Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1. After all you had to drink last night, I'm surprised you don't have a ____________.
2. The bar is a favourite ______________ for students.
3. A ______is a traffic accident involving several vehicles that hit each other.
4. Sally had been recovering well from her operation, but yesterday she experienced/suffered a ____________.
5. When drugs were found in her luggage, she claimed it was a ____________.
6. Many other hospitals have also been forced to cut the number of operations they perform and ______________
clinics offered.
7. He and his government were lurching towards an angry _________with their critics.
8. The ________________of the discussions is that there will be no layoffs.
9. Parents are largely responsible for providing the right environment so that their children grow up happy, balanced
and free from ___________. Look at Sarah. She is embarrassed of her nose- she believes it is too big.
10. A combination of lax discipline and hostile attitudes on the part of both parents encourages very aggressive and
poorly controlled behaviour in their ____________.
Robert Capa, the famous photojournalist and co-founder of Magnum Photos, was born in Budapest in 1913. A talented, self-taught
photographer, Capa started working for a publishing house when he was just 18 while still studying journalism at a Berlin university.
During the 1930s, he and many of his student companions became involved in the political upheaval in Hungary. Arrested for his
activities, then released through his father's intervention, Capa was subsequently banished from Hungary.
In 1931, Capa relocated to Berlin, where he studied political science. He also found a job as a darkroom assistant at one of Germany's
leading photo-journalism agencies, Dephot. Less interested than others in the diplomatic rows which characterized most news
photography, Capa took advantage of Dephot's advanced cameras and fast film (which allowed shots to be taken in darkness) to
hone his photographic talent for capturing human drama.
With the rise of Hitler in 1933, Capa moved to Paris. During his first years there, Capa worked mainly on local photo stories. It was
not until 1936 that he got his big break. He was sent to cover the Spanish Civil War and, as a result, his work started to appear
regularly in top magazines and newspapers. It was his picture of a Loyalist soldier falling to his death which brought him international
repute and became a powerful symbol of war. This work was an emotional investment for Capa, as he sympathised with the plight of
the workers, trade unions, socialists and poor who made up the anti-fascist Republicans.
Capa had gone to Spain with his lover and fellow war photographer Gerda Taro, who was also passionately anti-Fascist. In 1937, aged
26, Taro was seriously injured when a tank ran into her on the frontline. She died the next day in hospital. Following her death, Capa
moved to China for a year, then emigrated to the US. He worked in New York for a while, but on the outbreak of World War II
returned to Europe for photographic assignments and stayed there for six years.
Capa's photographs of the Normandy invasion became some of the most memorable war photographs in history. Capa waded with
the 34,250 troops onto shore at Omaha Beach. He spent an hour and a half under fire taking photos of the soldiers around him in the
surf, many of whom died. His four rolls of film were taken to the offices of LIFE magazine in London to be processed, but some of the
film was destroyed in a darkroom accident and from the rest only eleven images came out successfully. These images, which came to
be known as the Omaha Eleven are grainy and blurry, and capture the frenetic feel of the action on the beach that day. Capa later
received the Medal of Freedom Citation for his work.
Capa’s job as a war photographer often put him in great personal danger, but despite the risks his motto was always: ‘If your pictures
aren’t good enough, you aren’t close enough.’ However on 25 May 1954, Capa’s luck ran out. He was working on an assignment for
LIFE magazine in French Indochina when he stepped on a land mine. He was killed instantly.
Today Robert Capa is considered one of the finest war photographers of all time. He was an exceptional photojournalist who used his
camera to express and record the horror of the events around him. Not surprisingly Capa hated war, especially his often passive role
in it. ‘It’s not always easy to stand aside and be unable to do anything except record the sufferings around one,’ he said.
3. Capa wasn't supposed to be using Dephot's photographic equipment to take his own photos.
o True
o False
o Does not say
4. Capa moved to Paris because he wanted to work on local photo stories there.
o True
o False
o Does not say
5. Capa's life was in danger on several occasions when he covered the Spanish Civil War.
o True
o False
o Does not say