[BH Telecom | Interno]

Broj
literature Naizv rada

1 Weibull analysis

Hinadawi_ Parameter Estimation and

Applications of the Weibull
Distribution for Strength Data of Glass
2 Fiber

Estimation of Weibull Parameters using

Graphical
Estimation of Weibull Parameters using
Graphical Method for Wind Energy
3 Applications

Vejbulova raspodela i njena primena u

teoriji pouzdanosti
4 Novi Sad,
Effect of Proof Testing on Optical
5 Fiber Fusion Splices

Degradation of Optical Fiber Parameters

During
6 the Period of Usage: 2003 - 2019
7 Optical network securiti
8 Aging maslo
9 QoE maslo
10 Powero over fiber Skaljo
11 Mehnika loma Zenica
12 Analiza Srebrenica maslo
13 Grifoen knjiga
14 Agrawal 20212 knjiga
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Fiber optic cables for transmission of

15 high-power laser pulses

Failure Data Analysis by Models Involving

16 3 Weibull Distributions
Evolucija mobilnih
17 telekomunikacionih sistema
18 Evolicija mobilnih mreža

A generalized model for static fatigue

19 lifetim Yushi
20 50kps protiv 10kps

A Review of Fiber-optic Corrosion Sensor

in Civil
21 Engineering
22 Fujikura
23 Investicion i program fajtovci
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

Application of Weibull-type Analysis to

24 the Strength of Optical Fibers
25

Assessment of Lifetime of the Fiber Optic

Infrastructure Based on Attenuation
26 Measurements
27 Atlas raspodjele funkcija beograd
28 čvrstoća optičkih vlakana prevod

Characterization of Optical Fiber Strength

Under Applied Tensile Stress and Bending
29 Stress

Use of Fiber Optic Sensors for Monitoring

Crack Growth in Fatigue and Corrosion-
30 Fatigue Tests
31 Propagacija širenja pukotine najbolji

32 Diesrtacija niš trafo

33 Disertacija Marković parametri

Doživotno modeliranje optičkog vlakna

od silicijum-dioksida u ispitivanju
34 statičkog zamora
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35 Dinamički zamor materijala

karakteristike optičkoog vlakna ako
36 materijala
37 Sterlite grafička procjena prametara
38 Sterlite grafička procjena prametara

39 Weibul Salah
40 Ethernte mreže
Expected life time of an
41 activated optical network
42 Grifoen rad

Failure prediction for long length optical

43 fiber based on proof testing
44 agrawal starije izdanje
45 Fiber optical communications
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

Fiber optic cables for transmission of

high-power laser pulses
46 W.
47 Bežičneoptičke komunikacije
48 foan 2019

49 furukava dobar
50 furukava dobar b parametar
51 kaiser 2021
Grifoen životni vijek na osnovu zakona
52 snage
53 DWDM viskog kapaciteta
54 IEC 60793
55 IEC 60794
56 IEC 60795
57 IEC 60796
58 IEC 60797
59 ITU life time
60 ITU kniga optički kablovi
61 Knjiga korištenje Weibul raspodjele
62 Mitsunaga 2
63 last mile maslo
64 prezentacija optička vlakna
65 life time kablova nako
66 Corning dooobar
67 Fatima širenje pukotina sensor
68 Mara diplomski weibul
Dobir rad o materijalima iz nege uzet dio
69 sa oh vezama
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70 Weibul teorija kingabdul

Comparative study of four methods for

estimating Weibull parameters for
71 Halabja, Iraq

The Importance of Minimizing

Hydrogen Aging Losses and Alkali
Impurities
72 OFS AllWave
73 Mitsunaga tri
74 Mjerenja PON Mreže
75 modelovanje wdm

76 modelovanje opti vlakna

77 Modelovanje optičkih konektora
78 Bežićne optitičke komunikacije
79 Probno testiranje knjiga prevedena
80 Probno testiranje knjiga
81 Sterlite probno testiranje
82 Dobre slike slabljenja
83 Zadaci optička vlakna
84 Prijava teme
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

Recent Advancements in Rayleigh

Scattering-Based Distributed
85 Fiber Sensors
86 Refentna knjiga mjerenja viavi
87 Rifat ramović materijali pouzdanost
88 razvoj optike 2016

