REVIEWER IN TLE 1O

HISTORY OF MACRAME AND BASKETRY

The history of Macrame can be traced to the early 14 th and 15th centuries
when this craft was practiced in France And Italy.Basketry or basket making
is one of the oldest crafts.Prehistoric humans used limbs, leaves, and vines
woven together to carry their supplies.

TOOLS AND MATERIALS OF MACRAME AND BASKETRY

(Macrame Materials)

1.Cotton Crochet. This is simple cord type, which is soft and easy to work.

2.Embroidery Floss. this makes use of strong cords in a variety of colors.

3.Hemp or Abaca.this is a strong natural fabric and durable for clothing

4.Polypropylene Or Plastic.this is a type of chord available in various size

5.Rattail.this type of cord lends a satin feel to the crafted object

6.Soutache.this is a kind of at-ribbed satin cord often used in trimming

7.Waxed Linen.this mostly used in creating crisp knots

8.Cooper Wire.this is used in Macrame jewelry

(Macrame Tools)

1.Macrame Board is where you do the knotting. This can be padded

clipboard, corkboard, or a piece of polyyurenthane or squarecardboard that
is rubber banded together.

2.Pins should ideally be t-pins that can hold thicker cord

3.Macrame Rod Or Rings are used to support or hold the cord while knotting

(Basketry Materials)

1.Rattan Core is one of the popular materials used in basketry because it is

readily available
2.Abaca is also used as material in basketry because it is very flexible and
durable.

3.Pandan is a tropical plant widely used in cooking as flavoring, but it could

also be used as a material in basketry

4.Tikug belongs to the grass family

5.Buri Palm is an excellent for making coiled basket

6.Karagumoy Leaves are course they split while they are press as they dry

7.Nito Fern grows best in humid shaded places where timber is not very thick

8.Dog rose, honeysuckle, and blackberry briars are example of plants used
once their spikes and creepers have been worn off

9.Willow grow fast and is easy to harvest

10.Water Hyacinth for it to become useful, water hyacinth is made into one of
the materials, to make handicraft

(Basketry Tools)

1.Awl or bodkin is used for making holes for inserting willow cane or reed

2.Secateurs are used for cutting of ends of a cane

3.Nose Pliers are used to pinch the reed where you want to bend it at right
angle when making borders

4.tape Measures or meter sticks is used measuring materials

5.Rapping iron look similar to a chisel, but it is blunt and used for tapping
down the willow weave into position

6.Utility Knife is used for cutting materials, sharpening stakes, and trimming

DIFFERENT KINDS OF MACRAME AND BASKETRY PRODUCTS

Macrame Necklaces come in various designs and styles. The famous style is
macrame Y-shaped necklace.by varying the knots, the position, and the kinds
of gemstone used, several one of kind designer necklaces are produced.
Macrame Earrings are light and various size and shapes
Macrame Bracelets are made of nylon waxed twine; are light to wear in
contrast to silver, gold, and traditional jewelry with crystals and gemstone

Macrame Textiles is a form of textile making using knots instead of weaving

or knitting.it is similar to crochet or Chinese knotting, which is used to
create intricate textiles.

Chinese macrame is used to decorate the palace halls and country house
holds in china since the ancient times.

Macrame bags are fashion accessories now a days, trendy style made of
beads or sequences.

Macrame belts are considered as unique item for fashion used around the
waisnt as an accessory or to support trousers or other clothing articles.

Different Kinds of Macrame Knots and Basketry Techniques

Coiled Basketry is a type of technique in basket making, which is Native

Americans of the Southwest are well renowned for. This comes in various
styles and shapes depending on the materials used and the type of stitch
used to interlock the coil together Plaiting Basketry is like to textile
weaving where the material is plaited or woven to produce a wide variety
of items like bags, basket, purse, fan, etc

Twining Basketry uses materials from roots and tree bark Twining refers
to weaving technique where two or more flexible weaving elements
through the stiffer radial spokes.

Wicker and Splint Basketry uses materials like reed, cane, willow, oak,
and ash to create useful basket designs

Basic Macrame Knots A half knot is used in tying the shoe lace
Procedure: Cross the two ends over each other Pass one end over and
then under the other to make the half knot which takes the load (arrows)
in both ropes

A square knot is two half knots In opposite direc tions Procedure Take
two ropes and cross them tred over bluri to form a half knot Cross them a
second time tred over blue again) and pull the ends tight to form the
square knot

A double half hitch has one string bearing the knot while the other string
wraps around it Procedure. Pass the end of a rope around the object and
tie an overhand knot. For the two half hitches repeat with a second
overhand knot in the same direction

An overhand knot is created with just one string where you make a loop
knot onto itself. Procedure Form a loop and pass the end through it
Tighten it to form the overhand knot. When pulled tight, it can function as
a simple stopper knot.

Larks head knot is used to tie the yarn mounted to its anchor or starting
cord. Procedure: Pass the rope around the object, back around itself,
around the object in the reverse

Flat knot (Two Half Knot) consists of two half knots one to the left and
one to the right. Four working cords are normally used two outer cords
are tied around two vertical cords.

Sample on Basic Macrame Knotting Setting-on knot. This is the most

method used to mount cords on a holding cord, rod, or ring to start the
project. Cord are doubled and the loose ends are pulled through the
looped end Flat knot (Two Half Knot) consists of two half knots: one to
the left and one to the right

Flat knot chains. Flat knots tied in succession around two holding cords.
Cording. This is composed of double half hitches tied around a common
holding cord running horizontally or diagonally left or right. Alternating
flat knots. Flat knots tied on alternating pairs of holding cords produce
this intricate pattern. Half Knot Twist. Half knots tied repeatedly in the
same direction produce a twist or spiral

Fundamentals of weaving pattern under hard and soft strips

Weavers. These are the basket strands that weave through the spokes;
they are lighter, thinner and more flexible than the spokes to enable them
to be woven in and out. Spokes. These are the strands that stand upright
and form the side supports of the basket; they are much stiffer than the
weavers and are strong. Warp. The set of parallel bamboo strips that
provide a basis for weaving patterns. In plane bamboo weaving, the warp
strips are positioned vertically on the work- bench. Weft. Made up of the
bamboo strips that are inserted perpendicularly under and over the warp
to create a design. In plane bamboo, weaving the weft strips are po-
sitioned horizontally on the workbench.

