Contents unit Focus 1 Revision of tenses W: Review 2 Talking about the future We Personal letter 3 Adjectives W: Advertisement 4 Reported speech W: Review Sub-topic The simple present The simple past ‘The present continuous The simple future Be going to The simple future Be going to The present continuous ‘The simple present ‘Comparative adjectives (Not) as + adjective + as ‘Superlative adjectives Reporting verbs Reporting statements Review 1 (Units 1—4) W: Email 6 Question phrases W: FAQ 7 Nouns ESMGein W: Diary 8 Talking about amounts Ws Informative article 9 Indefinites and reflexives We Account “Type 0 conditionats ‘Type | conditionals How-question phrases, Wh-question phrases Special singular and plural nouns Subject-verb agreement A lot of, much, many, little and few Enough and not enough Too much, too many, too little and too few Some-, any- and no- words Reflexive pronouns Review 2 (Units 5-9) 10 The past continuous W: Story 11 Connectives FREES We Letter to the editor W= Optional short writing Statements, YesiNo-questions Revision: connectives introduced in Book 1 Connectives of sequence Pairs of connectives Page 10 | 28 | 36 40 56 66 4Bridging Uni Focus Sub-topic Page 12 Relative clauses + Relative pronouns 100 + Defining relative clauses em Non-defining relative clauses 13 The passive voice + The simple present 108 W: Nows report + The simple past + The simple future + Be going to Review 3 (Units 10-13) 116 14 The present perfect + Statements 120 + Yes/No-questions W: Progress report 15 Modal verbs [ESGREGg] © - Talking about ability We Formal letter + Asking for and giving permission + Making and replying to requests, 16 Adverbs + Comparative adverbs W: Account + (Wot) as + adverb + as + Superlative adverbs 17 Words and phrases + Parts of speech 146 We Email + Prefixes and suffixes + Collocations 18 Sentences + Sentence structures 156 W: Interview form + Question tags Review 4 (Units 14-18) 164 Final Review (Units 1-18) 168 Appendix 1: Verb table 174 Appendix 2: Forming tenses 77 Appendix 3: Punctuation 179 Appendix 4: Collocations 183 Appendix 5: Useful expressions 185i d “ Revision of tenses “ fe0o [ap \N¢ > % GD) | PSPS F IF IIZDIDIVDI DDD ALS | Hiliso, Hope you are well. Trecently went to Webster Centre, the new shopping centre in Central. It opened two ‘weeks ago and I think it will be very popular. As you know I never go shopping at the weekend. I prefer to go on weekdays in the early evening. Fewer people shop at that time, So I went there after work on Thursday. I usually go shopping with Janice but she is working evenings at the moment so I went alone. Hopefully she will switch to days ‘again soon, Anyway I am going to visit there again next Tuesday. Would you like to Join me? All the best, Annie We use tenses depending on the In Book 1, we learnt about the simple present in Unit 2, the simple past in Unit 4 and the present continuous in Unit 6. We also learnt to talk about the future in Unit 10. we we are referring to — the present, the past or the future. Usage | The simple present ‘We use the simple present to refer to present events in the following situations. + Repeated events or habits Henry often. his grandparents. ‘They usually play tennis at the weekend. We often use the simple pres adverbs of frequency such as always, usually, ofte and never. ‘sometimes. seldom (CE) rents commer Butsep fr Seda Seen tsk 2+ Facts or things that are generally true The sun rises in the east. Water does not freeze at 10°C. + Current situations that might change later My father works in a bank. Ryan lives in Kowloon Tong. The simple past We use the simple past to refer to events that happened at a specific time in the past. Most verbs have a regular past tense (ending in -ed) but there are also irregular ones, e.g. make > made, see > saw. See Appendix I for alist of common irregular verbs and their simple past forms. re Past Present Future Anew clothes shop opened near my school last week. | saw that art exhibition yesterday but I did not like it. Frage | We often use te simple past wit ime expressions such as esterday. last week/month/vear, a few hours/days/vears aga and in 2000, The present continuous We