E

NVI
RONME
NTALS
ANI
TAT
ION&PUBL
ICHE
ALT
HPROBL
EMS
(QB)

MCQ

1. Phy
sic
alc
ompone
ntoft
hee
nvi
ronme
nt(
wat
er/
vir
us/
ins
ect
/ani
mal
)

2. Bi
ol
ogi
cal
compone
ntoft
hee
nvi
ronme
nt(
pla
nts
/ani
mal
s/ba
cte
ria
/vi
rus
es/
ins
ect
s/r
ode
ntse
tc.
)

3. S
oci
alc
ompone
ntsoft
hee
nvi
ronme
nt(
cus
toms
/cul
tur
e/ha
bit
s/i
ncome
/oc
cupa
tion/
rel
i
gione
tc.
)

4. T
heme
ani
ngofs
ani
tat
ion(
thes
cie
nceofs
afe
gua
rdi
nghe
alt
h)

5. Wa
terr
equi
reme
ntf
orba
sicphy
siol
ogi
cal
pur
pos
es(
2li
ter
spe
rhe
adpe
rda
y)

6. Ade
qua
tewa
terne
ede
dfora
lldome
sti
cpur
pos
es(
150-
200l
i
ter
s/pe
rson/
day
)

7. Wa
stewa
terf
romk
itc
hen(s
ull
age)

8. Wa
terdi
si
nfe
cti
onme
thodwhi
chg
ive
sre
sidua
lpr
ote
cti
on(Chl
ori
nat
ion)

9. De
chl
ori
nat
ion(Re
mov
ese
xce
ssc
hlor
ine)

10.Amountofwa
terne
ede
dforba
cte
riol
ogi
cal
exa
mina
tion(250ml
)

11.T
het
estf
orde
tec
ti
ngdi
pht
her
ia(
schi
ckt
est
,)

12.T
hehe
adofhe
alt
hadmi
ni
st
rat
ioni
nthes
tat
e(DHS)

13.Qua
nti
tyofbl
eac
hingpowde
rfor1000l
i
tre
sofwa
ter
(2.
5gms
)

14.Re
tent
ionpe
riodofs
ept
ict
ank
(24hr
s)

15.T
heuni
tofr
adi
ati
on(
Roe
ntg
en)

16.Anout
bre
akofdi
sea
sei
nbi
rdpopul
ati
on(
epor
nit
hic
)

17.Appa
rat
usus
edf
orme
asur
ing
,re
gul
ati
nga
nda
ppl
yi
ngc
hlor
ineg
as(
chl
oronome
)

18.Or
hot
oli
di
net
esti
stof
indout(f
reec
hlor
inei
nwa
ter
)

19.S
ani
tat
ionme
ans
(sc
ienc
eofs
afe
gua
rdi
nghe
alt
h)

20.De
nguef
eve
rist
rans
mit
tedby(Ae
des
)

21.Wa
terpol
l
uta
nt(
Sewa
ge/
Eff
lue
nt/
che
mic
als
/pe
sti
ci
des
/ins
ect
ic
ide
set
c.)

22.Pa
risg
ree
nisus
edt
oki
l
l(a
nophe
lesl
arv
ae)

23.Qua
nti
tyofwa
terr
equi
redf
orc
hemi
cal
exa
mina
tion(
2lt
rs)

24.S
uit
abl
ewa
stedi
spos
alme
thodf
oras
mal
lca
mp(Bur
ial
)

25.Wa
stewa
terf
roms
ept
ict
ank
(Ef
fl
uent
)
26.S
urf
acewa
ter(
Ponds
/ta
nks
/ri
ver
s/s
tre
ams
/impoundi
ngr
ese
rvoi
r(a
rti
fi
ci
all
ake
s))

27.Boi
l
ingr
emov
es(t
empor
aryha
rdne
ss)

28.Ame
cha
nic
al/
art
if
ic
ial
vent
il
ati
on(
exha
ust
/Pl
enum/
bal
anc
ed/
airc
ondi
ti
oni
ng)