89 Sverin stress corosion

90 Severin dva dobar

91 Matju dobri
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

Fiber optic cables for transmission of

92 high-power laser pulses
Simetri novi način procjene parametara
93 dobar
94 simetri preveden
95 Termalni učinci Ismail
96 Termalni učinci Kanada
97 ITU 950
98 Testiranje ubrzanog starenja
99 Sumitomo pregled otkaza kablova

WEIBULL ANALYSIS METHOD APPLIED TO

100 OPTICAL FIBER BREAKING STRESS DATA
101 Weibul primjenjen na sisteme
102 Corning 100 preveden
103 Primjena weibul teorija
WEIBULL PARAMETERS AND THE
104 STRENGTH OF LONG GLASS FIBERS

105 Matju dobri neki

Ponavlja se tomason dobri oko weibul

106 parametara i vlakna

107 Interesantna excel kalkulatora za weibul

 [BH Telecom | Interno]

108 Furukava preveden

Tehničke postavke testiranja corning
109 preveden
Tehničke postavke testiranja corning
110 engleski
111 Lutor studija hakom hrvatska
112 Kurjikan korozija naprezanja
113 Disertacija nečistoće u vlaknu NIŠ
Primjena weibul na vjetroturbine domaći
114 rad

115 ITU suplement 40

ITU uticaj vode i popravak od uticaj OH

116 jona
117 Vlakna sa velikom snagom prenosa

118 Mitsunaga 2 rad

119 Parametri draka optičko vlakno

Lifetime modeling of silica optical fiber in

120 static fatigue test
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

AGING AND RELIABILITY OF SINGLE-MODE SILICA

121 OPTICAL FIBERS

122 Fiber Lifetime Predictions

Accelerated aging and life tests of optical
123 fibers

Inference of the Optical Fiber Lifetime

124 for Mechanical Reliability

Tensile strength and fatigue of optical

125 fibers
126
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Abstract

These notes give a brief introduction to Weibull analysis and its potential contribution to equipment maintenance
and lifing policies. Statistical terminology has been avoided wherever possible and those terms which are used are
explained, albeit briefly.

According to previous literatures, the strength data can be well fitted by the
Weibull distribution, while the poor parameter estimation method cannot obtain reliable analysis results. .erefore, a
new parameter estimation method is proposed. Based on the simulation results, it is found that the proposed
parameter estimation method outperforms the other competitors to obtain reliable estimates of the Weibull
parameters. Finally, the proposed parameter estimation method is applied to two real data sets of glass fiber
strength for illustration. .e results of data analysis show that our
proposed parameter estimation method is more suitable for these data sets than other estimation methods.

Wind power resources are abundant in India; as a result the wind power industry has entered a period of rapid
growth, and has been facing new challenges currently. Wind power is environment friendly and renewable in
nature. The wind is caused by an air in motion and is produced by the uneven
heating of the earth’s surface by the sun. The wind speed has been one of the most significant parameter in the
design and investigation of wind energy conversion systems (WECS). The objective of the present research paper is
to assess the feasibility of wind power generation for a new site in Himachal Pradesh
using micro-turbines. The major contribution of this paper, envisages two parameters, i.e., shape and scale
parameter based Weibull distribution model for investigating wind speed variations and Weibull parameters
calculation by Least Squares Fit Method (LSM) also known as Linear regression model using
graphical method. This research work shows that the hilly site of Hamirpur in Himachal Pradesh has good wind
power potential and large magnitude of winds have been available for power generation during the months of
March to June suitable for low wind power generation.

U ispitivanju pouzdanosti sistema koristi se Vejbulova (Weibull-ova) raspodela, kao i proširena i modifikovana
Vejbulova raspodela. Navedene raspodele koriste se za modelovanje pouzdanosti tehnološkog sistema tokom
vremena eksploatacije. U procesu modelovanja važan detalj predstavlja ocenjivanje parametara navedenih
raspodela.
U ovom radu prikazan je kompletan postupak analize tehnološkog sistema, na podacima preuzetim iz literature, kao i
na konkretnom primeru iz eksploatacije.
Determine the effect of proof testing on fusion spliced single mode
fiber pull strength under various levels of temperature, humidity and bending stress