use the present continuous to refer to present events in the following situations. LO LL ed Past Present Future + Something that is happening right now Tom ing in the garden. He is reading a book. Is it raining now? ‘Something that is temporary and happening around now Mary is trying to lose weight so she is not eating rice at the moment. We often use the present continuous with time expressions such as now, at present and ar the moment + Describing photos or pictures There are ten people in the picture. Some are having a barbecue and some are playing card games. mA Unit 1 Revision oftenses [3ple future ‘We use the simple future (will + the base form of the verb) in the following sit lations. + When we make a decision at the time of speaking Itis a long walk. | will take a taxi Kathy will have the noodles with roast pork. ‘+ When we make a prediction about the future (usually with think) | think we will win the league this year. Mum thinks about twenty people will come. + When we talk about promises and offers Dad, will you take me to Ocean Park? Bob will walk my dog during my holiday. Be going to We can also use be going fo to talk about the future. + When a decision or plan is made before the time of speaking 1am going to do my project on Sunday. Alvin is not going to buy a new laptop because his old one still works fine. + When there is evidence of a sign that somethin; Look at those clouds. It is going to rain. That ladder is not safe. The woman is going to fall off of it. | co Pan Lloyds Grammar Bue: or Secondary Stents Book 2 cely to happenComplete the sentences by choosing one of the options in brackets. 1, That is John over there, He__i8 wearing __(wears /is wearing) a blue shirt. 2. Sometimes we__ (walk / are walking) to school. 3. Sandra (is working / works) part-time in a bookshop for a few weeks. 4, Joanne is in the park. She (is playing / plays) table tennis. 5. Even ifitis very cold, Peter never (wears / is wearing) gloves. 6. usually drink tea with my breakfast, but today 1 (drink / am drinking) coffee. ‘Martin lives in Seoul and he (is loving / loves) the food there. What you (do...wear / are...wearing) in this photo? Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the simple present or simple past. 1, Last week Lily ___Prctised__(practise) the piano every day. Nowadays Anna (prefer) shopping in small shops because she finds the service better. 3. John dropped his ball and then (cun) after it into the street. 4, Debra (play) on the school basketball team two years ago. 5. Now that I have time I (cook) lunch for myself every day. 6. ssually walks to work but yesterday he (take) the bus. 7. Michael is a taxi driver. He usually (start) work at 7 am, 8. Don’t forget your umbrella. Tt (rain) a lot in August. jibe epee| CE) rant Some of the underlined words in these sentences are wrong. Write the correct answer in the space on the right when necessary. If the underlined word is correct, put a tick (V) in the space, 1. Last Sunday I buy a new pair of glasses. bo 2. What time did you came home last night? 3. David often gets home late in the evening. 4, You should try Walton Shoes. They are having a good selection of shoes. 5. IWisraining all day yesterday. 6. Leannot help you right now. I did my homework. 7. Grace : Where's Linda? Johnnie: She's in the living room. She watched TV. 8. Mark started working at Dixons a month ago and he really enjoyed his job. Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box. Write the letters (AH) in the spaces provided. A. is working in the shop in Canton Road. | B. am going to visit my friend in hospital. CC. will go and visit him, D. are going to eat in a restaurant. E, are eating in a restaurant F_am looking for a lat. G. rented a small fat H. ate in a restaurant 1. Wendy just called to say that Joseph is in hospital so 1 c 2. Jessica usually works in this shop but this week she 3. 1 just moved here so I 4, Yesterday they had no food at home so they 5. Leannot help you this evening. | 6. They usually eat at home but next Saturday they 7. Joe and Maria are not at home. They 8. Two years ago when they lived in London they yar Build-up for Secondary Students Book 2Read the description. Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the simple present, simple past, present continuous, simple future or ‘be going to”. Peter Li added 3 new photos — at @ Walker Street P Yesterday 5:35 pm @ Walker Street is one of my favourite places for shopping. On the corner of Davis Road is The Book Shelf. Although nowadays I (1) buy (buy) most of my books online, I still @ (ike) to go to The Book Shelf to look through the books. I went there last week and (3) (buy) a few books and was surprised to see a notice saying they @) ____ (lose) next month, Next to The Book Shelf is Electronies World. This (5) (open) three months ago and they (6) (sell) all kinds of electronic goods, such as computers and cameras. This week there is a sale there and they (7) (sell) tablets at 30 per cent off. 108) (buy) one later today. 1 (9) (save) up to buy a camera too. Ithink 1(10)____ (have) enough by the end of the year. Another shop I like is Brendan Shoes. | always (11) (buy) my shoes there, although the last time 1 bought some shoes there I (12) (return) them because they hurt my feet. Like « Comment + Share Dis 0 poopie tke this ts Rovsonettenss 7)Read the conversation. Choose the best option to complete each blank and circle the correct letter. ‘Tracy: (1)__ you busy this weekend? Roy : Well on Sunday 1__@)_my mum around the house. 1__(3)_her last week that would do that, I'm free on Saturday. Why do you ask? ‘Tracy: There’s a big art exhil n in Central Park and earlier this morning my uncle _(4) me, two free tickets, “That sounds interesting. Does your uncle__(5)_ for Central Park? Ob no. He is an artist and he __(6)_twenty of his paintings on display. Actually he @ with us this week, What kind of things does he paint? ‘When he was younger, he__(8)_ people, but now he also (9) __pictures of the countryside, They are really beautiful. The exhibition opens at 10 am. Roy + OK.1__(10)__ you up at 9:45 am, Tracy: Actually Lalways__(I1)__ tennis on Saturday morning so let’s make it 10:30 am, Roy : OK.1__(12)__ you at 10:30am, 1. @) Are 2. A. am going to help 3. A. will promise B. Were B. help B. am promising Gt C. helped C.promised 4. AL will give 5. A. works 6. AL had B. gave B, work B. has | C. is giving C. worked C. is going to have | 7. AL stays 8. A. paints 9. A. paints | B. stayed B. painted B. will paint Cis staying CC. will paint ©. painted 10. A. pick 11, AL will play 12. A. will see B. am going to pick B. am going to play Sears | CC. will pick Cc. play C saw | ce Pan Loyts Grammar Suldup for Secondary Students Book 2Wrap-up A text type in 3 TSA Writing ~ = | Read the following review. Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the simple present, simple past, present continuous, simple future or ‘be going to’. | Tjust (1) (get) back from Macron, a ‘ (not / keep) |» any clothes there apart from ones that you try on. They @ (Keep) all their clothes at their _ | warehouse about 100 kilometres away so the rent is a lot cheaper there, 1 ig you try on the clothes, decide what you want to buy and they = 6) ___ end) them to you. 1 and you do not have any 3 |<) shopping bags to carry. That is really useful, Last month 1 (6) (go) - ; shopping and (7) Cleave) one of my bags on the bus. Thad to gotothe lost and found office to get it. Anyway because they have no stock the clothes at Macron || are not expensive at all and they are really great. When ~ | | Twas there I made a decision. I (8) (buy) all my clothes at Macron in future. 1 spoke to the manager and th sis what he said about, “We (9) (open) two more stores this year and .. We think this kind of (look) at possible locatior shop (11) (become) very popular in the future.” : Ido not have time to write more details about their clothes so I (12) e in or near Diamond Hill, 1 | <1 (write) about that another time. However, if you iggest “4 ~ | you visit Macron, You (13) (not / be) disappointed. - wi gee ~! be fess Write a short review of a shop or shopping centre that you like. Write about 100 words. |. | ~ Hint; Write about where it is, what kind of shop/centre it is and why you like it (the selection, ~t fe prices, service, etc.). You can describe