29.S
oli
dtha
tac
cumul
atea
fte
rdi
ges
ti
oni
nas
ept
ict
ank
(Sl
udg
e)

30.Hor
roc
k’sa
ppa
rat
usi
sus
edt
ode
tec
t(Chl
ori
nede
mand)

31.S
oftwa
ter(
Har
dne
ssl
esst
han100mg
/lt
r)

32.Di
seas
eassoc
iat
edwithi
mpr
ope
rex
cre
tadi
spos
al(wor
minf
est
ati
on/v
ira
lhe
pat
it
is
/pol
i
omy
eli
ti
s/di
arr
hoe
al
di
sea
se/c
hole
ra/t
yphoi
d)

33.Re
tent
ionpe
riodofs
ept
ict
ank(
24hr
s)

34.Di
sea
set
rans
mit
tedbys
andf
ly
(Ka
laa
zar
/or
ient
als
ore
)

35.Commondi
si
nfe
cta
ntus
edf
orwe
llpur
if
ic
ati
on(bl
eac
hingpowde
r)

36.Wor
ldwa
terda
y(Ma
ch22)

37.L
evel
spr
event
ion(
pri
mar
y(heal
thpr
omot
ion)
,s
econda
ry(
disabi
l
ityl
i
mit
ati
on),
ter
ti
ary(
ear
lydi
agnosi
sand
t
reat
ment)

38.Communi
tyl
atr
ine
(Sul
abhs
hauc
hal
aya
,)

39.Br
oadi
rr
iga
tion(
sewa
gef
armi
ng)

40.De
nguei
str
ans
mit
tedby
(Ae
des
)

41.Ca
usa
tiv
eag
entofc
hik
ung
uny
a(c
hik
ung
uny
avi
rus
)

42.Cl
ark
’spr
oce
ss(Addi
ti
onofl
i
me)

43.Ox
ida
tionpondi
sthedi
spos
alme
thodof(s
ewa
ge)

44.S
oapde
str
oyi
ngpowe
rwa
ter
(Ha
rdne
ss)

45.Ba
ckwa
shi
ngi
sre
lat
edwi
th(r
api
dsa
ndf
il
tr
ati
on)

46.S
li
ngps
ychr
ome
teri
sus
edt
ome
asur
e(Ai
rve
loc
it
y,At
mos
phe
ricpr
ess
ure
,Humi
di
ty,
Airt
empe
rat
ure
)

47.Ani
nst
rume
ntus
edt
ome
asur
eai
rve
loc
it
y(Ane
mome
ter
)

48.Ani
nst
rume
ntus
edt
ome
asur
ecool
i
ngpowe
rofa
ir(
kat
athe
rmome
ter
)

49.L
if
esa
vingmi
xt
uref
orde
hydr
ati
on(ORS)

50.S
afewa
ter(
Fre
efr
ompa
thog
ens
,fr
eef
romc
hemi
cal
s,
fr
eef
romc
oloura
ndodour
,)

51.S
ani
tat
ionba
rri
er(
bar
ri
erwhi
chs
epa
rat
ese
xcr
etaf
romc
ont
ami
nat
ionwi
thot
her
seg
.la
tri
ne)

52.I
mpor
tantf
unc
ti
onsofwa
ters
eal
(Pr
eve
ntst
hea
cce
ssoff
li
es,
pre
vent
sthee
sca
peoff
oul
gas
es)
 53.Pr
ote
ine
ner
gyma
lnut
ri
ti
on(k
was
hior
kor
/Ma
ras
mus
)

54.De
epwe
ll
sar
eta
pedf
rom(Be
l he1sti
owt mpe
rvi
ousl
aye
r)

55.T
ode
str
oya
llpa
thog
enswa
teri
sboi
l
edf
ora
tle
ast
(5t
o10)

56.T
empor
aryha
rdne
ssi
sre
mov
edby(
Boi
l
ing
/addi
ti
onofl
i
me/
addi
ti
onofs
odi
umc
arbona
te/
per
mut
itpr
oce
ss)