Basketry Weaving Techniques There are four basic techniques used to

weave a basket. These are stake and strand, coiling, plaiting and twining.
The use of these four techniques creates a variety of different types of
useful products from small to big basket. 1. Stake and Strand Stake and
strand weaving involve two elements: the rigid stakes that form the ribs
or warp and a more or the weft. This method allows the use of a wide
range of materials as long as they are flexible enough for the weft and
rigid enough for the warp.

2. Colling/ Colled Basketry Believed to be the earliest basketry tech-

niques used. This method is usually em- ployed for softer materials such
as grasses. Strands of grass are stitched together to form a spiral that is
forced into a basket shape. The base material is usually a straw, willow,
palmetto or yucca, while raffia and horse hair are stitched together using
a straw. 3. Plaiting Plaited weaving involves weaving wide mate- rials,
similar in shape to ribbons, such as palm, yucca, or flax. Both the stakes
as well as the weaving materials are identical, which are then woven
together at right angle. The plaiting can be either open or closed. By
using varia- tions of the basic plaiting methods as well as the wide range
of materials available means that each basket can be a unique
masterpiece. 4. Twining Twine weaving refers to using multiple mate-
rials, one that is more rigid at the base and an- other two that are more
flexible at the sides of the basket. Twining is similar to weaving but two
strands are used to go under and over the ribs. Baskets made by twining
can be quite spectacular because 3 or more materials can be used to
twine a basket. In twining basketry, you need to be quite experienced as
the strands have to be woven over and under the ribs in opposite direc-
tions. There are also many variations to twining such as leaving the warp
open or twining on the diagonal.

Basketry Weaving Patterns (Hard and Soft Strip) A. Hard Strips 1. Randing
Weaves (Over One Under One) 2. Closed Weaves (Over One Under One)
3. Sawali Weaves (Under Two Over Two) 5. Over Four Under Four 4. Over
Three Under Three 6. Basic Hexagona 7. Chevron 8. Zignag Basket
Bottoms Cylindrical Shape B. Soft Strips Basket Bottoms Rectangular
Shape Oval Shape Two-Strand Weaves Three-Strand Weaves Four-Strands
Weaves Two-Strand Weavers RIC-Rac) Three-Strand Weavers (Ric-Rac)
Four-Strand Weavers [Rie-Rac)

Macrame' is a fabric craft that uses variety of knots to create functional

and decorative items. It can be worke in many different kinds of threads,
strings and rope and is often used to make jewelries.

Basketry is the process of weaving or sewing pliable materials into three-

dimensional artifacts, such as baskets, mats, me bags or even furniture.

Cotton crochet this is simple cord type which is soft and easy to work.

Abaca This is a strong natural fabric and durable for clothing

Nose Pliers are used to pinch the reed where you want to bent it at right
angle when making borders

Rattan Core is one of the most popular materials used in basketry

because it is readily available

Awl or Bodkin Is used for making holes for inserting willow cane or reed

Chinese Macrame is used to decorate the palace halls and country house-
holds in China since the ancient times. Chinese macrame' has also
appeared in paintings and other pieces of folk art.
Macrame Bracelet are made of nylon-waxed twine; are light to wear in
con- trast to silver, gold, and traditional jewelry with crystals and
gemstone

Macrame Textiles is a form of textile making using knots instead of

weaving or knitting. It is similar to crochet or Chinese knotting, which is
used to cre- ate intricate textile.

Macrame Belt are considered as unique item for fashion used around the
waist as an accessory or to support trousers or other clothing articles.

Plaiting Basketry is like to textile weaving where the material is plaited

or woven to produce a wide variety of items like bags, basket, purse, fan,
etc.

Coiling Basketry is a type of technique in basket making, which is Native

Americans of the Southwest are well renowned for. This comes in various
styles and shapes depending on the materials used and the type of stitch
used to interlock the coil together.

Wicker And Splint Basketry uses materials like reed, cane, willow, oak,
and ash to create useful basket designs.

Macrame Board is where you do the knotting this can be a padded

clipboard corckboard or a piece of polyurenthane or squarecardboard
that is rubber banded together

Pandan is a tropical plant widely used in cooking as flavoring but it could

also be used as a material in basketry

Basket Maker crafts people and artists specialized in making baskets

Buri Palm is an excellent for making coiled basket

Square Knot is two half knot in opposite direction flat knot (two half knot)
consist of two half knot one to the left and one to the right

Half Knot a half knot is used in tying the shoe lace

Macrame Rod Or Rings are used to support or hold the cord while
knotting

Rapping Iron look similar to a chisel but it is blunt and used for tapping
down the willow weave into position

Twining Basketry uses materials from roots and tree bark. Twining refers
to a weaving technique where two or more flexible weaving elements
through the stiffer radial spokes.

Stake And Strand Stake and strand weaving involve two elements: the
rigid stakes that form the ribs or warp and a more or the weft. This
method allows the use of a wide range of materials as long as they are
flexible enough for the weft and rigid enough for the warp.

Overhand Knot is created with just one string where you make a loop knot
onto itself

Cavandoli Macrame is used to form geometric patterns especially in

weaving