SCIENCE 6

QUARTER 3 MODULE 6 WEEK 6

SIMPLE MACHINES

Let’s Understand (Study the Concept)

1. Simple machine is a mechanical device that changes the direction

or magnitude of a force. Machines are devices that make your
everyday tasks easier. They help you do your work with ease and
comfort. Machines can be found everywhere. In your home, the
utensils your mother uses when she cooks are considered simple
machines. Your school supplies like scissors, sharpeners, and even
your pencil are also simple machines. In the playground you can
see simple machines like seesaw, swings, and slides.

2. There are six simple machines: lever, wheel and axle, inclined
plane, wedge, screw, and pulley.
a. Lever- is a rigid bar that turns around a pivot called the
fulcrum. It is used to help move or lift a heavy or fixed load on
one end when force is applied on the other end. Some example of
lever are hammer, wheelbarrow, shovel, seesaw, nail cutter and
scissors. Lever is a straight or curved rigid bar that is free to
turn about a fixed point. Simple machine lever you can see its
similarity to a seesaw. To play with a seesaw, one child has to sit
on one end while another child is at the other end. The seesaw
has a support at the center. This is the fulcrum of the seesaw.
Load effort
Fulcrum

b. Inclined Plane- is a flat surface with one end higher than the
other. Examples of an inclined plane are car ramps, parking
ramps, slides in playgrounds and ladders. Inclined Plane is a
plane tilted at an angle, with one end higher than the other; it
makes moving things to a higher place a lot easier. Instead of
lifting a crate straight up, one can lift it with less force by
pushing it up a ramp. This simple machine reduces the force or
effort needed to move an object up to a higher place or bring it
down to a lower place. However the distance is increased.

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c. Screw- is an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder or pole. It
is used to hold things together like pieces of woods to support
parts of furniture or pieces of metals that make up a machine.

d. Wedge- is sometimes referred to as a double inclined plane.

Wedges are usually good for cutting and piercing. Examples of
wedges are axes, pins, and nails. A pair of scissors consists of
two wedges Wedge increase the force and changes its direction.
The longer or thinner the fan wedge, the greater the force.
Another example of a wedge is a very sharp knife that is used for
cutting meat. Without a knife, one will have difficulty cutting
meat with a hand. The shaper the edges of the wedges, the lesser
effort is needed to overcome resistance.

axe and scissors are examples of wedge

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 Let’s Analyze

A. How each simple machine can help people’s work. Write the uses.
1. scissors ______________________________________________
2. knife ______________________________________________
3. sharpener ______________________________________________
4. screw ______________________________________________
5. wheelbarrow ______________________________________________

B. One example of lever is scissors. Identify the load or resistance,

effort and the fulcrum.

Let’s Try (Evaluation)

I. Read the following statements and choose the letter of the best
answer.

1.Which of the following can describes a wedge?

a. it can pull objects up and down.
b. A ramp with one end higher than the other end
c. A flat surface with one end higher than the other.
d. It can cut, tear or break something into two or more.

2. A seesaw is a kind of what simple machine?

a. lever b. wedge c. screw d. inclined plane

3. Which of these is not an example of an inclined plane?

a. ladder b. wall c. stairs d. skyway
4. A simple machine have sharp edge and is usually used for cutting or
splitting objects.
a. lever b. wedge c. inclined plane d. screw

5. Which is an example of someone using a simple machine to do work?

a. a boy runs across a football field
b. a banker counts money
c. a mother pushes a stroller up a ramp into a building
d. a girl eats a sandwich

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II. Identify the following objects. Write S if it simple machine and N if
not.

_________1. scissors ___________4. hammer

_________2. shovel __________ 5. wheelbarrow
_________3. bond paper

Let’s Create

Complete the table. What kind of simple machine that shows on the
table and write their uses or function. Copy the table and write your
answer on your answer sheet.

Simple Machine Example Use or function

ladder
nail
scissor
knife

hammer