FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT)(HONS) (CFAP246)

THE IMPACT OF USE SINGLE PLASTIC ON THE ENVIRONMENT

(PORTFOLIO)

Prepared by:

NAME STUDENT NO. GROUP/CLASS

LUQMAN HAKIM SHAH BIN RUSDI 2022641818

FIRDAUS BIN SUPARMAN 2023960443 NAP2465A

MUHAMAD FAWZY BIN RASHID 2023561467

Prepared for:

SIR GOPIGHANTAN MYLVAGANAM

Date of Submission:

21st JANUARY 2024

 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Content Table

1.0 Article Proo

f
1.1 Plastic, Burden To The Environment...................................................................................4
1.2 Single-Use Plastics And Pollution.........................................................................................6
1.3 Plastic Straw Ban Effective 2020..........................................................................................7
1.4 The Challenges of Measuring Plastic Pollution....................................................................8
1.5 Plastic Straw Ban Effective..................................................................................................10
.............................................................................................................................................................10
.............................................................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..................................................................................................................................12
 LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1 Article Plastic Burden To The Environment

Appendix 2 Article Single-Use Plastics and Pollution

Appendix 3 Article Plastic Straw Ban Effective 2020

Appendix 4 Article The Challenges of Measuring Plastic Pollution

Appendix 5 Article Plastic Straw Ban Effective

 1.0 ARTICLE PROOF

1.1 Plastic, Burden To The Environment

Author : Prof Madya Dr Haliza Abdul Rahman

Year : 2023

» NEWS » PLASTIC, BURDEN TO THE ENVIRONMENT

PLASTIC, BURDEN TO THE

ENVIRONMENT

Prof Madya Dr Haliza Abdul Rahman

According to researchers, plastic is estimated to produce 19 percent of global greenhouse gases by 2040,
preventing the world from meeting Paris Agreement commitments to limit the average rise in Earth's
surface temperature to 1.5 degrees Celsius, above pre-industrial levels. According to Inger Andersen,
executive director of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the way plastics are produced,
used and disposed of pollutes ecosystems, poses risks to human health and threatens climate stability.
Worldwide, one million plastic bottles are bought every minute, while up to five trillion plastic bags are
used worldwide each year. Plastic production continues to grow, with half of all plastics produced
designed for single-use purposes. About 36 percent of all plastics produced are used in packaging,
including single-use plastic products for food and beverage containers. An estimated 85 percent of this
plastic ends up in landfills or as uncontrolled waste. Roughly speaking, half of the disposed plastic is not
properly maintained with most of it being dumped in the environment or burned.
In 2020, around 238 million metric tonnes of waste was single-use plastics such as discarded packaging
and this is happening around the world. As a result, if there is no significant change, UNEP expects that
each year, this plastic waste will reach 408 million metric tons by 2040. The results of global statistics
found that five trillion plastic bags are used every year and 13 million tons of them are thrown into the sea.
An estimated one million plastic bottles are bought every minute and 100,000 marine life are killed by
plastic every year.
In Malaysia, it is estimated that an average of nine billion plastics are consumed by Malaysians each year,
most of which end up in the oceans. In fact, data from a research paper published by Dutch academic
Lourens JJ Meijer in 2021 showed Malaysia's position in the third place list of the top 10 countries to be
the main contributor to plastic pollution in the ocean. Based on a report published by the World Wildlife
Fund (WWF-Malaysia) in 2022, Malaysia recorded an annual per capita plastic packaging per person is
16.8 kilograms.
Paraphrased Sentence

1. According to Prof Madya Dr Haliza Abdul Rahman, plastic is estimated to

produce 19 percent of global greenhouse gases by 2040, preventing the world
from meeting Paris Agreement commitments to limit the average rise in
Earth's surface temperature to 1.5 degrees Celsius, above pre-industrial
levels. According to Inger Andersen, executive director of the United Nations
Environment Programme (UNEP), the way plastics are produced, used, and
disposed of pollutes ecosystems, poses risks to human health, and threatens
climate stability.