your latest shopping experience there. Use the ~i bend correct tenses. wed Useful expressions for the "You try’ sectionLod Talking about the future Carol and Steve are talking on the phone. Carol: _ Hi Steve. This is Carol. Steve: Hi Carol, Are we still going to the cinema this evening? Carol: Yes, but the reason I called is that David is in hospitel. Steve: What? Carol: He hurt himself playing football. Anyway I'm going to see him this afternoon. Will you join me? Steve: Of course. Carol: I'm going to take the bus at 1:30 pm. Steve: OK.I'll meet you at the bus stop before 1:30 pm. Are you going to take him ‘anything? Carol: Oh,I didn't think of that. I know, I'll take him some chocolate. He loves chocolate. ‘Steve: _In that case I'll take him some other sweets. By the way, what time does the film start this evening? | Carol: It starts at 6:20 pm. We can get the bus back that leaves at 4:30 pm. Steve: OK. See you soon In Book 1 Unit 10. we learnt two ways to talk about the future — the simple future and be going 10. We ‘can also use the present continuous and the simple present to talk about the future. Usage The simple future We use the simple future (will + the base form of the verb) in the following situations. + When we make a decision at the time of speaking Itis cold in here. | will close the window. It just started raining, | won't go for a walk. + When we make a prediction about the future (usually with think) | think this will be an interesting project. Will you be able to eat all of the food you ordered? (70. Panny Gramiar Buin for Secondary Steen Sack 2 =+ When we talk about promises and offers, Trtebnecinmytonenet,iwitwaehitedsten — | will carry that backpack for you \ Be going to q ‘We can also use be going f0 to talk about the future, + When a decision or plan is made before the time of speaking Paul is going to wear his new shirt tonight. Sally isn't going to join the Drama Club because she has exams soon. + When there is evidence or a sign that something likely to happen Look at how fast Jenny is running. She is going to win the race. Look at all that traffic. It’s not going to be a short journey. he present continuous We sometimes use the present cont nuous for fixed arrangements in the near future. The details of the plan, e.g. the time or place, are usually giver Kate has decided to sell her flat. She is moving to a new flat in the same building this Sunday. (Kate has made a plan for where and when to move.) vs Kate has decided to sell her flat. She is going to move to a new flat. (The decision is made but the details of the plan are not yet confirmed.) ‘See Appendix 2 for the verb form of the present continuous. The simple present ‘We can also use the simple present to talk about scheduled events in programmes or timetables. We often. use it with times and dates. The film starts in five minutes. Teen Sport When does the sale at Teen Sport finish? I don’t have violin practice tomorrow morning. “y po unt2 tara atournotiane [497Complete the sentences by choosing one of the options in brackets. What is Ken doing with that ladder? He __is going to___ (will /is going to) change the bulb in the Do you want orange juice or apple juice? 1 (am going to / will) have orange juice please. 3. Mark : What are your plans for the weekend, Jessie? Jessie : On Saturday Helen and | (are going to / will) bake a cake. 4, Andy : Ohno, We are out of milk. Jane: No problem. 1 (will /am going to) get some at the supermarket. 5. Sophia: Why are Sandy and Jim taking English lessons? Henry : Because they (ill / are going to) visit England this summer. 6. Mike : Can you give this book to Tony when you see him this evening? Sue: 1 (am not going to / will not) see him this evening. [ have to study. 7. Bob : When (vill Ronald /is Ronald going to) leave hospital?” Eric: Tomorrow morning at ten. 8 Fiona: Why is Dad wearing a suit and tie? Mum: Because he {is going to / will) have an interview for a new job this, afiernoon. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the present continuous or simple present. 1 Tean’t meet you this evening. 1__a play (play) tennis. This train (leave) in two minutes. 