57.Re
qui
reme
ntofwa
terf
ordr
ink
ingpur
pos
epe
rhe
adpe
rda
y(2l
tr
s,)

58.S
afedi
st
anc
ebe
twe
enwe
lla
nds
our
ceofpol
l
uti
on(
50f
eet
/15mt
r)

59.Re
comme
nde
dma
ximumnoi
sel
eve
l(85dB)

60.Na
tur
alr
adi
ati
on(Cos
micr
ays)

61.Aba
tei
sus
edt
oki
l
l(Mos
qui
toeL
arv
ae)

62.S
tudyofa
rthr
opods
(Ent
omol
ogy
)

63.Chol
erai
sca
use
dby(
vi
bri
ochol
eraBa
cte
ria)

64.I
nsi
det
hes
ept
ict
ankpur
if
ic
ati
oni
sta
kespl
acema
inl
ybyt
hea
cti
onof(Ana
erobi
cba
cte
ria
,)

65.S
lows
andf
il
teri
sal
sok
nowna
s(Bi
ol
ogi
cal
fi
lt
er)

66.Wor
lde
nvi
ronme
ntda
y(J
une5)

67.WI
DALt
esti
sus
edt
ode
tec
t(T
yphoi
d)

68.Ani
nst
rume
ntus
edt
ome
asur
elos
sofhe
ad(
vent
ureme
ter
)

69.Ai
mofsewagepur
if
ic
ati
on(
1.S
tabi
l
izet
heor
gani
cma
tte
r.2.
Topr
oduc
eane
ffl
uentwhi
chi
sfr
eef
rom
pa
thog
ens)

70.Wat
erseal
(thedis
tanc
ebe
twe
ent
hel
eve
lofwa
teri
nthet
rap,
andt
hel
owe
stpoi
nti
nthec
onc
aveuppe
r
s
urf
aceoft
het r
ap)

71.T
hre
ecompone
ntsne
ede
dfora
nox
ida
tionpond(
alg
ae,
sunl
i
ghta
ndba
cte
ria
)

72.Backsi
phona
ge(
tha
tisf
oul
mat
eri
al
sma
ysuc
kedi
ntot
hee
mpt
ypi
pest
hroug
hle
akyj
oi
ntsi
nwa
terdi
st
ri
but
ion
sy
stem.)

F
il
li
nthebl
ank
s

1. Al
umr
emov
es.
..
..
..
..
.i
nwa
ter

2. Wor
lde
nvi
ronme
ntda
yison.
..
..
..
..
..
..

3. Ni
ghtbl
oodi
sus
ual
l
yta
kent
ode
tec
t..
..
..
..
..
..
.

4. Ade
epwe
llt
apst
hewa
terf
rom.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

5. Wor
ldwa
terda
yisobs
erv
edon.
..
..
..
..
..
..
.ev
eryy
ear
6. T
hes
tre
ngt
hofs
ewa
gei
sex
pre
sse
din.
..
..
..
..
..

7. T
hebe
stme
thodf
ort
hedi
spos
alofde
adi
s.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

8. .
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
l
atr
ine
sar
ebe
sts
uit
edf
orf
air
sandf
est
iva
ls

9. .
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
i
sac
ere
bra
lma
lar
ia

10.I
nsi
det
hes
ept
ict
ank
,se
wag
eispur
if
iedby
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.ba
cte
ria

11.Re
comme
nde
dma
ximuml
eve
lofnoi
sei
s.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

12.Goodqua
li
tyofbl
eac
hingpowde
rcont
aini
ng.
..
..
..
..
..
%ofa
vai
l
abl
echl
ori
ne

13.F
reer
esi
dua
lchl
ori
nei
nwa
teri
s.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

14.Ane
xampl
eofa
rti
fi
ci
alv
ent
il
ati
oni
s.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

15.Pi
st
iapl
anti
sre
lat
edwi
th.
..
..
..
mos
qui
to

16.Chy
lur
iai
sas
soc
iat
edwi
th.
..
..
..
..
..
dis
eas
e

17.Ve
ctorofy
ell
owf
eve
ris
..
..
..
..
..
..

