Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4A 2 Equations of Straight Lines

Name: __________________________ Class: __________( )

Lesson Worksheet 2.1 (Intensive)

(Refer to Book 4A P.2.6)

Slope and Inclination

Inclination y
For a straight line L with inclination  (where   90): L
slope of L = tan 
 is the angle measured anticlockwise  
from the positive x-axis to L.
x
O

Example 1 Level 1
Find the slope of L with inclination 40°, correct to 3 significant figures.

Solution

Slope of L = tan 40°

= 0.839, cor. to 3 sig. fig.

Instant Drill 1.1

Find the slope of L with inclination 75°, correct to 3 significant figures.

Solution

Slope of L = ( )

Instant Drill 1.2 Instant Drill 1.3

Find the slope of L, correct to 3 significant figures. Find the slope of L, correct to 3 significant figures.
y y
L
L

x
O
x 125°
32° O

Solution
Solution

© Oxford University Press 2023 P.1 4A02 Lesson Worksheets 2.1 (Intensive)
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4A 2 Equations of Straight Lines

 Exercise 2A (P.2.21) 1(a), (b)|

© Oxford University Press 2023 P.2 4A02 Lesson Worksheets 2.1 (Intensive)
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4A 2 Equations of Straight Lines

Example 2 Level 1
Find the inclination  of L, correct to 3 significant figures. y
L


x
O
slope = 1.2

Solution
tan  = 1.2
 = 50.2°, cor. to 3 sig. fig.

Instant Drill 2.1

Find the inclination  of L, correct to 3 significant figures. y L


x
O
8
slope =
3

Solution
tan  = ( )

Instant Drill 2.2

Complete the following table. (Give the answers correct to 3 significant figures.)

Inclination Slope
(a) 15°
(b) 68°
(c) 0.2
(d) 6.5

 Exercise 2A (P.2.21) 1(c), (d)|

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Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4A 2 Equations of Straight Lines

© Oxford University Press 2023 P.4 4A02 Lesson Worksheets 2.1 (Intensive)
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4A 2 Equations of Straight Lines

Example 3 Level 1
Find the slope and the inclination of the straight line L passing through P(5 , 3) and Q(1 , 2).
(Give the answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)

Solution
Slope of L
3−(−2 )
=
5−(−1 )
5
=
6
Let  be the inclination of L.
5
tan  =
6
 = 39.8°, cor. to 3 sig. fig.
∴ The inclination of L is 39.8°.

Instant Drill 3.1

Find the slope and the inclination of the straight line L passing through A(4 , 1) and B(3 , 2).
(Give the answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)

Solution
Slope of L

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Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4A 2 Equations of Straight Lines

Instant Drill 3.2

Find the slope and the inclination of the straight line L passing through A(9.5 , 1) and B(6 , 8.5).
(Give the answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)

Solution

Instant Drill 3.3

Find the slope and the inclination of the straight line L passing through the points A(3 , 3) and the origin.

Solution

 Exercise 2A (P.2.21) 2, 3|

© Oxford University Press 2023 P.6 4A02 Lesson Worksheets 2.1 (Intensive)
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4A 2 Equations of Straight Lines

Example 4 Level 1
In the figure, the straight lines L1 and L2 are perpendicular to each other. y
(a) Find the inclination of L2.
(b) Find the slope of L2. L1
150°
(Leave the radical sign ‘ √ ’ in the answer.) O
x
L2
Solution
(a) With the notations in the figure,
y

L1
150°
 x
O
L2
 + 90° = 150°  ext. Ð of △
b
 = 60° a a+b

∴ The inclination of L2 is 60°. ext. Ð of △

(b) Slope of L2 = tan 

30° 45° 60°
= tan 60°
= √3 sin 
1
2 √2( )
1 or √ 2
2
√3
2

cos 
√3
2 √
1
(
2
or )
√2
2
1
2

tan 
√3 ( )
1 or √ 3
3
1 √3

Instant Drill 4.1

Refer to the figure. y
(a) Find the inclination of L2. L1 L2
(b) Find the slope of L2.
105
(Leave the radical sign ‘ √ ’ in the answer.) 135
x
O
Solution
(a) Mark the inclination  of L2 in the figure on the right.

© Oxford University Press 2023 P.7 4A02 Lesson Worksheets 2.1 (Intensive)
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4A 2 Equations of Straight Lines

Instant Drill 4.2

Refer to the figure. y
L1 L2
(a) Find the inclination of L2.
(b) Find the slope of L2, correct to 3 significant figures. 42

Solution 105
x
O

Instant Drill 4.3

Refer to the figure. y
L1 L2
(a) Find the inclination of L2.
(b) Find the slope of L2.
x
115 O

Solution 110

 Exercise 2A (P.2.21) 4, 5|

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Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4A 2 Equations of Straight Lines

 Challenging Question 
In the figure, straight lines L1, L2 and L3 intersect at the same point. y
L1 L2
Denote the acute angle between L2 and L3 by . L3
(a) Find the inclination of L2.
(b) If the slope of L3 is 0.5, find , correct to the nearest degree.  78
132
x
O
Solution

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Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4A 2 Equations of Straight Lines

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