301 (go) to Jackson Shopping Centre after school. Why don’t you come too? What time the film, (finish)? Cindy: (not / study) this evening. She is too tired. ) Thave to lose weight. I (go) ona diet next week. Gra plane (arrive) at 9:30 tomorrow morning. ea awe When the art show (start)? Is it tomorrow? Pan Lloyés Grammar Build-up fr Secondary Students Book 2EericeS Choose the best option to complete each blank and circle the correct letter. 1. Ifyou do not have time, it for you. @®wittao B. do C. am doing 2. Sam does not usually work at weekends but this week he all day Saturday. A. is working B. works C. is not working 3. Ihishot outside so 1 a sweater. A. do not wear B. am not going to wear C. am wearing 4, According to the timetable, the next Ferry il 6:30 pm. A. leaves B. does not leave C. will leave 5. Connie: My printer isn't working, Justin: Really? Joe to take a look at it. A. get B. am getting C. will get 6. Peter: See you this Sunday at my party, Lisa. Lisa : Sorry, but I ean’t make it on Sunday. 1 my grandmother in hospital. A. will visit B. am going to visi C. visit 7. Alan : Are you taking your thick coat with you? Emily: Yes. According to the weather forecast, i very cold in Tokyo next week, A. is going tobe B. C. is being 8. Jenny: just spilt my drink on the floor. Paul: Don't worry. 1 itup. A. clean B. am cleaning . will clean 9. Sarah: Are you having a long meeting today? Brian: Yes. We until seven. A. don't finish B. finish C. are going to fini 10, David: Shall we go and see the latest Marvel movie tonight? Tracy: Sure. 1 anything tonight. A. am going to do B, am not doing C. won't do Unt 2 Taking about the ttre CyRead the online chat. Fill in the blanks using the correct form of ‘be going to” or ‘will? with the correct verbs in the box. seo _help move ask work —ihave”——~=iget~—~=~*C‘iive Messenger _ _ | Meg Active now THU 6:37 PM Hi Meg. | called you yesterday but you didn’t answer. a) _am going 10 eae | bought a new one a few weeks ago and looked at lots of phones. you me find a good one? <= ‘Sure. Can we do it in the morning as | (3) ‘on my project in the afternoon? “ 5 ‘OK. What is a good shop to go to? we | got mine at Jordan Electric in Soy Street. We could meet there. % at 10:30 am. By the way, did you hear that Paul and his ask him about it. He is very excited about it. He says he (7)___a big party before he leaves. When you talk to Paul, (8) him exactly when he is leaving? you “Ve.) Pan oye amma Bip or Secondary Ses Book2N€.9X] To James Wong, Lily Chan, Helen Lee Subje Our picnic [Ba] Hung shing Yeh Beach (1) [Gq] Hung shing Yeh Beach (2) Hello all, The four of us (1) are going (g0//are going) on a picnic on Lamma Istand this Sunday. My uncle suggests we go to the most famous beach — Hung Shing Yeh Beach. Thave attached two photos of the beach taken by my uncle. heard from Linda. She (2) {is coming / comes) back on Sunday but her plane (3) (arrives / doesn’t arrive) until L pm so she can’t make it. All of us (4) (are bringing / bring) our own food and we can share things. The ferry to Lamma Island (5) (leaves /is leaving) at 11:10 am. Let’s meet at Pier 4 in Central no later than 11 am, ‘One other thing, 1 (6) 7 (am meeting / meet) Charles Wu on Friday evening, He (7) (visits / is visiting) Hong Kong for a few days. His plane @) (get / gets) in at 3 pm on Thursday. Come and join us if you are free. ‘That's all for now. See you on Sunday. All the best, Alexeae) Read the conversation. Choose the best option to complete each blank and circle the correct letter. Jeff: Hi Wendy. Come in, Would you like a hot drink? I have tea or coffee, \ | | Wendy: 1 _ tea please Jet: And__@) _you__@)_astice of cake? My mum made it. I's i | delicious. Yes please. I never say no to cake. So is your cousin here? No. She ___®__ tomorrow. Wendy: — you __)_hrerat the airport? Jeff: Yes. Dad__©)__so he can’t make it, but Mum and 1_(©_there. Its a long flight from Toronto so I think she __(7)_preuty tied. | Wendy: I'm sure she will be, And how long__(®)_she_(8)_9 i Jeff For three weeks. [| Wendy: Do you have any plans for her? | Jeff: Not really, although we (9) __ the dragon boat races this weekend, | Wendy: That sounds fun. 1_@®)_you it that's