18.Bl
ackwa
terf
eve
risac
ompl
i
cat
ionof
..
..
..
..
..
.di
sea
se

19.Be
stme
thodf
orhos
pit
alwa
stedi
spos
ali
s.
..
..
..
..
..
..

20.Ot
herna
meofs
lows
andf
il
teri
s.
..
..
..
..
..
.

21..
..
..
..
..
..
..
i
same
thodf
orc
ombi
neddi
spos
alofr
efus
eandni
ghts
oil

22..
..
..
..
..
..
..
i
sal
i
fes
avi
ngmi
xt
ureofde
hydr
ati
on

23.E
xce
ssi
nta
kef
luor
idec
aus
es.
..
..
..
..
..
..
.

24.Va
cci
nesa
rek
epta
tthet
empe
rat
ureof
..
..
..
..
0Ct
o..
..
..
..
.0C

25.L
yss
avi
rusi
sthec
aus
ati
vea
gentof
..
..
..
..
..
dis
eas
e

26.Mi
ni
muma
irs
pac
einas
ept
ict
anki
s.
..
..
..
..
..
..

27.Mi
ni
mumf
loora
ref
orape
rsona
spe
rhous
ings
tanda
rdi
s.
..
..
..
..
..
.

28.Ba
ckwa
shi
ngi
sre
lat
edwi
th.
..
..
..
..
..
typeoff
il
ter

29.Ve
ctorofpl
aguei
s.
..
..
..
..
.

30.He
ightofpa
rape
twa
lli
s.
..
..
..
.t
o..
..
..
..
..
..
.c
m

31.Ana
dve
rsee
ffe
ctofnoi
sei
s.
..
..
..
..
..
..
.

32.Ve
ntur
ime
teri
sus
edt
ome
asur
e..
..
..
..
..
.

33..
..
..
..
..
..
i
sthepr
imes
our
ceofa
llwa
ter
34.S
cabi
esi
sca
use
dby
..
..
..
..
..

35.E
qui
pme
ntus
edt
odr
il
lbor
ehol
ela
tri
nei
s.
..
..
..
..
.

36.L
ighti
sme
asur
edi
nte
rmsof
..
..
..
..
..
..
.

37.Uni
tus
edt
ome
asur
elos
sofhe
adi
s.
..
..
..
..
..
.

38.F
reer
esi
dua
lchl
ori
nei
nwa
teri
s.
..
..
..
..
..
.

39.Ac
cept
abl
enoi
sel
eve
linal
i
vingr
oomi
s.
..
..
..
..
..
..

40.T
her
ete
nti
onpe
riodofs
ept
ict
anki
s.
..
..
..
..
..
..
.

41.Al
aye
rfor
medont
opoft
hes
andbe
disc
all
ed.
..
..
..
..
..

42.Ha
rdne
ssofwa
teri
sex
pre
sse
dint
ermsof
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

43.Hy
drome
teri
sani
nst
rume
ntt
ome
asur
e..
..
..
..
..
..
..

44.Ve
ctoroff
il
ari
ali
s.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

45.Hook
wor
minf
est
ati
oni
str
eat
edwi
th.
..
..
..
..
..

46.Pa
tte
rson’
sfi
l
teri
s.
..
..
..
..
..
..
.

47.E
qui
pme
ntus
edt
ome
asur
eanda
ppl
ychl
ori
nei
nac
orr
ectdos
agei
s.
..
..
..
..
.

48.pHv
alueofwa
teri
s.
..
..
..
..

49.Qua
nti
tyofwa
terr
equi
redf
orphy
sic
ale
xami
nat
ioni
s.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

50.S
uit
abl
ewa
stedi
spos
alme
thodf
oras
mal
lca
mpi
s.
..
..
..
..
..
..
.

51.Ot
herna
meofr
api
dsa
ndf
il
teri
s.
..
..
..
..
..
.

