Acknowledge skin types;

1. Oily
2. Normal
3. Combination
4. Dry
5. Sensitive

Wash face properly https://youtu.be/T6yj7XMoq14

Whiteheads :

- Tea tree oil

- Witch hazel
- Honey
- Adapalene
- Facial steam
- Retinoids
- Benzoyl peroxide
- Aloe vera
- Apple cider vinegar
- Glycolic acid
- Sulfur
- Salicylic acid
- Alpha hydroxy acid
- Retinol
- Azelaic acid
- Lemon juice

Pores :

- Retinoids
- Clay mask
- Niacinamide
- Benzoyl peroxide
- Lactic acid
- Salicylic acid
- Exfoliate skin
- Hydroxy acid
- Baking soda
- Green tea

Blackheads :

- Salicylic acid
- Benzoyl peroxide
- Glycolic acid
- Witch hazel

Puffy / Dark Circle Eyes :

- Retinol
- Caffeine
- Vitamin C
- Hyaluronic acid
- Peptides
Hyperpigmentation :

- Azelaic Acid
- Vitamin C
- Kojic Acid
- Niacinamide
- Arbutin
- Retinol
- Glycolic Acid

Acne :

- Benzoyl peroxide
- Adapalene
- Salicylic acid
- Azelaic acid
- Alpha hyroxy acid

Lightening :

- Kojic acid
- Vitamin c
- Alpha-arbutin
- Glutatjione
- Azelaic acid
- Glycolic acid
- Linoleic acid

Tiny bumps :

- Benzoyl peroxide
- Salicylic acid
- Alpha hydroxy acids
- Sulfur
- Adapalene
- Azelaic acid
- Vitamin c
- Tea tree oil

Acne Scars :

- Vitamin c
- Retinoids
- Alpha hydroxy acid
- Salicylic acid
- Lactic acid
- Cica aka centella asiatica
- Grapeseed oil
Wrinkle :

- Hyaluronic acid
- Retinol
- Argireline
- Jojoba oil
- Vitamin c
- Alpha lipoic acid
- Aloe vera
- Azelaic acid
- Niacinamide
- Glycolic acid
- Collagen
- Retinoic acid

ACNE
 Use products labeled “noncomedogenic” or “oil-free.

 If you have acne, dermatologists recommend fighting it with a three-step regimen: a
salicylic acid cleanser, a benzoyl peroxide spot treatment, and a daily moisturizer.