Abstract- Changing the optical fiber parameters during long-term use can not be mathematically calculated. This
paper analyses the change of optical fibers from the aspect of ageing under the influence of transmitted signals and
the aspect of water influences. The analysis was carried out in such
a way as to compare the measurements carried out after the installation of optical cables and measurements after
16 years of use. The analysis has been shown to vary greatly the loss of
fiber optic splice for different wavelengths. These different loss for wavelengths 1310 nm and 1550 nm suggest that
the loss of optical fiber has increased due to the impact of water.
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

Typical fiber optic termination procedures are not sufficient for injection of these high power laser pulses without
catastrophic damage to the fiber endface. In the current study, we will review the causes of fiber damage during
high power injection and discuss methods used to avoid these issues to permit fiber use with high reliability in these
applications. A brief review of the design considerations for high peak power laser pulse injection will be presented
to familiarize the audience with all the areas that need to be considered during the design phase. The majority of
this paper focuses on the proper fiber polishing methods for high power use with an emphasis on laser polishing of
the fibers. Results from recently build fibers will be shown to demonstrate the techniques.

Two kinds of models concerning different combinations of

Weibull distributions are studied, where each of the models
involves three Weibull distributions. First, the characteristics
of the fitting plots determined by these models on the Weibull
plotting paper (WPP) are analyzed. Then, the appropriateness
of the models being applied to fitting given failure data is
described. For each of the two kinds of models’ formulas,
parameter estimates are discussed based on the plots on WPP.
Finally, an example with real data illustrates their application.

The mechanical reliability of silica-based optical fibers declines especially under the com- bination of applied stresses
and severe chemical environment in service. It is of great con- cern to assess the mechanical reliability and lifetime
based on the short-term accelerate testing and the relevant mechanism. The long-term lifetime prediction of optical
fibers is sensitive to the form of kinetic model, yet no fair and common agreement has been reached on the best
model. This study proposes a generalized lifetime model to search the best model in an expanded model space and
hence can reduce model uncertainty. Following that, a procedure using the maximum likelihood estimation and the
likelihood ratio test is conducted to determine the model structure. Furthermore, three sets of static fatigue lifetime
data are used to illustrate the validity and superiority of the proposed framework. The result demonstrates that the
proposed framework can reduce the uncer- tainty in model choice and is readily applicable to evaluation of static
fatigue lifetime of optical fibers.

Abstract. Fiber-optical corrosion sensor (FOCS) is the research hotspot of corrosion monitoring sensor in recent
years. It
has the advantages of lightness, simplicity, anti-electromagnetic interference and distributed measurement, so it has
an
attractive application prospect. In this paper, the mechanism of metal corrosion is introduced. Several common
methods
for detecting optical fiber corrosion sensors are presented, and the latest progress of optical fiber corrosion sensors
in
recent years is described. We need to design a set of sensor devices that can directly monitor the corrosion of
reinforcing
steel bars directly, and propose a method of time dependent reliability assessment based on monitoring data, so as
to form
a complete research path.
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

In this paper authors propose methodology to assess lifetime of fiber optic infrastructure (buried cable)
based on attenuation measurements. The attenuation measurements were provided as a part of transmission line
acceptance tests and then during operation and maintenance routine one year after start of service. Measurements
were made on 1310nm and 1550nm wavelengths. Proposed methodology calculates non-refusal work probabilities
of fibers in the cable, considering measured attenuation, and estimates expected lifetime. Non-refusal work
probabilities are calculated for each single fiber and pairs of fibers assuming fiber backup option. Results showed
that expected lifetime of single fibers
within particular cable may differ significantly and in order to increase overall reliability correct backup solutions
should be found or timely maintenance activities carried out.

This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States
Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their
employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility
for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process
disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to
any specific commercial product, process or service by trade names, trademark, manufacturer, or
otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation or favoring by
the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed
herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency
thereof.

Fibre Bragg Gratings (FBGs) are optical strain gages manufactured directly inside the fiber core.
They provide several advantages with respect to conventional strain gages. In particular it is
possible to put several FBGs along the same fibre (multiplexing), they are immune to corrosive
environments and to electromagnetic interferences. They can be embedded in almost all types of
materials and are very useful in Structural Health Monitoring.