OK. | {Jef + Sure. Let’s go together. Oh, I forgot your tea.1_@)_ it now. 1. A. amgoing to have 2. A. will...have 3. A. isn't going to arrive will have B. are...having B. is arriving C. have CC. do...have Cc. arrive 4. A. Are...goingtomeet 5A. isn't working 6. A. won'tbe B. Do...meet B. will work B. willbe C.Is...meeting C. isworking Care 7A is 8. A. dovs...stay 9. AL watch B. is being B. g to stay B. are not watching C. willbe C.am...staying C. are going to wateh 10. A. join 1. AL make B. will join B. am making C. am joi CC. will make Ce) on Loyd Gamma Bul. for Secondary tides Book 2Wrap-up Read the following letter. Fill in the blanks by choosing one of the options in brackets. Dear Joe, Glad to hear you are, well and enjoying life in Sai Kung, Thank you for inviting me to next week but I (1) ___won't be for my mum. As you know, she is an artist and a new gallery (3) (is opening / will open) on that day. She “ (shows /is going to show) some of her recent paintings. A lot of important people in the art world (5) (are / are going to be) there. She ‘wants all the family to be there too. ‘The gallery (6) (open / opens) at I am. 1 think 1 a {am / will be) there all day until it (8) (closes / will close) at 5 pm, After that the owner of the gallery (9) (is taking / takes) us out for dinner. nd whe (Do...g0/ Are...going) to (am nots Rachel’s birthday party on 17 February? Unfortunately I (11), won't be) there as it is also my grandfather's birthday. He (12) will bbe /is) seventy so itis a special one. Your friend invited you to a party or an event but you are unable to go. Write a short letter responding to him or her. Write about 100 words. Hint: Say thank you to your friend and suggest getting together another day. Try to use different ways to talk about the future.Adjectives here are many clever students in the class but Mandy is the cleverest. She lee gets the best result in exams. However, when it comes to sport, Mandy is not as good as some of the other students. She is not the slowest runner because Fiona and Brenda are slower. When it comes to tennis, Mandy is the worst player in the class. She is worse than all the other students. Rose is Mandy's friend. Rose is almost as intelligent as Mandy but she is much better at sport. I fact she is one of the fastest runners in the class. She is much quicker than Mandy. Both Rose and Mandy are attractive but Rose is probably more attractive. But for Rose and Mandy the most important thing is that they are good friends. In Book | Unit 8, we learnt that adjectives are words that describe things or people, and many of them end in -ed or -ing. We also learnt how to put adjectives in order when we use more than one of them before a noun or noun phrase. ‘We can compare two (groups of) things or people using comparative adjectives. Katy is younger than Jane. Sue's dress is more beautiful than Brenda's. We can compare three or more (groups of) things or people using superlative adjectives. This is the thickest book | have ever seen. Miss Ho is the most experienced teacher in our school. Usage Comparative adjectives ‘We use comparative adjectives to compare two (groups of) things, people or places. We put sha before the second thing, person or place. John’s car is older than Eric's. Michael is taller than Leo. an oy Grarmar Bf econ Sot Book 2We do not always include the second thing, per (on or place if it is clear what we are referring to. eel better now than-before. Today is much cooler than-yesterday. = (ee {XGA comparative adjective. f Jane has become a bit thinner after going on a diet for a week. ‘We can put comparative adjectives before a noun (N) or noun phrase (NP). You can't find a better phone anywhere. Ad ON Mum bought a larger pair of shoes for me. Adj NP We form the comparative of short adjectives in different ways. Short adjectives have one or two syllables, e.g, fat (one syllable) and heavy (two syllables). Mita Woah uh ] Most short adjectives add er dark > darker short > shorter Short adjectives ending in -e | add r large > larger wise > wiser Short adjectives ending ina | delete y and add ier early > earlier happy > happier consonant + -y Short adjectives