 Salicylic acid unclogs pores and helps exfoliate to make dead skin cells fall away
faster. It's good for mild cases of acne and is available without a prescription. Many
drugstore acne creams, washes, and gels contain salicylic acid, but stronger formulas
are also available in prescription form. It can dry up your skin and cause redness and
peeling.
 Benzoyl peroxide works by fighting the bacteria that causes acne. It has an
exfoliating effect that might cause some slight peeling and can dry out your skin. It's
great for mild cases of acne, and you can get it without a prescription — many
drugstore acne washes, creams, and gels contain benzoyl peroxide. Prescription
creams that contain higher doses of benzoyl peroxides can also be prescribed by a
doctor for more severe cases.
 Use skin care products and cosmetics that don’t cause acne. These products are
labeled. On the package, you may see one of the following:
 Won't clog pores
 Non-comedogenic
 Non-acnegenic
 Oil free
 Causes of acne can also include:
 certain medications: lithium, steroids, anticonvulsants
 restrictive clothing: shoulder pads, backpacks, underwire bras, headbands
 endocrine disorders: polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
 genetics: inherited from family members
 smoking: especially in older individuals
 How to use honey
 Using a clean finger or cotton pad, rub a little honey into pimples. Otherwise, add
honey to a face or body mask.
 Some people with acne have too much sebum, or natural body oils, in their pores
and not enough antioxidants. Antioxidants help the body break down chemicals and
waste products that can damage healthy cells.
 salicylic acid
 benzoyl peroxide
 alpha hydroxy acids
 closed comedones, or whiteheads
 open comedones, or blackheads
 pustules, or pimples
 papules
 cysts
 nodules
 Begin with benzoyl peroxide and adapalene. If you're not sure which acne product to
buy, start with one that contains benzoyl peroxide, adapalene or both. Either one is
effective and usually well tolerated. Some studies show that they are more effective
when combined. Give it a few days before expecting to see results.
 Benzoyl peroxide. This ingredient kills bacteria that cause acne, helps remove excess
oil from the skin and removes dead skin cells, which can clog pores. Benzoyl peroxide
products that you can buy without a prescription are available in strengths from
2.5% to 10%. Studies show that lower strength products are as effective as higher
strength preparations. Consider starting with a lower strength (2.5%) water-based
product to lower the risk of side effects.
 Possible side effects include dry skin, scaling, irritation, burning and stinging,
especially if you have sensitive skin. Be careful when applying benzoyl peroxide, as it
can bleach hair and clothing. It has no bleaching effect on the dark patches that can
linger after acne clears (postinflammatory hyperpigmentation).
 Adapalene. This ingredient is a retinoid that helps unclog pores and prevent new
breakouts. Adapalene gel (Differin) is available without a prescription at a strength of
0.1%. Don't apply this product to skin that has a cut, sunburn or eczema rash. You
might feel a slight stinging when the gel is applied, but it soon goes away. Other
possible side effects include dry skin, scaling and inflamed skin. Use a nonoily
(noncomedogenic) moisturizer to ease these symptoms.
 Salicylic acid. This ingredient may help unclog pores and prevent new breakouts.
 Salicylic acid products that you can buy without a prescription are available in
strengths from 0.5% to 2% as both leave-on and wash-off products. Possible side
effects include mild stinging, skin discoloration and minor skin irritation.
 Azelaic acid. This ingredient helps prevent pores from becoming plugged and is
mildly antibacterial. Nonprescription azelaic acid products are available in 10%
strength. Azelaic acid also helps correct dark spots that can linger after acne clears
(postinflammatory hyperpigmentation).
 Alpha hydroxy acids. Alpha hydroxy acids are synthetic versions of acids derived from
sugar-containing fruits, sugar cane or milk. Two types of alpha hydroxy acids that are
used in nonprescription acne products are glycolic acid and lactic acid. They treat
acne by removing dead skin cells and calming inflamed skin. Alpha hydroxy acids also
spur the growth of new, smoother skin. This helps improve the look of acne scars
and pores.
 1. Benzoyl peroxide
 Benzoyl peroxide is a widely used acne treatment. It can be found as over-the-
counter or prescription medicine, in the form of a gel, cream, lotion, face wash, and
soap.
 Benzoyl peroxide works by killing the bacteria on your skin. It also helps to unclog
pores by removing dead skin.
 Doctors often recommend starting with skin care products that have benzoyl
peroxide. It’s usually well-tolerated by most people.
 But one disadvantage of benzoyl peroxide is that it causes bleaching. This can lead to
bleaching of hair and discoloration of fabrics like bed linens and clothes.
 2. Salicylic acid
 Many over-the-counter and prescription skin care products for acne-prone skin
contain salicylic acid. It’s a beta hydroxy acid, which is an exfoliant and removes dead
skin. This helps prevent your pores from becoming clogged.
 3. Alpha hydroxy acids
 Alpha hydroxy acids (AHA) treat acne by removing dead skin cells and reducing
inflammation. They also improve the appearance of acne scars by stimulating the
growth of new skin. Two types of alpha hydroxy acids found in acne products are
glycolic acid and lactic acid.
 4. Sulfur
 Sulfur is often combined with other ingredients like benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid.
It removes dead skin cells that clog your pores. It also helps remove excess oil
(sebum) that may cause breakouts.
 Sulfur traditionally has a rotten egg smell, so you may want to test sulfur products to
make sure they don’t smell unpleasant.
 5. Adapalene
 Adapalene is a topical retinoid used to treat acne. Retinoids are Vitamin A-based
products that are best known for treating aging skin.
 Adapalene can help prevent new breakouts and unclog pores. It’s available in
different forms and strengths. A 0.1% gel can be found as an over-the-counter
treatment. You can get a prescription for a 0.1% lotion, cream, and 0.3% gel.