Glavni cilj ove disertacije je procena preostalog životnog veka malouljnih prekidača na osnovu podataka prikupljenih
tokom njegovog redovnog ispitivanja. Korišćenjem predloženog pristupa mogu se identifikovati prekidači sa najvećim
rizikom, odnosno prekidači čiji otkaz može izazvati najveće
ekonomske posledice, ali i posledice po stabilnost elektroenergetskog sistema. Određivanjem pouzdanosti i rizika
malouljnih prekidača može se sagledati kakav uticaj imaju faktori koji karakterišu mesto ugradnje na proces starenja
prekidača. N a taj način se uspostavlja korelacija između vrednosti padova napona i ostalih podataka kao što su: tip
izvoda, naponski nivo, godina proizvodnje, broj isključenih struja kratkog spoja. Krajnji rezultat analize prekidača je
mogućnost poznavanja njegovog procesa starenja, klasifikacija stanja svih prekidača na osnovu rizika otkaza,
poznavanje uticaja zamene prekidača na raspoloživost transformatorske stanice, a sve na osnovu postojećih
podataka, tj. bez dodatnih ulaganja u novu opremu ili radnu snagu.

U radu su prikazani rezultati novih optičkih vlakana od silicijum dioksida odležanih u vrućoj vodi između 20 °C i 70 °C
i izloženih mehaničkim statičkim naprezanjima savijanja od 3 GPa do 3,5 GPa. Uočena je termička zavisnost vremena
do kvara. Ova zavisnost se može opisati Arrheniusovim modelom , gdje je energija aktivacije jedna od glavnih fizičkih
karakteristika. Čini se da se parametar korozije pod naponom također redovno mijenja s temperaturom.
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

Optical fibers should have a minimum life of 25 years. Proof testing is usually done in order
to have only high-strength fibers and to evaluate their lifetimes. The behavior of the fibers is
studied in terms of the mechanism of slow growth of microcracks. A maximum stress that will
be allowed in the subsequent usage of the fiber is then calculated, performing extrapolations
from measurements which last a few months to times which last more than 25 years. As might
be expected, papers have been published that indicate this procedure leads to inaccurate predictions.
Work reported here involves fibers with a broad distribution of strengths. These were
used for the purpose of reducing test times. Dynamic fatigue tests were done under atmospheric
and inert environments. Results were used to obtain portions of the universal fatigue curve in
order to assess the potential accuracy of long-term extrapolation from high-strength fiber tests.

The Weibull variate is commonly used as a lifetime distribution in reliability applications. The two-parameter (shape
and scale) Weibull distribution can represent a decreasing, constant or increasing failure rate, Hasting et al (2000).
Further flexibility can be introduced into the Weibull distribution by adding the third parameter which is a location
parameter. In this paper, we compared between three well known methods for estimating the parameters of
Weibull distributions. These methods are; moments, maximum likelihood and least squares. We generated a set of
data for the 2-parameter Weibull distribution, and another set for the 3-parameter Weibull distribution and we used
these methods to estimate the parameters. We used the means square error, MSE and total deviation, TD as
measurement for the comparison between these methods. We found that the moments method is the best method
for estimating the parameters of the2-parameter and 3-parameter Weibull distributions because they gave the least
value for the mean square error.

A new method for reliability assurance of long length optical glass fibers is presented. This
method is based on a simple equation by fracture-mechanics theory and provides failure
probability prediction for fibers after proof testing. The prediction is made by using dynamic
fatigue data obtained by simple tensile tests and failure number during proof testing. The
experimental results are found to be in good agreement with those predicted by the theory, and it
is verified that the method is useful to make reliability assurance of long optical fibers for longterm
use.
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

High power pulsed lasers are commonly deployed in harsh environments, like space flight and military missions, for a
variety of systems such as LIDAR, optical communications over long distances, or optical firing of explosives. Fiber
coupling of the laser pulse from the laser to where it is needed can often save size, reduce weight, and lead to a
more robust and reliable system. Typical fiber optic termination procedures are not sufficient for injection of these
high power laser pulses without catastrophic damage to the fiber endface. In the current study, we will review the
causes of fiber damage during high power injection and discuss methods used to avoid these issues to permit fiber
use with high reliability in these applications. A brief review of the design considerations for high peak power laser
pulse injection will be presented to familiarize the audience with all the areas that need to be considered during the
design phase. The majority of this paper focuses on the proper fiber polishing methods for high power use with an
emphasis on laser polishing of the fibers. Results from recently build fibers will be shown to demonstrate the
techniques.

