Academia de San Lorenzo Dema-ala Inc.

Tialo, Sto. Cristo, City of San Jose del Monte, Bulacan

LESSON #2
Subject: 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Name: ________________________________________
Teacher: Mrs. Mary Grace A. Castellon

LEARNING CONTENT: Introduction to Literature

REFERENCE/S: DIWA Senior High School Series
LEARNING TARGET
1.1. identify the geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimensions of Philippine literary history from
precolonial to the contemporary

LEARNING CONCEPT
Periods of Philippine Literature
Pre-historic Period
Contemporary Period
American Period Philippine
Republic Martial Law
Japanese Period
Spanish Period

PRE-HISTORIC PERIOD Literature was principally oral in as much as writing was not yet invented
and more of the works were concise poetic.
Bugtong (Riddles)
Salawikain (Proverbs)
Kasabihan (Saying)
Kantahing bayan (Folk song)
Oyayi (Lullaby)
Soliranin (Boat Song)
Kumintang (War Song)
Diona (Wedding Song)
Dalit (Religious Song)
Kundiman (Love Song)
Dipayanin (Drinking Song)
Hibais (Travel Song)
Bung-aw (Funeral Song)
Bansal (Courting Song)

With the passage of time Oral Literature becomes Lengthy and this long forms Was the epic such as:
Biag ni Lam-ang (Ilocanos)
Alim and Hudhud (Ifugaos)
Kumintang (Tagalog)
Ibalon (Bicolanos) Maragtas and Hinilawod (Visayas)
Hari sa Bukid (Hiligaynon)
Dagoy and Sudsud (Tagbanuas)
Bantugan (Muslims) I
ndarapatra and Sulayman (Maguindanao)
Tatuaang (Bagobos)

Prose and Works Alamat (Legends) Myth (Mito) Kwentong bayan (folk tales) Pabula (Fables)
Parabola (Parables)
The oral works are able to translate in Written Work through The use of SYLLABARY called ALIBATA
Ferdinand Magellan is the one who Discovered Philippines
The mission of Spanish Friars is to spread the CHRISTIANITY

DOCTRINA CRISTIANA Catholic book of prayers and doctrines

FRANCISCO BALTAZAR (Ama ng Balagtasan) wrote the immortal allegorical work Entitled
FLORANTE AT LAURA

AWITcomposed of dodecasyllabic monoriming quatrains an opposed to

KORIDO which is octasyllabic monoriming quatrains.
CRISOSTOMO SOTTO (Father of Pampango Literature)
PEDRO BUKANEG (Father of Ilocano Literature)
Fr. MODESTO DE CASTRO wrote Urbana and Felisa (book of etiquette)

SPANISH PERIOD
More productive part of the period The propagandist raised led by Dr. Jose Rizal batted For
ASSIMILATION
GAT ANDRESS BONIFACIO Head of the Revolutionists and the Supremo of Katipunan LA
SOLIDARIDAD EL FILIBUSTERISMO NOLI ME TANGERE

PSEUDONYMS
RIZAL- Dimas Alang and Laong Laan
DEL PILAR- Plaridel
JAENA- Diego Laura
JOSE MA. PANGANIBAN- Jomapa

AMERICAN PERIOD  American defeated Spaniards in Spanish-American War which resulted in

TREATY OF PARIS Introduced the public school system in the Philippines and English Language

THOMASITES- first English teachers. The Filipino Learned language and used it in their writings
Freedom of expression Freedom of press

List of periods of Philippine Literature in English

Period of Orientation- 1900-1910
Period of Apprenticeship- 1910-1920
Period of Experimentation- 1920-1940
Period of Discontent- !941-1944
Post-war Period- 1945-1950
Modern Period- 1951-1971
Martial Law Era- 1971-1986
Contemporary Period- 1986 to present

Similarities and differences of periods of the Philippine Literature

1.Period of Re-orientation- 1898-1910
2.Period of Imitation- 1910-1925
3.Period of Self discovery- 1925-1941
4.postwar- re-orientation- 1945
5.The rebirth of freedom- 1946-1970
6. Period of Activism- 1970-1972
7. Period of New Society- 1972-1981
8. Period of the Third Republic- 1981-1985
9. Contemporary period- 1986 to present

Writer Guides or Organization

P-oets
E-ssayist
N-ovelist

JAPANESE PERIOD
The invaders saw to it that Filipino movements be limited
The writers stop wielding pens and started wielding guns
They introduce Nippongo and their literary arts and forms

Ikebana- art of arranging flowers Origami- art of folding papers Tempura and sushi- cuisine Haiku
Tanka senryu Poetic Form
HAIKU -Short descriptive poem about nature -Consisting 17 syllables -5 syllables in the first line -7
syllables in the second line -5 syllables in the third line
SENRYU -a 3 lines similar to haiku structure with 5-7-5 but differs from the latter in rhyme -the subject
is human nature The tone is satirical and ironical
TANKA -The longest among three -has 5 lines and 31 syllables -5-7-5-7-7

The end of war spelled hope to the dormant writers who Woke up for their lethargy and began
creating outputs.

CARLOS PALANCA MEMORIAL AWARDS FOR LITERATURE -known to be the most prestigious
and longest-running award-giving body In the field of literature, equivalent to the world-renowned
Pulitzer Prize

MARTIAL LAW BY MARCOS -September 21, 1972 -the freedom of the press was curtailed in much
the same way as the other freedoms (speech, assembly) Were suppressed. January 1, 1981 -after
lifting of martial law

EDSA REVOLUTION -the climax and most intense protest, Reform the Army Movement (RAM) -
Marcos loyalist soldiers
Mrs. Mary Grace A. Castellon
Prepared by