 6. Azelaic acid
 A naturally occurring compound, azelaic acid has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory
properties. It also helps prevent buildup of keratin, a protein that can clog pores.
 7. Vitamin C
 Officially known as ascorbic acid, Vitamin C is an antioxidant and has anti-
inflammatory properties. It can help decrease redness and swelling in acne-prone
skin.
 Be patient. Give any acne treatment at least four weeks to work. It can sometimes
take a few months or longer before your skin begins to clear.
 These occlusive agents include:
 Cocoa butter
 Lanolin
 Mineral oil
 Paraffin
 Petroleum jelly
 Silicone derivatives like dimethicone and cyclomethicone. These silicones are often
used together with petroleum jelly, which can make them greasy.
 Salicylic Acid (BHA)
 Salicylic acid is a beta-hydroxy acid, and arguably one of the most effective
ingredients for treating acne. “It helps by unclogging pores and controlling oil, and is
ideal for people with oily skin and comedonal—AKA non-inflammatory—acne,” says
Caroline Robinson, MD, board-certified dermatologist.
 Product Pick: Neutrogena's classic Oil-Free Acne Fighting Face Wash ($10.99, Target)
is one of Dr. Robinson’s favorite products for acne-prone skin. It's formulated with
2% salicylic acid to deeply cleanse, treat existing acne, and prevent future breakouts.
 02of 10
 Willow Bark
 A mild sister to salicylic acid, willow bark is a natural ingredient that’s been
scientifically shown to improve current breakouts while preventing future bouts of
acne. “The polyphenols in willow bark tackle free radicals on the skin’s surface and
the salicin fights inflammation,” says Michelle Henry, MD, a board-certified
dermatologist. She adds that some studies have even shown improvements of
wrinkles and texture when applied topically.1
 Product Pick: “Paula's Choice’s Oil-Absorbing Mask ($26, Paula’s Choice) is a great
option for oily and acne-prone skin types, as it’s formulated with willow bark extract
and colloidal oatmeal and it aims to soothe and soften the skin,” Dr. Henry says.
 03of 10
 Benzoyl Peroxide
 Benzoyl peroxide is an antiseptic and considered one of the most effective
ingredients for treating mild to severe acne. “It works by killing and preventing the
growth of bacteria that causes acne,” explains Hannah Lea Anderson, an esthetician
for SkinSpirit. “It also helps to reduce inflammation and is one of my favorite
ingredients for patients with rosacea.”
 Product Pick: Dr. Robinson recommends Neutrogena’s Stubborn Acne AM Treatment
($10, Amazon), which contains 2.5% micronized benzoyl peroxide in a lightweight
lotion. “It has the ability to target and eliminate acne-causing bacteria.”
 04of 10
 Hydrocolloid
 Hydrocolloid bandages were originally intended to heal mild wounds, like burns or
bed sores. However, people discovered that they worked wonders on acne by
bringing pimples to a head and flattening them quickly. These waterproof seals
essentially work by drawing out infection and pus, and they also create a moisture-
rich environment that’s beneficial to healing. Today, you’ll find small sized
hydrocolloid bandages for pimples, and they’re incredibly effective.
 Product Pick: Hero Cosmetics Mighty Patch ($12.99, Amazon) is a simple hydrocolloid
sticker that can improve your pimple in as little as six to eight hours.
 05of 10
 Retinol
 You’ve probably heard of retinoids being touted as an anti-aging hero, but did you
know this ingredient got its start as an acne treatment? “As the mainstay therapy for
acne, retinoids and retinol have incredible track records in treating common skin
concerns,” notes Dr. Henry. “Retinol helps unclog pores, exfoliate the skin, and
increase collagen deposition.” It’s kind of a two-birds-one-stone situation where
you’re treating acne and also enjoying some anti-aging benefits.
 Product Pick: “A great beginner retinol product that addresses active breakouts is
Kiehl’s Retinol Skin-Renewing Daily Microdose Serum ($67, Amazon),” says Dr. Henry.
“It also contains peptides and ceramides that bypass the common side effects of skin
irritation and dryness.”
 06of 10
 Adapalene
 Some skin types don’t tolerate retinoids very well since this ingredient can be a bit
drying and irritating. That’s where adapalene comes in, an acne ingredient with over
three decades of research showcasing its efficacy. Anderson says, “Adapalene is a
gentle, well tolerated and effective derivative of a retinoid that treats acne. It’s a go-
to for acne patients who are intolerant to tretinoin and other prescription strength
retinoids.”
 Product Pick: Differin Gel ($14.99, Target) is an over-the-counter product approved
by the FDA for patients 12 and older. Anderson says she also recommends this
ingredient for clients with keratosis pilaris.
 07of 10
 Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHAs)
 AHAs—which include glycolic acid, lactic acid, and mandelic acid, among others—are
powerful peeling agents that exfoliate the top layer of skin. This nixes dead skin cells,
brightens the skin, and helps unclog pores. “AHAs are effective in clearing acne by
weakening cellular adhesions and removing medium-depth acne scars or
hyperpigmentation, ultimately leading to even skin tone and complexity,” explains
Dr. Henry.
 Product Pick: “The Ordinary AHA 30% + BHA 2% Peeling Solution ($9.50, Ulta) is an
impressive product that is both affordable and practical in exfoliating the skin and
clearing deep blemishes,” Dr. Henry says.
 08of 10