Optical fiber communication has found applications in new fields, such as fiber
to the home (FTTH) optical interconnection systems and automobile
communication systems. In these fields of applications, the mechanical reliability of the optical
fiber is important. Since, the inference of the optical fiber lifetime has been usually discussed
based on the theory of the mathematical statistics, the discussion becomes complicated. In this
paper, we shall provide the statistical strength degradation map for intuitive understanding of the
theory.
To avoid the serious B-value issue, the lifetime of the fiber has been conventionally inferred by
using some approximations of the exact lifetime formula derived by Mitsunaga et.al.8), 9) However,
the approximations are violated in the case of short lifetime with large stress. To avoid the
difficulties, we shall develop an alternative approximation method to resolve the problem
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

In this paper, we have presented both graphical and analytical methods for
estimating the Weibull distribution parameters. It has been shown from the
computational results that the method which gives the best estimates is the method
of moments.

The Weibull distribution is the standard function used by the wind energy community to model the wind speed
frequency distribution. In this study, four methods are presented for estimating Weibull parameters (Shape and
Scale), namely, Maximum likelihood method (MLM), Rank regression method (RRM), Mean-standard deviation
method (MSD), and Power density method (PDM). To compare the methods, a period of 4 years (2001 - 2004) of
monthly time series data of Halabja city was considered. Two distinct analytical methods are studied to determine
the parameter estimation accuracy of these methods; coefficient of determination and root mean square error
(RMSE) are used as measurement tools. The Rank regression and MSDs are recommended to estimate the shape
parameter; also the Rank regression is recommended for use with our time series wind data to estimate the scale
parameter.

time. For some fibers, however, there is a

significant risk that the optical loss could increase due to
the chemical reactions between the atomic defects in fibers
and the trace amounts of molecular hydrogen inevitably
present in or around optical cables. Selecting the right
fibers made with the proper process and high purity silica
material can guard against hydrogen aging loss increases
and help ensure decades of reliable network service.

In order to assess optical fiber reliability in different

environmental and stress conditions series of testing are performed
simulating overlapping of chemical and mechanical controlled
varying factors. Each series of testing may be compared using
statistical processing: i.e. Weibull plots. Due to the numerous data to
treat, a software application has appeared useful to interpret selected
series of experiments in function of envisaged factors. The current
paper presents a software application used in the storage, modelling
and interpretation of experimental data gathered from optical fibre
testing. The present paper strictly deals with the software part of the
project (regarding the modelling, storage and processing of user
supplied data).
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

Recently, Rayleigh scattering-based distributed fiber sensors have been widely used for measurement of static and
dynamic phenomena such as temperature change, dynamic strain, and sound waves. In this review paper, several
sensing systems including traditional Rayleigh optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR), Φ-OTDR, chirped pulse Φ-
OTDR, and optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) are introduced for their working principles and recent
progress with different instrumentations for various applications. Beyond the sensing technology and
instrumentation, we also discuss new types of
fiber sensors, such as ultraweak fiber Bragg gratings and random fiber gratings for distributed sensing and their
interrogators. Ultimately, the limitations of Rayleigh-based distributed sensing systems are discussed.
Aljina preporuka

Abstract. The expected lifetime of optical fibers used either in telecommunication technologies or smart applications
are closely related to the chemical reaction on the silica network. Due to the manufacturing processes or the
handling procedures, the flaws spread on the fiber surface are inherently present. The aging mechanism is assumed
to enlarge or to extend these flaws. Based on systematic experiments one may notice that water may induce a
certain curing effect. Silica
optical fibers have been aged in water; series of samples have been subjected to overlapped stretching or bending.
Other series have been subjected to overlapped aging effect of microwaves and hot water. Finally, samples were
submitted to dynamic tensile testing. The Weibull's diagram analysis shows mono or bimodal dispersions of flaws on
the fiber surface, but the polymer coating appears vital for fiber lifetime. While humidity usually affects the fiber
strength, the series of
testing has revealed that in controlled conditions of chemical environment and controlled applied stress, fiber
strength may be increased. A similar effect may be obtained by external factors such as microwaves or previous
elongation, too.