52.S
odi
umpe
rmut
iti
sal
oos
ecompoundof…………,
……………….
And……………

53.Bi
car
bona
tesof………….
&………….
.ca
use
ste
mpor
aryha
rdne
ss

Na
met
hef
oll
owi
ng

1. T
hea
readr
aini
ngi
ntot
her
ese
rvoi
r

2. Ha
nse
n’sdi
sea
se

3. Ame
cha
nic
alv
ent
il
ati
on

4. Di
sea
sec
aus
edbyt
heus
eofKe
sar
iDha
l

5. Wa
tert
apsf
rombe
lowt
hef
ir
sti
mpe
rvi
ousl
aye
r

6. Ahous
ehol
dwa
terpur
if
ic
ati
onme
thod
7. Ar
atpoi
son

8. T
hewr
ongs
ounda
tthewr
ongpl
acea
tthewr
ongt
ime

9. Chl
ori
nat
edl
i
me

10.Wa
stewa
terf
romt
hec
ommuni
tyc
ont
aini
ngs
oli
dandl
i
qui
dex
cre
ta

11.S
tudyofa
rthr
opod

12.Che
mic
alus
edt
ore
mov
ebot
hte
mpor
arya
ndpe
rma
nentha
rdne
ss

13.Ca
usa
tiv
eor
gani
smofl
epr
osy

14.Onet
ypeofme
cha
nic
alv
ent
il
ati
on

15.Adi
sea
set
rans
mit
tedbys
andf
ly

16.Ana
dve
rsee
ffe
ctofnoi
se

17.Mi
ni
mumf
loora
reaf
orape
rsona
spe
rhous
ings
tanda
rds

18.Ve
ctorde
nguef
eve
r

19.Ca
usa
tiv
eor
gani
smofAI
DS

20.Ac
rippl
i
ngdi
sea
seduet
othec
ons
umpt
ionofk
esa
ridha
l

21.Na
meoft
hec
hlor
inet
abl
etma
nuf
act
ure
dbyBoot
sCompa
ny

22.T
hel
i
qui
dwhi
chpa
sse
soutoft
hes
ept
ict
ank

23.Ani
mal
hos
tofJ
.E

24.Commonl
yus
edwa
terc
oag
ula
nt

25.Adi
sea
set
rans
mit
tedbyAe
desmos
qui
to

26.S
uit
abl
ela
tri
nef
orf
air
sandf
est
iva
ls

27.T
hec
ombi
nat
ionofs
mok
eandf
og

28.Ca
rbona
teha
rdne
ss

E
xpa
ndt
heAbbr
evi
ati
ons

1. MPO

2. BOD

3. AI
DS

4. MDT

5. MDA
6. DHS

7. DMO

8. PRAI

9. DDT

10.NE
ERI

11.BI
S–Bur
eauofI
ndi
anS
tanda
rds

12.CPCB

13.RCA

14.E
PI

15.VDRL

16.UI
P

17.S
ARS

18.NI
CD

19.NRHM

20.WBT
i(wor
ldbr
eas
tfe
edi
ngt
rendsi
ni
ti
ati
ve)

21.PE
M

22.I
CTC

23.I
LR

24.RT
I

25.HT
H

26.UNI
CEF

27.DOT
S

28.E
LIS
A

29.MMR

30.I
DSP

31.PPM

32.BCG

33.BHC
34.PHE
D

35.T
DS

36.I
CMR

37.I
DRV

38.WHO

39.I
PHS

40.VVM

41.PAH(
Pol
ynuc
lea
rAr
oma
ticHy
droc
arbons
)

