Republic of the Philippines MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering,
PROBLEMS 2
Architecture and Technology Day 1

I. Machine Elements
Formulas
Rolling Cylinders
1. Cylinder Rolling in Opposite Direction:
A. Tangential Speed
𝑉1 = 𝑉2 = 𝜋𝐷1 𝑁1 = 𝜋𝐷2 𝑁2
B. Relation of Diameter and Speed
𝐷1 𝑁1 = 𝐷2 𝑁2
C. Speed Ratio
𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟
𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 =
𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛
D. Center Distance
𝐷1 + 𝐷2
𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 =
2
2. Cylinders Rolling in the Same Direction
A. Tangential Speed
𝑉1 = 𝑉2 = 𝜋𝐷1 𝑁1 = 𝜋𝐷2 𝑁2
B. Relation of Diameter and Speed
𝐷1 𝑁1 = 𝐷2 𝑁2
C. Speed Ratio
𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟
𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 =
𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛
D. Center Distance
𝐷1 − 𝐷2
𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 𝑅1 − 𝑅2 =
2
Sample Problems:
1. Two parallel shafts connected by pure rolling turn in the same direction having a speed ratio of
2.75. What is the distance of the shafts if the smaller cylinder is 22 cm in diameter?
A. 16.67 cm C. 30.25 cm
B. 25.25 cm D. 19.25 cm
Solution:

2. A lineshaft runs at 360 rpm. An 18" pulley on the shaft is belt connected to a 12" pulley on the
countershaft. From a 15" pulley on the countershaft, motion is transmitted to the machine.
Compute/check the required diameter of the pulley on the machine to give a spindle speed of 660
rpm.
A. 16” C. 12 1/4”
B. 10 1/2” D. 8 1/2"
Solution:

3. Three cylinders A:B:C rolling in external contact has a speed ratio of 4:2:1. If the diameter of
cylinder A is 10 cm, find the center distance between cylinder A and C.
A. 40 cm C. 45 cm
B. 35 cm D. 50 cm
Solution:

4. Four cylinders A:B:C:D has a speed ratio of 6:4:2:1. If center distance between A and C is 30
inches, find the center distance A and D.
A. 68.57 cm C. 56.34 cm
B. 83.45 cm D. 76.34 cm
Solution:
 Republic of the Philippines MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering,
PROBLEMS 2
Architecture and Technology Day 1

II. Machine Shop

Formulas

Milling:
A. Cutting Speed, 𝑣: 𝑣 = 𝜋𝐷𝑁

Where:
𝑣 = 𝑐𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑
𝐷 = 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒
𝑁 = 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑

𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑜 𝑏𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑡
B. 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑀𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 =
𝐶𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒

𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑜 𝑏𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑡
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 =
𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑡ℎ 𝑥 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑, 𝑁 𝑥 𝐹𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒

Hacksaw:

𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑜 𝑏𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑡
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 =
𝐶𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒

For hacksaw, there is only one cut stroke per revolution.

𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑜 𝑏𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑡
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 =
𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑒 𝐹𝑒𝑒𝑑
𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑, 𝑁 𝑥 𝑥
𝑟𝑒𝑣 𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑒

Welding:

𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑜 𝑏𝑒 𝑤𝑒𝑙𝑑
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 =
𝑤𝑒𝑙𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒

Volume of Consumption of Gas, 𝑉 Cutting:

𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑜 𝑏𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑡
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 =
𝑐𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒
𝑉 = (𝑉𝑜 + 𝑉𝑎 )𝐿
Where:
𝑉 = 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑥𝑦𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑦𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑒
𝑉𝑜 = 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑥𝑦𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑚
𝑉𝑎 = 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑦𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑒 𝑛𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑚
𝐿 = 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑚
Sample Problems:
1. Determine the time in seconds, to saw a rectangular magnesium bar 5 in wide and 2 in thick if the
length of cut is 5 in. The power hacksaw does 120 strokes/min and the feed/stroke is 0.127 mm.
A. 189 C. 99
B. 500 D. 20
Solution:

2. Compute the manual cutting time in minutes, of a steel plate 4 ft by 8 ft by 2.5 cm thick with a hand
cutting speed of 3.8 to 4 mm/sec, cutting lengthwise.
A. 10 C. 0.38
B. 1.81 D. 8.16
Solution:

3. Compute for the drill penetration in in/min when a drill turns at 1200 rpm and the feed of 0.005
in/rev. Material is steel.
A. 1.8 C. 12
B. 3.6 D. 6
Solution:

4. In an Oxy-Acetylene manual welding method to weld a 3 1/2 ft long seam in a 0.375" thick steel
plate at a consumption rate of 9𝑓𝑡 3 /𝑓𝑡 for oxygen and 7𝑓𝑡 3 /𝑓𝑡 for acetylene. Compute for the total
combined gas consumption in 𝑓𝑡 3 .
A. 48 C. 56
B. 24.5 D. 31.50
Solution:
 Republic of the Philippines MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, PROBLEMS 2
Architecture and Technology Day 1