2. In Malaysia, it is estimated that an average of nine billion plastics are

consumed by Malaysians each year, most of which end up in the oceans. In
fact, data from a research paper published by Dutch academic Lourens JJ
Meijer in 2021 showed Malaysia's position in the third-place list of the top 10
countries to be the main contributor to plastic pollution in the ocean. Based on
a report published by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF-Malaysia) in 2022,
Malaysia recorded an annual per capita plastic packaging per person is 16.8
kilograms.

1.2 Single-Use Plastics and Pollution

Author : Courtney Lindwall

Year : 2020

Paraphrased Sentence

1. Courtney Lindwall has stated that, in 2015, scientists from the University of
Georgia approximated that annually, a significant amount of plastic, ranging
from 4.8 million to 12.7 million metric tons, enters the oceans due to human
activities within a 30-mile radius of coastlines.

2. a significant amount of plastic manufactured in Asian nations is intended for

products catering to the demand in the United States. Consequently, the
United States frequently ships plastic waste back to these countries for
recycling.

1.3 Plastic Straw Ban Effective 2020

Author : Malay Mail

Year : 2019

Paraphrased Sentence
 1. Malay Mail (2019) has stated that the restriction on plastic drinking straw
usage, implemented from January 1, 2020, targets license-holding traders
and food outlet operators rather than the public.

2. The Secretary-General of the Federal Territories Ministry, Datuk Seri Adnan

Md Ikhsan, mentioned that starting from January 1, 2019, the prohibition
would be incorporated into the requirements for business licenses.

1.4 The Challenges of Measuring Plastic Pollution

Author : Julien Boucher and Guillaume

Year : 2019

Paraphrased Sentence

1. Plastics can provide environmentally friendly alternatives with reduced carbon

footprint when compared to alternative materials (Boucher and Friot, 2017).

2. From the 1950s to 2017, the annual production of plastics has surged from
nearly negligible levels to surpassing 335 million tonnes, and it is projected to
continue growing at a rate of 4% in the upcoming years (Geyer, Jambeck, and
Law, 2017)

3. It will delve deeper into the existing gaps in knowledge and the challenges
associated with assessing plastic at sea and predicting plastic leakage.

1.5 Plastic Straw Ban Effective

Author : Ministry Clarifies

Year : 2020

Paraphrased Sentence
 1. The weekly initiative to reduce plastic bag usage involves implementing an
extra fee of MYR 0.20 for each plastic bag at supermarkets and grocery
stores.

2. A semi-structured interview will be conducted with key stakeholders in 24

households located in the state of Johor as part of a questionnaire survey.

REFERENCES
Lindwall, C. (2020, January 20). NRDC. Retrieved from https://www.nrdc.org/stories/single-
use-plastics-101#what
Rahman, P. M. (August, 2023). INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL SCIENCE STUDIES (UPM).
Retrieved from https://ipsas.upm.edu.my/news/plastic_burden_to_the_environment-
74561#:~:text=An%20estimated%20one%20million%20plastic,end%20up%20in
%20the%20oceans.

Malay Mail (2019) Plastic straw ban effective 2020, ministry clarifies,
Malay Mail, 22 September. Retrieved from
https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2018/09/22/plastic-straw-
ban-effective-2020-ministry-clarifies/1675334

Afroz R, Rahman A, Masud MM, Akhtar R (2017) The knowledge,

awareness, attitude and motivational analysis of plastic waste and
household perspective in Malaysia. Environ Sci Pollut Res
24(3):2304–2315

Government of Malaysia (2007) Act 672. In: Solid waste and public cleansing management
act 2007, viewed 25 January 2021,
http://www.agc.gov.my/agcportal/uploads/files/Publications/LOM/EN/Act
%20672.pdf#:~:text=AND%20PUBLIC%20CLEANSING-,MANAGEMENT%20ACT
%202007,and%20for%20matters%20incidental%20thereto