Ma
tcht
hef
oll
owi
ng

1. Col
dcha
ine
qui
pme
nt - Da
yca
rri
er,
IL
R,e
tc.

2. S
ept
ict
ank - Ma
nhol
e,e
tc.

3. Re
fus
e - S
ani
tar
yla
ndf
il
l
,Inc
ine
rat
or,
etc

4. Hotf
erme
nta
tionpr
oce
ss - Compos
ti
ng

5. Ac
ti
vat
eds
ludg
epr
oce
ss - S
econda
ryt
rea
tme
nt

6. F
ootc
andl
e - I
nte
nsi
tyofl
i
ght

7. OTt
est - F
reer
esi
dua
lchl
ori
ne

8. I
nfl
uenz
a - Pa
nde
mic

9. E
ntomol
ogy - Ar
thr
opode
s

10.S
tra
ydog
s - Ra
bie
s

11.Hous
edr
ain - S
ewa
ge

12.Ai
rcondi
ti
oni
ng - Ar
ti
fi
ci
alv
ent
il
ati
on

13.Ca
tchme
nta
rea - I
mpoundi
ngr
ese
rvoi
r

14.T
yphoi
d - Ca
rri
ers

15.Wa
ters
eal - RCA

16.Al
um - Coa
gul
ati
on

17.S
urf
acewa
ter - Ponds
,La
kes
,et
c

18.F
loc
cul
ati
on - Ra
pids
andf
il
ter

19.Vi
tal
lay
er - S
lows
andf
il
ter
20.Re
cyc
li
ng - Pl
ast
ic

21.L
andt
rea
tme
nt/
broa
dir
ri
gat
ion- S
ewa
gedi
spos
al

22.Pa
risg
ree
n - Anophe
lesl
arv
ae

23.Vi
tami
n.A - Ni
ghtbl
i
ndne
ss

24.Br
eakpoi
nt - Chl
ori
nat
ion

25.T
empor
aryha
rdne
ss - Ca
lci
umbi
car
bona
te

26.Pi
g - J
E

27.BOD - S
ewa
ge

28.S
yphi
l
is - S
TD

29.Cul
exf
ati
gans - F
il
ari
a

30.T
rans
pla
cent
alt
rans
mis
sion - HI
V/AI
DS

31.Ra
pids
andf
il
ter - Ba
ckwa
shi
ng

32.Ve
ntur
ime
ter - S
lows
andf
il
ter

33.He
pat
it
is
.B - Cont
ami
nat
edne
edl
e

34.Ca
rbonmonox
ide - Ai
rpol
l
uti
on

35.Apr
il7 - Wor
ldhe
alt
hda
y

36.L
ini
ng - S
ani
tar
ywe
ll

37.Ca
ndy
’sf
il
ter - Ra
pids
andf
il
ter

38.Hor
roc
k’sa
ppa
rat
us - Chl
ori
nede
mand

39.Ni
ghtbl
oods
urv
ey - F
il
ari
asi
s

40.Rode
nt - l
etpos
pir
osi
s

41.Rode
nti
ci
de - Z
incphos
phi
de/
bar
iumc
arbona
te

42.Pi
st
iapl
ant - Ma
nsoni
a

43.Cl
ark
’spr
oce
ss - Addi
ti
onofl
i
me

T
rueorF
als
e

1. T
het
erme
nvi
ronme
nta
lsa
nit
ati
oni
snowbe
ingr
epl
ace
dbyt
het
erme
nvi
ronme
nta
lhe
alt
h.

2. Wa
ters
eal
pre
vent
sthee
sca
peoff
oul
gas
es

3. Cl
eani
ngoff
il
terbe
dins
lows
andf
il
tr
ati
onpr
oce
ssi
sknowna
sba
ckwa
shi
ng
4. Boi
l
ingr
emov
espe
rma
nentha
rdne
ss

5. L
eadi
sana
irpol
l
uta
nt

6. L
epr
osyi
str
ans
mit
tedt
hroug
hai
r

7. Boi
l
ingg
ive
sre
sidua
lpr
ote
cti
on

8. S
lows
andf
il
teri
sef
fi
ci
entf
orr
emov
alofba
cte
ria

9. Goi
teri
sca
use
dbyt
hede
fic
ienc
yofi
odi
ne

10.Anophe
lesi
sre
spons
ibl
efors
pre
adi
ngDe
ngue

11.S
ampl
esofwa
ters
houl
dnotc
ont
ainE
.col
ii
n100ml

12.Pr
ese
nceofc
oli
for
mba
cte
riai
nwa
teri
ndi
cat
esf
aec
alc
ont
ami
nat
ion