 Niacinamide
 Niacinamide is an excellent skincare ingredient for minimizing hyperpigmentation
caused by acne, explains Dr. Robinson. It can also help with skin hydration, which is
super important for skin repair. She says, “By hydrating and strengthening the skin's
moisture barrier niacinamide can help improve acne and post-acne marks over the
long term.”
 Product Pick: Neutrogena Hydro Boost+ Niacinamide Serum ($16.99, Target) contains
both niacinamide and hyaluronic acid to plump and strengthen your skin’s moisture
barrier.
 10of 10
 Sulfur
  It may be a bit on the smelly side, but sulfur is a known effective acne ingredient that
can help clear up your skin. “Sulfur helps absorb excess oil from the skin's oil glands,
allowing congestion to be minimized,” Anderson explains. “Specifically, it is an
antibacterial ingredient that helps to fight acne bacteria (P. acnes) to reduce
inflammation and prevent future breakouts.”


TEA TREE OIL

Tea tree oil, also known as melaleuca oil, is an essential oil that comes from steaming
the leaves of the Australian tea tree.When used topically, tea tree oil is believed to be
antibacterial. Tea tree oil is commonly used to treat acne, athlete's foot, lice, nail
fungus, and insect bites.Tea tree oil is available as an oil and in many over-the-
counter skin products, including soaps and lotions. However, tea tree oil should not
be taken orally. If swallowed, it can cause serious symptoms.

