SALUBAYBA, SEAN GREN B.

B346 | RZ101
BSARCH

Conservatism – Conservatism is the tendency to favor the historically inherited over the
ideal and abstract. The decision has historically been based on an organic conception of
society, or the idea that society is a living organism made up of intricately connected,
interdependent members rather than merely a loose collection of individuals.
Liberailsm – Political philosophy that regards defending and advancing individual
freedom as the main issue facing politics. Liberals frequently hold that government is
important to shield people from damage by others, but they also understand that
government can be a threat to freedom in and of itself.
Colonialism – Colonialism is the practice of one country taking full or partial political
control of another country and occupying it with settlers for purposes of profiting from its
resources and economy.
Imperialism – Imperialism is the state policy, practice, or promotion of expanding power
and domination, particularly through direct territorial conquest or by seizing control of
neighboring regions' politics and economies.
Frailocracy – The term "frailocracy" refers to a sort of governance where the friars reign.
During the Spanish colonial era, the monks were so strong that they essentially controlled
the Philippine Islands.
Encomienda – Encomienda was a legal framework used by the Spanish crown to try and
define the position of the native inhabitants in its colonies in the Americas and the
Philippines.
Hacienda – The pooling of resources and the associated decision-making process are
referred to as the "hacienda system." The working and living conditions of sacada laborers
are also covered, as well as the relationships between and among the major participants
in the hacienda-sacada work system.
Polo y servicio – Also known as “forced labor”, all Filipino males between the ages of 16
and 60 were subjected to 40-day intervals of forced labor under the Spanish colonists'
policy known as "polo y servicio" for more than 250 years. The Spanish could assign the
workers to any project they desired, regardless of how risky or unhealthy it could be.
Guardia civil – Although Spain's Guardia Civil (Civil Guard), which was founded in 1844,
has adapted to new principles in a modern, democratic Spain, its militarization and
centralized nature could impede its own modernization. To maintain public order, the
Guardia Civil was founded to take the position of the army.
Indulto de comercio – The Alcalde Mayor or Corregidor received the Indulto de
Comercio, or license to trade. Although they forbade them from conducting business, it
was intended to stop them from using the polo or taxes to support their own personal
needs and control the market. The Spanish government must come up with a solution
because these guys essentially hold all the power.