13.Chi
kung
uny
aca
nbepr
eve
nte
dbya
cti
vev
acc
ina
tion

14.Ha
rdne
ssbe
low100mgi
sre
gar
deda
sha
rd

Oneort
wos
ent
enc
es/
def
ini
ti
ons

1. E
nvi
ronme
nta
lsa
nit
ati
on

2. Ca
tchme
nta
rea

3. S
afea
ndwhol
esomewa
ter

4. T
woi
mpor
tantf
unc
ti
onsofwa
ters
eal

5. E
ffl
uent

6. S
ewa
gef
armi
ng/
Broa
dir
ri
gat
ion/
Landt
rea
tme
nt

7. L
athy
ris
m

8. S
hal
l
owwe
ll

9. De
epwe
ll

10.E
nvi
ronme
nta
lsa
nit
ati
on

11.Col
dcha
in

12.Hotf
erme
nta
tionpr
oce
ss

13.Chl
ori
nede
mandofwa
ter

14.Pa
ste
uri
zat
ion

15.S
afea
ndwhol
esomewa
ter

16.Ai
rcondi
ti
oni
ng
17.S
ludg
e

18.S
ull
age

19.S
ewa
ge

20.Wa
ters
eal

21.S
ani
tat
ionba
rri
er

22.Col
dcha
in

23.Wa
ters
eal
Lat
ri
ne

24.Ba
ckwa
shi
ng

25.Chl
ori
nede
mandofwa
ter

26.S
afewa
ter

27.Z
oog
lea
lla
yer
/vi
tal
lay
er

28.T
wodi
sea
sess
pre
adbyr
ode
nts

29.Or
thot
oli
di
net
est

30.T
woma
jorS
TDs

31.Di
rec
tchl
ori
nat
ion

32.Ba
see
xcha
ngepr
oce
ss

33.Bi
ol
ol
ogi
cal
tra
nsmi
ssi
on

34.Out
bre
ak

35.I
nfe
cti
on

36.S
ani
tat
ionba
rri
er

37.E
radi
cat
ion

38.Ba
lanc
edv
ent
il
ati
on

39.Z
oonos
is

40.T
empor
aryha
rdne
ss

41.Chl
ori
nat
edl
i
me

42.Noi
se

43.Me
dic
ale
ntomol
ogy

44.F
reer
esi
dua
lchl
ori
ne
 45.Di
ff
usi
on

46.Da
yli
ghtf
act
or

47.E
ffl
uent

48.Boi
l
ing

49.Na
tur
alv
ent
il
ati
on

50.T
urbi
di
ty

51.S
mog

52.Di
rec
tcont
act

53.Me
cha
nic
alt
rans
mis
sion

54.Bi
ol
ogi
cal
tra
nsmi
ssi
on

55.Ca
rbona
teha
rdne
ss

56.Gr
eenbe
lti
nai
rpol
l
uti
on

57.Ha
laz
onet
abl
et

58.Al
um

59.Di
sea
sest
rans
mit
tedt
hroug
hswi
mmi
ngpool
s

60.Pr
esumpt
ivec
oli
for
mte
st

S
hor
tnot
es

1. Ac
ti
vat
eds
ludg
epr
oce
ss

2. Re
mov
alofha
rdne
ss

3. Mos
qui
toc
ont
rol
mea
sur
es

4. Compos
ti
ng

5. S
ani
tar
ywe
ll

6. Ma
jornut
ri
ti
ona
lpr
obl
ems

7. He
alt
hef
fec
tsofa
irpol
l
uti
on

8. Re
mov
alofha
rdne
ss

9. Nut
ri
ti
ona
lpr
obl
ems

10.Compos
ti
ng

11.Mi
ni
mums
tanda
rdsr
equi
redf
orahous
e
12.S
ani
tar
ywe
ll

13.Chl
ori
nat
ion

14.Ha
rdne
ssofwa
ter

15.We
llc
