisfactorily.
In conditions where the native soil will not provide adequate
soil support for fittings, the are installation methods that
will improve compactions around fittings in the system.
These are listed below:

The soil pipe interaction provides excellent strength for

1.- Use geotextile fabrics to separate poor soil from good
backfill. Drawing x below shows an example of the use of
underground HDPE piping systems. The reference
geotextile fabrics.
standard for direct burial of HDPE pipe is ASTM 2774.

2.- Use cement stabilized with sand or soil to provide soil

stabilization.
Excavated Trench Width

Pipe
3.- Use flowable fill four backfill
Final
Width Backfill
Pipe Embedment

12” - 18”
Centerline
of Pipe Secondary An engineer with experience in soils will be needed to
Backfill
Pipe Springline Crown
determine the best was to solve poor soil conditions. The
Primary
Zone Haunch
Zone
Invert
Backfill information provided here is to suggest alternatives but is
Bedding
Foundation
no substitute for engineering analysis.
(May Not Be Required)

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 Service Pressure Ratings

Drainage Fabric Anchors detail for HDPE pipe

Anchors are used to limit movement of HDPE when it
attaches to other types of pipe or when a connection is
made to a pump or valve at the end of a line. Drawing 2
shows rebar located near the force restraint collar where
the force of expansion or contraction may be greater than
un reinforced concrete can handle.

The anchor is sized to transfer the force from the HDPE

pipe to the soil. The anchor is sized based on the ability of
the soil to handle loading. Typical soils will handle 6 to 10
psi force depending upon the type of soil and its compac-
tion.

Hydrant Installation

Where local soils will not provide the needed support for
the HDPE pipe heavy thrust blocks or dense concrete mixes
can sink. When a large thrust block sinks. It creates the
excessive bending moment and failure that we are trying to
avoid.

In summary where good local soil conditions exist, no

thrust blocks or special bedding is required. Where local
soil conditions do not provide needed soil conditions. The
use of geotextile fabrics flowable fill or stabilized soils offer
another way to provide good proper support to pipe and
fittings to prevent excessive bending.
Hydrostatic Testing
For safety reasons, high-density polyethylene pipelines
Hydrant
should be tested with water. Air testing is not recommend-
ed. Pressure tests are normally conducted al 1.5 times the
design service pressure. A Class 200 SDR 11 pipe system
is tested at 250 psi and Class 250 SDR 9 pipe system is
tested at 375 psi. The test pressure is referenced to the
Valve Box
lowest point in the system. The total time al test pressure
Valve Stem
Sand Stabilized with should not exceed 3 hours.
Concrete
MJ Adapter MJ Adapter

Gate Warning: Take appropriate safety precautions to eliminate

Valve
danger to personnel during testing. Risks include: sudden
Sand: Stabilized with Concrete Concrete Pad to HDPE Fire Main
movement of pipe, failed bolts and threads on flanges and
around 90° Ell Support Valve
HDPE Reducing Tee valves.

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 Service Pressure Ratings

Electrofusion Couplings
Friatec Safety Fitting (electrofusion couplings) are approved
by Factory Mutual (FM) for use in HDPE Fire Protection
Piping Systems in Class 200 and Class 250. Friatec
electrofusion couplings have passed the required FM
testing for this approval in sizes from. Also, Friatec offers
metric electrofusion couplings that have passed FM testing
in Europe.

Electrofusion couplings provide an ideal method of fusing

HDPE pipe where it is difficult to get butt fusion equipament
into limited space situations. Repairs and tie-in connec-
Flange Connections
tions can be made easily with electrofusion couplings. FM
approved couplings are available in sizes from 4” to 20” A
drawing of a typical electrofusion coupling is shown below.

Cross section of Conductors

coupling: Heating Elements

Pipe Pipe

Figure 3. Steel to HDPE and HDPE to HDPE pipe

with flanges and back-up rings.
Heating Elements

Figure 2. Electrofusion Couplings

MJ Adapters

Mechanical joint (MJ) adapters are available for HDPE pipe.

Factory Mutual Approved Mechanical
Connections
Mechanical Connections can be made with HDPE pipe
using flanges and mechanical joint adapters (MJ). Both
types of connection have been approved by Factory Mutual
The MJ adapters are discussed in the next section.
The MJ adapter is used to make connections between
HDPE pipe and MJ valves and fire hydrants. This style of
connection is used extensively with ductile iron pipe. The
availability of this MJ adapter makes it much easier to use
HDPE pipe with standard MJ components. The picture
below shows an MJ connection using MJ Adapter Kit.

Flange connections are used to make connections between

HDPE pipe and pumps, valves and other types of pipe. A
flange connections consist of an HDPE flange adapter
fused to the end of the HDPE, pipe and a metal back-up
ring with bolts to make the connection.

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 This adapter is used exten-
sively to connect HDPE with
ductile iron pipe/fittings.

The MJ Adapter Kit consist of: HDPE

MJ Adapter with metal insert, Metal
Gland, Gasket, and attachment Bolts
MJ Adapter Housing and Nuts.
HDPE
MJ Valve Housing:
Ductile Iron
Gasket
Gland

Gland
Gasket

Adapter

Figure 4. HDPEMJ Adapter (in Light Blue) showing interface to Ductile Iron MJ
Valve Housing with Gasket (Dark Blue).

IMPORTANT TO KNOW:
PAVCO WAVIN, has the FM approved for fabricated pipes.
We are the 1st Company to have FM certification in Latin
America (ASTM & ISO).

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 www.pavcowavin.com.pe

En PAVCO WAVIN estamos cerca de nuestros clientes:

Telf: (511) 362-0016

Av. Nugget 555 Urb. Puente.
El Agustino Lima 10 Peru.

@pavcowavinperu pavcowavinperu PAVCOAWAVINPERU