Male Reproductive System

Male Genital System

The male genital system consists of:
- Primary Sex Organ: two TESTES.
- Accessory Sex Organs: Excretory Ducts & Accessory Glands

Accessory Sex Organs

• Excretory Ducts: tubuli recti, rete
testis, efferent ductules, epididymis,
vas deferens, ampulla of vas
deferens, ejaculatory duct and
urethra.

• Accessory Glands: seminal vesicle,

prostate, bulbo-urethral glands.
 THE TESTIS
• It is the primary sex organ.

• It produces sperms (exocrine gland)

& testosterone (endocrine gland).

• It is oval in shape.

• Each testis is located in one

compartment of the scrotum.

• It has 3 capsules: tunica vasculosa,

tunica albuginea and tunica
vaginalis.

• It has 3 coats: Internal spermatic

fascia, Cremasteric muscle and
fascia & External spermatic fascia.
 Internal Structure of The Testis

➢The Tunica albuginea is a fibrous coat which is

thickened posteriorly to form the mediastinum
testis.

➢Many septa emerge from the mediastinum and

divide the testis into 250 compartments, each of
them contains 2-3 seminiferous tubules (60 cm).

➢The beginning of the seminiferous tubule is straight

(tubuli recti).

➢The tubuli recti open to form the rete testis.

➢From the rete testis, 15-20 effernt ductules enter

the head of the epididymis.
Internal Structure of The Testis
 Male Genital Ducts
➢Tubuli recti.
➢Rete testis.
➢Efferent ductules.
➢Epididymis (head, body & tail).
➢Vas deferens.
➢Ejaculatory duct.
➢Urethra.
 Epididymis
➢It is a highly coiled tube (6 meters) that forms a coma-shaped structure which is
divided into: Head, Body & Tail.

➢The head receives the efferent ductules

and forms a cap around the upper pole of
the testis.

➢The body is the middle part and

descends behind the testis.

➢The tail opens into the vas deferens.

 Vas Deferens
➢A cord-like structure that begins
from the tail of the epididymis and
ascends behind the testis.

➢It enters the pelvic cavity through

the inguinal canal, then reaches
behind the urinary bladder.

➢The terminal part of the Vas dilates

to form the ampulla

➢The Vas then joins the duct of the

seminal vesicle to form the
ejaculatory duct
 The Ejaculatory Duct
➢It is a narrow tube that passes inside the prostate and finally opens
into the prostatic urethra.

➢The Urethra: a common

pathway for urine & semen.
 The Accessory Glands

Seminal Vesicle Bulbo-urethral Gland

Prostate

The Seminal Vesicle

➢A paired gland behind the urinary bladder.

➢Pyriform in shape, 5 cm long.

➢Formed of a highly coiled single tube.

➢Its duct joins the end of the vas deferens

to form the ejaculatory duct.

➢It produces an alkaline viscous fluid to be

added to the semen during ejaculation.

➢The secretion contains fructose,

prostaglandins & fibrinogen.
The Prostate
➢It is the largest accessory genital
gland in males.

➢It is located below the urinary

bladder, surrounding the
beginning of the urethra.

➢The ducts of the gland open into

the prostatic urethra.

➢Its secretion forms 25% of the

seminal fluid and contains citric
acid, zinc, and enzymes.

➢It enlarges in size with age and

may compress the urethra causing
retention of urine.
The Bulbo-Urethral Glands

➢They are small glands lying

on either side of the
membranous urethra.

➢They open in the posterior

part of the penile urethra.

➢They produce alkaline

secretion that neutralizes
the acidity of the urethra
and lubricates the urethra
before ejaculation.
 The Penis
➢It is a highly vascular cylindrical organ
composed of 3 masses of erectile tissue.

➢Two corpora cavernosa lie dorsally

surrounded together by thick fibrous tissue
capsule called tunica albuginea.

➢One corpus spongiosum, surrounded by

tunica albuginea. It encloses the penile urethra.

➢The penis has a root and shaft.

➢The root of the penis is formed of one bulb and

two crura.

➢The shaft is covered by skin, superficial fascia

➢The erectile tissue of the three corpora of the

penis consists of irregular cavities lined by
endothelium and separated by connective
tissue trabeculae.