In its simplest form, tea tree oil is a natural essential oil derived from the leaves of
the tea tree, scientifically known as Melaleuca alternifolia. Tea tree oil has a distinct
camphoraceous scent and is known for its various potential benefits, including
antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antifungal properties. It has been used
traditionally for medicinal and skincare purposes and is commonly found in topical
products such as creams, ointments, and cleansers. Tea tree oil should be used with
caution and diluted properly before application, as it can be potent and may cause
skin irritation if used undiluted.
Tea Tree Oil Helps with Acne
This is an essential oil made from the leaves of the tea tree. A gel with 5% tea tree oil
may be as effective on acne as one containing 5% benzoyl peroxide. But tea tree oil
may not work as fast as other ingredients.
If you prefer natural ingredients to treat acne, tea tree oil is a top contender. It's a
powerful antibacterial and anti-inflammatory ingredient that can help minimize
breakouts and keep skin clear. One thing to note is that it’s very strong, so the pure
essential oil should be diluted instead of applied directly to your skin. To be safe, use
a pre-formulated product.
First, keep in mind that tea tree oil is best used topically and that ingesting the
ingredient isn’t safe. It’s a good idea to try a patch test first, by applying the oil on the
inside of your forearm and waiting a day or two to see if a rash forms.
Acne treatment. Add 4 drops of tea tree oil to a half cup of water. Apply to the face
with a cotton pad once daily.
To get started with adding tea tree oil to your skin-care routine, either purchase a
skin-care product that contains tea tree oil or use the essential oil itself, says Dr.
Holman. To use the essential oil, dilute it into a carrier, such as a witch hazel toner or
moisturizer. (Applying the undiluted oil can cause an allergic reaction on the skin,
Holman says.) She recommends using three drops of tea tree oil to two ounces (oz)
of product. You can use tea tree oil in the morning or at night. Combine tea tree oil
with a witch hazel toner if you have acne, which can be done after cleansing your
skin, or combine the oil with a moisturizer (such as coconut oil) as a last step in your
evening skin-care routine, if you also have dry or sensitive skin.
It can make skin more sun sensitive, says Holman. For that reason, don’t apply it
immediately before going outdoors. No matter what skin-care products you’re using,
though, it’s always important to apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF
30 to your face every morning.
Hooper recommends that people with acne-prone skin apply a product containing
tea tree oil once or twice a day, focusing on pimple trouble zones like the chin or T-
zone. You can apply this product in the morning, at night, or both, but choose a time
when you’re most likely to consistently apply it, she adds. Use the ingredient
routinely to see the best results, Hooper suggests.
She also points out that it may take a few months to see real improvement in your
skin, so give it 12 weeks of consistent use before assessing the effects on your acne.
(That’s because pimple formation can begin months before the red bump appears,
she says.)
If, after 12 weeks, you’re not seeing results, you may need a stronger acne product. A
board-certified dermatologist can help develop an acne-fighting plan appropriate for
your skin. Tea tree oil is also better suited for mild acne, and is likely not strong
enough if you have more moderate or severe forms of the skin condition, says
Hooper.
f you have eczema, avoid using tea tree oil.right up arrow Though tea tree oil may be
effective for scalp psoriasis, it has not been proved to treat that skin condition.right
up arrow Finally, while there is evidence from a double-blind controlled clinical trial
 that tea tree oil gel, when combined with a medication called permethrin, is effective
and safe for treating rosacea compared with a placebo,right up arrow you should not
self-treat, as tea tree oil can worsen rosacea symptoms.
Tea tree oil may also promote a healthy scalp.
Natural dandruff remedy. Mix a few drops of tea tree oil into regular shampoo and
wash hair as normal
“It’s a great ingredient for clarifying hair, so it’s helpful for conditions like seborrheic
dermatitis (a variation of dandruff) and scalp folliculitis, as well as general itchiness of
the scalp,” says Holman. (“Clarifying” means that a product can help remove product
buildup and oil from the scalp.) Look for tea tree–based shampoos or scalp
treatments and use these two or three times per week, she recommends. When
included in the formula of antidandruff products, research suggests that tea tree oil’s
antimicrobial properties may be effective in keeping flakes at bay. Helps with head
lice, Dandruff and Cradle Cap.
Tree Oil as an Oral Wash
Many oral health companies add tea tree oil to their mouthwash products to help
clean teeth and gums naturally. It’s also easy to make your own tea tree oil-powered
oral rinse at home. Helps with bad breath.
To make your own mouthwash:
Add three drops of tea tree oil to a small glass of water.
Swirl the mixture in your mouth, then spit it out.
Repeat every time you brush.
One study in the European Journal of Dentistry on the benefits of tea tree oil against
gingivitis, plaque and bleeding gums suggests it can be a natural and effective
solution for people who prefer it to traditional mouthwash products[7]. However, be
mindful not to swallow any tea tree oil-based oral rinse, as it’s not safe to ingest.
Side Effects
Most people can use tea tree oil topically with no problems. However, tea tree oil can
cause: Skin irritation
Allergic skin rash (dermatitis)
Itching
Stinging
Burning
Scaling
Redness
Dryness
Don't use tea tree oil if you have eczema.
Tea tree oil is toxic when swallowed. Serious side effects can occur, including:
Confusion
A lack of muscle control or coordination of voluntary movements (ataxia)
Decreasing levels of consciousness
One study suggests that repeated exposure to lavender oil and tea tree oil might
have led to the swelling of the breast tissue (gynecomastia) in young boys.