hlor
ina
tion

16.Ox
ida
tionpond

17.Rode
ntc
ont
rol
mea
sur
es

18.Col
dcha
ins
yst
em

19.Cont
rol
l
edt
ippi
ng

20.E
ffe
ctsofnoi
see
xpos
ure

21.Adv
ant
age
sofg
roundwa
ter

22.Adv
ers
eef
fec
tofpoorhous
ing

23.Di
sadv
ant
age
sofha
rdne
ssofwa
ter

24.He
alt
hha
zar
dsofi
mpr
ope
rex
cre
tadi
spos
al

25.S
our
cesofa
irpol
l
uti
on

26.E
ffe
ctsofa
irpol
l
uti
on

27.Pr
eve
nti
ona
ndc
ont
rol
ofa
irpol
l
uti
on

28.Doubl
epotme
thod

29.Ar
ti
fi
ci
alv
ent
il
ati
on

30.Col
dcha
ins
yst
em

31.F
lyc
ont
rol
mea
sur
es

32.RCAl
atr
ine

33.Rode
ntc
ont
rol
mea
sur
es

34.Cont
rol
mea
sur
esofc
hol
era

35.Ant
ila
rva
lme
asur
es

36.Compos
ti
ng

37.Wor
kingofas
ept
ict
ank

38.Ox
ida
tionpond

39.Ma
jorhe
alt
hpr
obl
emsi
nIndi
a
 40.We
llc
hlor
ina
tion

41.Di
rec
tchl
ori
nat
ion

42.Hor
roc
k’sa
ppa
rat
us

43.S
ani
tat
ionme
asur
esofas
wimmi
ngpool

E
ssa
y

1. Wha
tisr
efus
e?E
xpl
ai
nva
riousme
thodsofr
efus
edi
spos
al.

2. Ra
pids
andf
il
tr
ati
onpr
oce
sswi
thf
lowc
har
t

3. S
lows
andf
il
tr
ati
onpr
oce
ss

4. E
xpl
ai
nthehe
alt
hha
zar
dsofi
mpr
ope
rex
cre
tadi
spos
al.
Dis
cus
sdi
ff
ere
ntme
thodsf
ore
xcr
etadi
spos
al.

5. E
xpl
ai
nma
jorpubl
i
che
alt
hpr
obl
emsi
nIndi
a

6. Pur
if
ic
ati
onofwa
teronas
mal
lsc
ale

7. Wr
it
einde
tai
lther
equi
reme
ntsofas
ani
tar
ywe
lla
ndt
hes
tepsf
orwe
llc
hlor
ina
tion

8. De
scr
ibet
hef
eat
ure
sofs
ani
tar
ywe
lla
nds
tepsi
ndi
si
nfe
cti
on

9. De
scr
ibewor
kingofas
ept
ict
ankwi
tht
hehe
lpofadi
agr
am

10.Wha ti
shardne
ssofwat
er?Wri
teindet
ail
typesofhar
dne
ss,
caus
esofha
rdne
ss,
mea
sur
eme
ntofha
rdne
ss,
di
sadvant
agesofhar
dnes
sandremova
lofhardness
.

11.Ma
jorc
ommuni
cabl
edi
sea
sepr
obl
emsi
nIndi
a.

12.Ar
thr
opodsofpubl
i
che
alt
himpor
tanc
e.Wr
it
einde
tai
ll
if
ecy
clea
ndc
ont
rol
mea
sur
esofmos
qui
to.

13.Li
stmaj
or5vect
ors(
art
hropodsofme
dic
ali
mpor
tanc
e).
Wri
tedowndi
sea
sec
aus
edbyt
hema
ndc
ont
rol
measur
esoft
heseve
ctor
s.

14.Mos
qui
toe
s

a
.Li
fec
ycl
e

b. T
ype
s

c
. Cont
rol
mea
sur
es