Systems containing optical fiber have design lives on the order of

decades so that models for assessing the mechanical reliability of the fiber
must rely on extrapolations from accelerated short term testing. Such
extrapolations are only valid if all relevant mechanisms are fully understood.
The physical processes giving rise to mechanical degradation are reviewed
and it is shown that no single model describes all situations. In particular,
strong “pristine” fiber can behave quite differently from weaker fiber.
Additionally, two degradation regimes are identified, one which is stress
assisted (fatigue) and one which can occur even in the absence of applied
stress (aging). Recent advances in understanding these phenomena are
discussed and promising areas for future work are proposed.
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

High power pulsed lasers are commonly deployed in harsh environments, like space flight and military missions, for a
variety of systems such as LIDAR, optical communications over long distances, or optical firing of explosives. Fiber
coupling of the laser pulse from the laser to where it is needed can often save size, reduce weight, and lead to a
more robust and reliable system. Typical fiber optic termination procedures are not sufficient for injection of these
high power laser pulses without catastrophic damage to the fiber endface. In the current study, we will review the
causes of fiber damage during high power injection and discuss methods used to avoid these issues to permit fiber
use with high reliability in these applications. A brief review of the design considerations for high peak power laser
pulse injection will be presented to familiarize the audience with all the areas that need to be considered during the
design phase. The majority of this paper focuses on the proper fiber polishing methods for high power use with an
emphasis on laser polishing of the fibers. Results from recently build fibers will be shown to demonstrate the
techniques.

This paper details application of a 2-parameter Weibull maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method to optical
fiber breaking stress data. Optical fiber is used in a broad range of telecommunications applications and its
associated performance in fabricated component assemblies is of critical importance to the proper functioning of
telecom networks. Fiber optic components incorporating stripped optical fiber
include optical couplers, optical splitters, WDM devices, connectors, and mechanical and fusion splices.

Current models for optical fiber reliability are mostly based upon power law growth kinetics of sharp, stressfree
cracks. The physical basis of these models is critically examined and is found to have limitations in describing the
behavior of both high strength "pristine" fiber and weak fiber. In particular, the models do not account for the
abrupt strength loss sometimes observed in harsh environments for both types of fiber. Recent advances in
understanding the behavior of such fibers are discussed. In particular the addition of colloidal silica particles to the
coating material is shown to dramatically improve reliability.

The application of Weibull theory to the analysis of experimental data obtained from the tensile testing of
reinforcement fibres is widespread in composites research and development. One basic assumption implicit in the
use of Weibull analysis is that all values of fibre strength described by any set of unimodal or multimodal Weibull
parameters are accessible experimentally. However, this is not the case, as a minimum level of fibre strength is
necessary in order to be able to isolate, prepare and test any fibre. In this paper the consequences of this
experimental limitation are explored in terms of the commonly applied Weibull graphical analysis method. It is
demonstrated that this can result in significant curvature in a standard
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

Definitions of fibre parameters not specified in current ITU-T fibre Recommendations but which are very important
for practical use. Features of existing optical fibre categories and their application areas.
The relationship between fibre parameters and interface parameters. Optical fibre properties for operation and
maintenance.

Considerable experience has been gained using optical fibre cables in terrestrial and subsea applications showing
that optical fibres provide a stable transmission medium. There are some situations where the concentration of
hydrogen within a cable can rise to a sufficiently large value to cause the optical loss of the fibre to increase (see
Appendix III). Therefore, there is a need to determine the build-up of
hydrogen in a cable by considering the ways that hydrogen can be generated within it. If the escape of hydrogen
through the polyolefin sheath or the overlap of a moisture barrier balances the hydrogen
generated in the cable, the resulting concentrations within the cable do not cause a noticeable change in optical loss
(see Appendices I and II).

Abstract- It is difficult to accurately calculate the failure probabilities of optical fiber with the conventional method.
This paper propose a much more accurate method. In the proposed method, the number of fractured fibers in a
target group of fibers (here target group refers to as a manufactured
length of cable) are used in addition to the data used in the conventional method. The proposed method accurately
estimates the applied stress on the fiber, which is necessary to calculate the
failure probability, even though it is not directly measured. Such estimation is essential because it is difficult to
directly measure the stress applied on a fiber in the field. Moreover, the new method
accurately estimates the flaw growth parameters of the fiber and the distribution of flaw sizes on the fiber surface,
both of which are needed to calculate the failure probability