tea tree oil, known as melaleuca oil; derived from the Australian plant Melaleuca
alternifolia. Also, the tea tree plant is different from a regular tea plant irrespective of
their names. It is coined as ‘knight in shining armor’ because it protects against all
kinds of infections and various allergic reactions. It can be used to treat multiple
disorders such as skin and hair problems due to its anti-inflammatory, soothing,
anti-allergic, anti-microbial, and nourishing properties.
Hyaluronic Acid
Hyaluronic acid is a natural substance found in the fluids in the eyes and joints. It acts
as a cushion and lubricant in the joints and other tissues.
1. Hydrolyzed hyaluronic acid is hyaluronic acid that has been broken down into
elements small enough to penetrate the skin, Gasquet says. It’s moisturizing,
but not the most moisturizing option, so it’s best for people who have oily or
combination skin, since these skin types want to avoid over-moisturizing.

2. Sodium hyaluronate goes deeper into the skin and delivers even better
results, though the effects aren’t very long lasting, Gasquet says. “Sodium
hyaluronate is best for people who have normal skin because it will allow
 moisture to seep in, but you don’t really need a heavy-duty, long-lasting
effect.” This is the ingredient you’ll likely find in serums.
3. Sodium acetylated hyaluronate has the benefits of sodium hyaluronate but
with longer-lasting results. It’s best for people who need moisture, such as
those with dry skin, those who live in dry climates, or those looking for a
product for the dry winter months.
If you’ve heard of hyaluronic acid, you may have caught wind of the fact that it’s able
to hold 1,000 times its weight in water. This molecule is a widely-used, moisturizing
ingredient for exactly that reason. According to studies, formulas with hyaluronic acid
have also been shown to improve rough skin, elasticity,II and wrinkles.
I’m sure I sound like a broken record at this point, but ICYMI, hyaluronic acid is the
cardinal substance for dry skin sufferers. This humectant pulls water into the outer
layer of the skin and holds up to 1,000 times its weight in water, says Joshua
Zeichner, M.D., board-certified dermatologist in New York City. The substance
naturally occurs in our bodies, which is why it works so well to both attract and seal
water into the skin.
This acid is a naturally occurring polysaccharide found in your hair and skin. It’s used
in moisturizers because it combines with water to swell and hold moisture in the
skin. You can find it in many creams, lotions, and serums. ‌When you think of
hydration, hyaluronic acid is key. There’s a reason why our Hyaluronic Acid Serum
sells every 20 seconds worldwide. Not only is it effective for dry skin but it works
across multiple layers of the skin. The moisture-binding formula means it can hold up
to 1000x its weight in water beneath the surface of the skin for all-day hydration and
dryness relief. We recommend using it in both the AM and PM on damp skin for the
most effective results.
For an extra boost of hydration, we recommend pairing our Hyaluronic Acid Serum
with our Polyglutamic Acid Serum, which can also be used in the AM and PM–and
you can mix it into your foundation for extra moisture. Here it is, one of the buzziest
skin-care ingredients of the past few years: hyaluronic acid. It’s estimated that this
trendy humectant can hold up to 1,000 times its own weight in water, SELF explained
previously
It’s present in all kinds of skin-care products, and dermatologists frequently
recommend that basically all skin types look out for it when in need of hydration.
Because it’s present in your body naturally, it’s very unlikely to cause any sort of
irritation (on its own, anyway), so those with sensitive skin should feel comfortable
trying out products that contain it—but it may still be worth patch testing, because
other ingredients in the product could cause a reaction.
Hyaluronic acid is a go-to when it comes to dry skin. It can be found in everything
from serums and masks to moisturisers. The ingredient is known for its ability to hold
onto moisture. In fact, hyaluronic acid attracts and holds onto up to 1,000 times its
weight in moisture, delivering this hydration to the skin. Not only does this boost
 hydration levels, it can also leave the skin looking fuller, smoother and more glowy,
all while reducing that tight feeling that can often come with dry skin.
Hyaluronic acid is found in many serums and moisturisers because it’s a powerful
hydrator which works well alongside other hydrating ingredients. It cleverly acts like
a magnet to draw moisture into the skin (each molecule can actually hold up to 1000
times its weight in water), so it’s ideal for improving skin’s hydration levels.
It helps things move smoothly. Hyaluronic acid helps your joints work like a well-oiled
machine. It prevents pain and injury from bones grinding against each other.
It helps keep things hydrated. Hyaluronic acid is very good at retaining water. A
quarter-teaspoon of hyaluronic acid holds about one and a half gallons of water.
That’s why hyaluronic acid is often used for treating dry eyes. It’s also used in
moisturizing creams, lotions, ointments and serums.
It makes your skin flexible. Hyaluronic acid helps skin stretch and flex and reduces
skin wrinkles and lines. Hyaluronic acid is also proven to help wounds heal faster and
can reduce scarring.
Relieve dry eye and discomfort
Approximately 11% of older adults experience symptoms of dry eye due to reduced
tear production or tears evaporating too quickly. Since hyaluronic acid is excellent at
retaining moisture, it’s often used to treat dry eyes. Eye drops containing 0.2–0.4%
hyaluronic acid have been shown to reduce dry eye symptoms and improve eye
health. Contact lenses that contain slow-release hyaluronic acid are also being
developed as a possible treatment for dry eye. In addition, hyaluronic acid eye drops
are frequently used during eye surgery to reduce inflammation and speed wound
healing. While applying them directly to the eyes has been shown to reduce dry eye
symptoms and improve overall eye health, it is unclear whether oral supplements
have the same effects. One small study of 24 people found that combining topical
and oral hyaluronic acid was more effective at improving symptoms of dry eye than
topical hyaluronic acid alone. However, more large, high-quality studies are needed
to understand the effects of oral hyaluronic acid supplements on eye health.
HA benefits