Problem Sets
Answer the following problems show your solution:
I. Machine Elements
1. A 5 ft diameter pulley is turning at 200 rpm. Find the speed of the pulley mid-way of the center and
outer surface of the pulley.
A. 20.45 ft/s C. 24.34 ft/s
B. 30.45 ft/s D. 19.25 ft/s
2. A wheel is turning at 360 rpm. 55 If tangential speed of the wheel is 15080 ft/s, what is the radius of
the flywheel?
A. 8 ft C. 4 ft
B. 2 ft D. 10 ft
3. Two cylinders rolling in opposite direction has a speed ratio of 3. If center distance is 40 in, find the
diameter of smaller cylinder.
A. 20 in C. 40 in
B. 60 in D. 80 in
4. Two parallel shafts connected by pure rolling turn in the same direction and having a speed ratio of
2.75. What is the distance of the two shaft if the smaller cylinder is 22 cm in diameter?
A. 16.60 cm C. 25.25 cm
B. 30.25 cm D. 19.25 cm
5. Three cylinder A:B:C has a speed ratio of 3:2:4 are externally in contact to each other. If center
distance between cylinder A and C is 13 in, find the diameter of cylinder B.
A. 15.34 in C. 12.34 in
B. 18.95 in D. 9.37 in
6. A tool will cut for 4 hrs before it needs sharpening. Determine the time charged to one cycle if it
takes 12 minutes to change the tool and tool can be sharpened 10 times before it is discarded.
A. 2.2 min C. 1.2 min
B. 3.3 min D. 4.4 min
7. Determine the time required to turn a brass component 50 mm diameter and 100 mm long at a
cutting speed of 36 m/min. the feed is 0.4 and only one cut is taken.
A. 55 s C. 75 sec
B. 45 sec D. 65 sec
8. Two cylinders rolling in the same direction has a speed ratio of 2.5 and center distance of 50 cm.
Find the diameters of the larger cylinder.
A. 56.34 in C. 166.67 in
B. 263/45 in D. 66.67 in
9. Four cylinders rolling in opposite directions has a speed ratio of A:B:C:D = 5:3:1:4. If center
distance between cylinder A and C is 70 inches, find the diameter of cylinder D.
A. 18.75 in C. 12.45 in
B. 26.34 in D. 16 .37 in
10. Two cylinders rolling in the opposite direction has a speed ratio of 3. If the diameter of driver is 10
inches, find the center distance between cylinders.
A. 15 in C. 25 in
B. 10 in D. 20 in
II. Machine Shop
11. Compute the cutting speed in fpm of a workpiece with 2 inches diameter and running at 100 rpm.
A. 52 C. 25
B. 62 D. 26
12. Compute the cutting speed in fpm of a workpiece with 2 inches diameter and turning at 100 rpm?
A. 72 C. 62
B. 102 D. 52
13. Determine the average time to cut by automatic oxygen-acetylene (machine) crosswise a 4 ft x 8
ft x 4 in thick steel plate.
A. 6.85 min C. 10 min
B. 318 sec D. 360 sec
14. Calculate the rpm for machining a cast iron workpiece 6 inches in diameter. The lowest cutting
speed for cast Iron is 50 fpm.
A. 35.3 C. 33.3
B. 43.3 D. 53.32
15. With the arc welding rate of 18 in/min, how long will It take to weld 1/2 in thick plate by 3 feet long
seam?
A. 3 min C. 2 min
B. 1.5 min D. 4 min
16. How long will it take to mill a 3/4" by 2" long keyway in a 3" diameter shafting with a 24 tooth
cutter turning at 100 rpm and 0.005" feed/tooth?
A. 0.136 min C. 0.196 min
B. 0.166 min D. 0.106 min
17. How long will it take to saw a rectangular piece of aluminum plate 8 in wide and 1 1/2 In. thick if
the length of the cut is 8 in, the power hacksaw makes 120 rev/min and average feed per stroke is
0.0060 in?
A. 13.11 C. 11.11
B. 14.01 D. 12.03
18. A grinding wheel rotates 1750 rpm and has a surface speed of 2290 ft/min. Find the diameter of
the wheel in inches.
A. 3 in C. 4 in
B. 5 in D. 6 in
19. To facilitate the milling (roughing) work of a cast steel material using a 1 1/2 inch diameter cutter
choose between the two available stock. Find the speed of the cutter in rpm. (high speed steel cutter
with a cutting speed of 50 fpm - carbide tipped cutter with a cutting speed of 200 fpm)
A. 389 C. 572
B. 509 D. 412
20. A piston reciprocates 100 times per minute (single stroke). The length of the stroke is 6 in. What
is the average wristpin velocity in ft/min?
A. 50 ft/min C. 75 ft/min
B. 100 ft/min D. 125 ft/min
21. A workpiece turninq at 300 rpm has a tangential speed of 15 ft/s. Find the diameter of the
workpiece.
A. 11.46 in C. 13.23 in
B. 15.23 in D. 17.34 in
22. How long will it take to mill 1/2” by 1.5" long keyway by means of 25 teeth cutter turning at 120
rpm and 0.008" feed/tooth?
A. 1.23 sec C. 4.23 sec
B. 6.34 sec D. 3.75 sec
23. It takes 1 min to mill a 3” x 4" keyway of a hub by means of a cutter having 30 teeth at 120 rpm.
Find the equivalent feed per tooth, in/tooth.
A. 0.00222 C. 0.00333
B. 0.00444 D. 0.00111
24. How long will it take to cut a rectangular plate 4 it wide by means of a saw that has a speed of
160 rev/min and an average feed per stroke of 0.009 in?
A. 22.22 min C. 55.55 min
B. 33.33 min D. 44.44 min
25. It takes 5 min to cut a plate 20 ft long by means of a saw having a speed of 250 rpm. What is the
average feed per stroke of the saw, in/stroke?
A. 0.534 C. 0.745
B. 0.192 D. 0.342