ending ina | double the consonant | big > bigger thin > thinner vowel + a consonant and add er (except w ory) (slow > slower grey > greyer) Some irregular adjectives | add letters at the end _| far > farther/further change some letters little > less. many > more change to another word | bad > worse good ~> better We add more before adjectives with three or more syllables. This film is more exciting than the one | watched last month. My laptop is more expensive than yours. We can either add er at the end or add more before some two-syllable adjectives, Never use both. clever > cleverer / more clever polite > politer / more polite (x more cleverer) (x more politer) iisamam CYWe can use less instead of more before adjectives to give the opposite meaning. The maths test is less difficult than the English test. (= The English test is more difficult than the maths test.) Tony is less friendly than Henry. (= Henry is more friendly than Tony.) (Not) as + adjective + as Another way to compare two (groups of) things. people or places is to use (not) as + adjective + as. ‘When the things, people or places are the same in some way, we add as before and after the adjective to describe them, This chair is as comfortable as that one. Emily is as kind as Julie. When the things, people or places are different in some way, we can use the negative form nor as + adjective + as to describe them, This question is not as easy as you think. Alan is not as hard-working as his sister. Superlative adjectives We use superlative adjectives to compare three or more (groups of) things, people or places. We put the before the superlative adjective. Nathan Road is the busiest road in Kowloon, Sarah got the highest mark in the maths exam. In the same way that we can omit them when we use comparative adjectives, we can also omit the thing, person or place if itis clear what we are referring to. All the children in the Chess Club are good players but Victor is the best player. Keith won the 100-metre race because he was the fastest runner.‘We form the superlative of short adjectives in a very similar way to the comparative. sas whe sienna! consonant + -y su Most short adjectives add est dark > darkest short > shortest Show adjectives ending ine | addr large > largest wise > wisest Shor adjectives ending na [delete yand add esr | early > earliest happy > happiest Short adjectives ending ina | double the consonant | big > biggest thin > thinnest vowel + a consonant and add est (except w ory) (slow > slowest _grey > greyest) Some irregular adjectives | add letters at theend _| far > farthest/furthest change some letters litle > least many > most change to another word | bad > worst good > best We add most before adjectives with three or more syllables. Victoria Peak is a good place to see the most beautiful views in Hong Kong. This website shows the most popular languages in the world. a (x most cleverest) ( most pol We can either add estat the end or add most before some two-syllable adjectives. Never use both. clever > cleverest / most clever polite > politest / most polite litest) We can use least instead of most before adjectives to give the opposite meaning, This is the least interesting book on the list. (vs This is the most interesting book on the list.) Sandy chose the least expensive hotel for her trip. (vs Sandy chose the most expensive hotel for her trip.) wits aiees [287Cay Complete the sentences using the comparative form of the adjectives in brackets. Include ‘than’ if it is necessary. 1. Ben alien than) (all) Peter. 2. China is (big) Japan, 3. James caught an (early) tra 4. This testis Gifficutt) the last one, 5. Karenis (brave) Alice. 6. Andrew's essay (complete) Fred's. 7. Thailand is much (hot) Hong Kong. 8. Can you find mea (large) hammer? 9. Ihis much (quiet) when the children are in bed. 10. Mark has little time but Bob has even (ite), Look at the information about John and Amy. Write sentences using (not) as...as’ and the adjectives in brackets. John ‘Amy ‘Age 3 4 Height 155 cm 158 cm Weight 52kg a7 kg Number offriends | 6 6 | Exams: ‘Always gets good marks | Never gels good marks Music Plays no insiruments Plays piano and violin Their flat 2rooms 3 rooms Built in 2014 Built in 2014 not as old as Amy 1. (old) John (tall) John (many) John 2 3. (heavy) Amy 4 5. (clever) Amy 6. (musieal) John 7. (big) John’s fat , 8. (new) Amy's lat \[Saces ] Complete the sentences using the superlative form of the adjectives in brackets. 