 anti-aging
 moisturizing
 wound healing
 anti-wrinkle
 increases skin elasticity
 can treat eczema
 can treat facial redness
 changed the depth of wrinkles
 increased moisture
 increased elasticity around the eye
 absorbed into the skin better
 GREEN TEA
An individual can either drink green tea or put green tea extract on their skin, though
researchers say current evidence is limited.
However, one 2017 study. Trusted Source found a 79–89%Trusted Source reduction
in whiteheads and blackheads after using a polyphenol green tea extract for 8 weeks.
People can find green tea in most food stores. Green tea extract is more challenging
to find but available from some health stores or online.
Green tea contains high concentrations of a group of polyphenol antioxidants called
catechins.

Green tea is considered to be a magical ingredient for the skin. It is derived from the
leaves of the tea plant Camellia sinensis. It has active components called polyphenols or
catechins that work in your skin’s favour to treat an umpteen number of skin woes.
Mainly because of its antioxidant properties and anti-inflammatory nature, green tea is a
favourite among skincare enthusiasts.
Its most beneficial effects are associated with catechins, particularly epigallocatechin-3-
gallate. Oral and topical usage of epigallocatechin-3-gallate catechins is significantly
beneficial for your skin as well as all over health.[1]
In addition, green tea contains caffeine and tannins that shrink your blood vessels and
reduce puffiness . However, the goodness of green tea depends a lot on how it is derived
and stored. It matters because the powerhouse of the green tea plant lies in the
phytochemicals. If not sourced and stored properly, it may reduce the efficacy of the
ingredient.
made from Camellia sinensis leaves and buds that undergo minimal oxidation which helps retain
their natural green color and many beneficial compounds. Green tea is known for its mild flavour and
is often enjoyed both for its taste and potential health benefits. It contains antioxidants, such as
catechins, which have been associated with various health-promoting effects. Green tea is a popular
beverage worldwide and can be served hot or cold. Green tea is known for its mild flavor and is often
enjoyed both for its taste and potential health benefits. It contains antioxidants, such as catechins,
which have been associated with various health-promoting effects. Green tea is a popular beverage
worldwide and can be served hot or cold.
 Vitamin C
Vitamin C is legendary for its magical work! Enhance immunity, protection against cancer,
great for skin – you just name it and vitamin C will show its magic over it.

Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) is loaded with antioxidants that are known to make your skin
radiant and youthful. It helps to destroy the free radicles and enhance tissue repair and
collagen synthesis for healthy skin.

Vitamin C is not just limited to its antioxidant properties but it is beyond it. Since
vitamin C is highly acidic it works efficiently in skin-healing processes. When applied
topically, it works instantly to heal a wound by accelerating the production of
collagen and elastin. Collagen and elastin are both protein fibers that enhance skin
cell regeneration and make your skin firm and tight. Collagen also helps to delay the
aging process of the skin and may reduce dark pigmentation.

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a nutrient your body needs to form blood

vessels, cartilage, muscle, and collagen in bones. Vitamin C is also
vital to your body's healing process.

Vitamin C is an antioxidant that helps protect your cells against the

effects of free radicals — molecules produced when your body
breaks down food or is exposed to tobacco smoke and radiation
from the sun, X-rays or other sources. Free radicals might play a role
in heart disease, cancer and other diseases. Vitamin C also helps
your body absorb and store iron.

Vitamin C plays a role in controlling infections and healing wounds, and is a powerful
antioxidant that can neutralize harmful free radicals
No, AHA (Alpha Hydroxy Acid) and BHA (Beta Hydroxy Acid) are not the same; they
are two different types of chemical exfoliants used in skincare.

**AHA (Alpha Hydroxy Acid):**

1. **Solubility:** Water-soluble.
2. **Common Types:** Glycolic acid (from sugar cane), lactic acid (from milk), citric
acid (from citrus fruits), malic acid (from apples), and tartaric acid (from grapes).
3. **Exfoliation:** Works on the skin's surface by breaking down and removing dead
skin cells.
4. **Benefits:** Helps with fine lines, sun-damaged skin, and uneven skin tone. It
can improve the overall texture of the skin and promote a brighter complexion.

**BHA (Beta Hydroxy Acid):**

1. **Solubility:** Oil-soluble.
2. **Common Types:** Salicylic acid is the primary BHA used in skincare.
3. **Exfoliation:** Penetrates into the pores, making it effective for exfoliating inside
the hair follicles. It is particularly useful for treating acne and blackheads.
4. **Benefits:** Addresses acne, blackheads, and whiteheads. Suitable for oily and
acne-prone skin. Has anti-inflammatory properties.

While both AHA and BHA are types of exfoliants, they differ in their solubility (water-
soluble for AHAs and oil-soluble for BHAs) and the way they work on the skin. When
choosing between AHA and BHA products, it often depends on individual skin
concerns and types. AHAs are generally more suitable for addressing surface-level
concerns, while BHAs are often preferred for issues related to clogged pores and
acne. Some individuals may also use a combination of both types in their skincare
routine for comprehensive exfoliation
 BHA & AHA

AHAs and BHAs share similar benefits. You can obtain some level of
exfoliation from each one.

However, each ingredient can be used to achieve different skin care goals.
If you’re looking for an all-inclusive anti-aging treatment, then an AHA may
be the best fit. A BHA may better suited if you want to calm down
inflammation and get rid of acne.

AHAs are primarily used for:

 mild hyperpigmentation like age spots, melasma, and scars

 enlarged pores
 fine lines and surface wrinkles
 uneven skin tone

Although AHAs are often marketed as safe for all skin types, you’ll want to
take care if you have extremely dry and sensitive skin. You may need to
gradually work up to daily use to avoid irritating your skin.

BHAs, on the other hand, are primarily used for acne and sun damage.
These products go deep into your hair follicles to dry out excess oils and
dead skin cells to unclog your pores. Because of these effects, BHAs are
most suitable for combination to oily skin. Lower concentrations may be
used to help calm sensitive skin. You may also have more success with
BHAs if you wanted to reduce rosacea-related redness.