During their use, optical fibers are subject to harsh installation and environmental conditions. To evaluate more
precisely the lifetime of anoptical fiber, it is necessary to study the mechanical behavior of optical fibers under
extreme conditions, in particular under mechanical and thermalstresses.This paper presents the results of new silica
optical fibers aged in hot water between 20◦C and 70◦C and subjected to mechanical static bendingstresses from 3
GPa to 3.5 GPa. Thermal dependence of the time to failure was observed. This dependence can be described by the
Arrheniusmodel, where the activation energy is one of the main physical characteristic. The stress corrosion
parameter also seems to regularly change withtemperature.
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

The work carried out during the last years made possible to apprehend in a more coherent
way the problems of failure and rupture of fibers subjected to severe aging conditions.
In the proposed chapter, some informations on the used characterization methodology for the
silica optical fibers are given. In addition, Optical fibers analysis advantages, expected
percussions and theoretical background are given to enlighten the potential concerned
persons. The principal optical fiber test benches are described and some results are
commented. Finally, final remarks are noted.

The design life for optical fiber cables is often in excess of 20 years so it is not possible to conduct experiments to
directly assess reliability on such time scales. In order to ensure reliability of the system it is therefore necessary to
perform accelerated experiments in the laboratory and to extrapolate these results to less severe in-service
conditions. In the case of mechanical reliability, accelerated testing usually involves applying large stresses to the
fibers and measuring the time to failure. The maximum allowed stress that ensures survival for the design life is then
estimated by extrapolating these data to lower applied stresses using an appropriate model for the mechanism that
leads to failure.

To avoid the serious B-value issue, the lifetime of the fiber has been conventionally inferred by
using some approximations of the exact lifetime formula derived by Mitsunaga et.al.8), 9) However,
the approximations are violated in the case of short lifetime with large stress. To avoid the
difficulties, we shall develop an alternative approximation method to resolve the problem.

A method is presented for analyzing laboratory measurements of tensile strength and fatigue failure rates
of glass fibers. This method provides the physical basis for extrapolating laboratory data to the
multi kilometer lengths and long lifetimes which will be characteristic of field use of optical fibers in
telecommunication systems.
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

Moj komentar

Wawerick univerzite kraktka naliza weibul sa aspektima

primjene.

kratak pregled analitičkih metoda, jako dobra pregled

literature određivanja parametara i vlastiti priejedlog
aproksimacije weibul parametara

Primjer korištenja grafičke metode za procjenu parametara

Dijana Čović wejbul sa dosta dobrom teorijom i eksta dobrim

primjerima

ovo je prezrentacija probnog testiranja na splajsu

Najbolja knjiga za ovu temu

Najbolja knjiga za ovu temu
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

Uticaj jakog signala lasera na optičko vlakno

Teorija troparametarske Weibull funkcije

Opis tri moedla određivanja životnog vijeka dobar rad

Korozija defekata i primjena u građevini

Pregled uzroka kidanja kao sterlite nako
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

Bimofdalna analiza ponašanja splajsa optičkog vlakna

MJERENJE ŽIVOTNOG VIJEKA PUTEM MJERENJA SLABLJENJA

Dobar američki državni vlaknopod siliom sitezanja

Ispitivanje materijal putem zamora mmaterijala optičkih

vlakana
SENSOR

Dobar
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

Nako

Vidjwet da se iskoriti u zaključku

Dobar teoretski za Weibull

Predikcija životnog vijeka optičkih vlakana

Mitasunafga privi rad

Indijsko predavanje ima dobrih slika

 [BH Telecom | Interno]

ima dobrih slika

 [BH Telecom | Interno]

Irak weibul vjetar

Dobar vodeni joni

Dobar ima softwre za moel pouzdanosti

 [BH Telecom | Interno]

Severin dooobar
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

Corning analiza sile istezanja dobar

Dobar tomasom ispritani

 [BH Telecom | Interno]

nako

Ima jako dooobar pregled koji se mora iskoristiti u prvom

uvodnom poglavlju
 [BH Telecom | Interno]

dobar abstrakt za uvod drugog ili trećeg poglavlja pa da se

nakalemi pregled različitih prinvipa određivanja životnog vijeka

matju jedna od prvih simaulacija bazirana na ekperimentalnim

rezultatima

Nako opšta prića