IDEOLOGY

GENESIS TRUJILLO
PERFORMED BY

HANNAH ARENDT
VS KARL MARX

1- INTRODUCTION
Hannah Arendt and Karl
Marx were two of the most
influential thinkers of the
20th century. Both were
interested in ideology, but
their perspectives were
very different.
Arendt saw ideology as a
form of thought that
distorts reality to serve the
BELIEF ABOUT IDEOLOGY
interests of a group or
social class. She argued
that ideology is a form of Feature Hannah Arendt Karl Marx
domination, used to
control people and A way of Form of false
maintain the status quo. thinking that consciousness,
Marx, on the other hand, distorts reality which is
Definition of
to serve the created by the
saw ideology as a form of ideology
interests of a material
false consciousness, which
group or social conditions of
is created by the material
class. society.
conditions of society. He
argued that ideology is a Function of
form of oppression, which Domination Oppression
ideology
is used to keep people in
poverty and exploitation. Nationalism,
Examples of Capitalism,
racism and
ideology socialism
sexism

THE HUMAN HANNAH ARENDT

CONDITION
Believes that ideology is a form of totalitarian
"A system of ideas thinking, which denies the plurality of human
that purports to experience. Ideology reduces reality to a series of
explain the totality simple categories, which can be easily manipulated by
of human experience the powerful.
and thus distorts
reality to fit its own
premises."

IDEOLOGY IN ACTION
In Nazism, the ideology of racial
superiority was used to justify the
Holocaust.
In the Soviet Union, the ideology of
communism was used to justify political
repression and a planned economy.
- MANIFESTO OF THE KARL MARX
COMMUNIST PARTY
ideology is a form of false consciousness, which is
"The ideas of the ruling created by the material conditions of society. Ideology
distorts reality to serve the interests of the ruling
class are in all epochs the
class, which is the class that owns the means of
ruling ideas, that is to say, production.
the class which exercises
the dominant material
force in society is, at the
same time, its ruling class
in the realm of thought."

IDEOLOGY IN ACTION

In capitalism, the ideology of individualism teaches people

that they are responsible for their own success or failure.
This ideology helps justify economic inequality and poverty.

In colonialism, the ideology of racism teaches people that

people of color are inferior to white people. This ideology
helps justify the exploitation and oppression of colonized
peoples.

POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY
Political philosophy delves into issues related to power,
authority, freedom, legitimacy, among others. Power is the
ability of a person or group to influence the behavior of others.
Authority is the right of a person or group to exercise power.
Freedom is the ability of individuals to act in accordance with
their own desires. Legitimacy is the acceptance of power by the
governed.
In addition to examining political structures, political
philosophy seeks to understand the underlying values and
principles that guide political action; these values and
principles may be moral, religious, cultural, or ideological.
Political philosophy seeks to understand how these values and
principles influence the way people think about politics, and
the decisions governments make; philosophy should be an
active agent that seeks to transform rather than interpret, it
should not limit itself to describing the world, but should also
propose alternatives to improve it, it should contribute to
creating a more just, equitable and free society.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Marx, Karl, y Friedrich Engels. Manifiesto del Partido Comunista.

Londres: Penguin Books, 1967.
Marx, Karl. El Capital. Vol. 1. Madrid: Siglo XXI Editores, 2009.**
Arendt, Hannah. La condición humana. Barcelona: Paidós, 2005.
Arendt, Hannah. Los orígenes del totalitarismo. Madrid: Alianza Editorial,
2008.
Eagleton, Terry. Ideología. Una introducción. Buenos Aires: Fondo de
Cultura Económica, 2011.
Gellner, Ernest. Ideología. Barcelona: Península, 1995.
Thompson, Edward P. La formación de la clase obrera inglesa. Barcelona:
Crítica, 2012.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oUniets7VTs