1. Bangkok is the largest (arge) city in Thailand. 2. The first question was (easy). 3. Russia is (big) country in the world, 4. Whois (popular) actor in Hong Kong? 5. Yesterday was (humid) day of the year. 6 (quick) way to get there is by train. 7. (exciting) race was the one with Wendy's team. 8. The weather was (disappointing) thing about our holiday. 9. All the students have many social media friends but Ben has, (many). 10. Mr Chan chose Albert as (good) student in his class. Bxebo4 Complete the sentences by choosing one of the options in brackets. 1. Ttis___more important___ (more important / the most important) to drive safely than to au early. Of the four maps Ken thinks his map is (the most accurate / more accurat Jenny is (taller than / as tall as) tis. They are both 150 em. 4. Atnearly 3,800 metres Mount Fuji (as high as / the highest) mountain in Japan. 5. [found Today and Tomorrow. (less interesting / the least interesting) tha Martin Claire's other books. 6. The food here today is not very good. It was much (the best / better) last time we came, 71. This is (worse / the worst) weather we have had in a long ti 8. (Fa was 1.5 kilometn ther / The farthest) John swam last ye 9. Sue isa good pianist but she is, (as good as / not as good as) Maria, 10. Victor is much (busier / the busiest) than he wa last year. 11. Ido not think the exam will be (as difficult as / more difficult) the one. 12, ‘That jacket costs nearly a thousand dollars. That is too much, Let's get this one. It (least expensive / less expensive).Read the online chat. Fill in the blanks using the comparative form of the adjectives in brackets. Include ‘than’ if it is necessary. poten —— - subsea pattem ntti Vivian Active now ‘SAT 11:05 AM Hi Vivian. Where shall we go shopping? Coco's Fashion? © % HiHelen. No way. That's (1) _pricier thau Tsim Sha Tsui. It's even (2)__ (expensive) Apri’s Fashion, (pricey) any other shop in f @ I disagree. | think F&C is (4) (good) for example. Hey. How about F&C? They have a sale on at the moment. © We went there a few months ago. Remember? They have a much oy (small) selection of clothes than any of the shops we went to. = fa 2 | forgot that. You're right. F&C is not a good idea. How about May's Boutique or ABC Fashion? Yes, they're both good but | would prefer ABC Fashion. Nis 6) (near) May's Boutique. It takes too long to get to May's Boutique. OK. Let's go to ABC Fashion. ly How do we get there? By bus? Or is taking the train (7) (quick)? fa & Taking the train is (8) (fast) because its(@)__ direct), OK. What's the weather like outside? Is it (10) (warm) yesterday? Very much so. It's quite a bit (11) (sunny). We don't need our sweaters. (20) Pontos Gamer ultra Soe ekRead the conversation. Fill in the blanks using the superlative form of the adjectives in brackets. Ales Alex Come in, Lisa. Sit down somewhere. That's (1) __the most comfortable _ (comfortable) chair. Thanks. Yes, it's very comfortable. Would you like some pineapple juice? My mum got it at that new shop in Tak Man Street and it really is (2) (delicious) pineapple juice. Yes please. s the Atlantic (3) (large) ocean? (long) river? 1 can never remember. Some people say the Nile. Others say the Amazon. It depends how you measure it And the last one, Which is (5) (big) country in Attica? In Africa? I have no idea. I thought you were (6) (clever) student in your class. Of course I'm not. I would say that Daisy is (7) ntelligent), 1 just looked it up. t’s Algeria. This really is (8) (boring) homework this term, This pineapple juice is really tasty. I's (9) (good) I've ever had. [Il ask my mum to get some. Mam says it’s not (10) (cheap) but it's worth it. Unit3 Adjectives Poon i 25Read the review. Choose the best option to complete each blank and circle the correct letter. Animal Life named Opal Zoo_(1)_ 200 in the country. Not because itis_@)_zo. In fact Opal Zoo is_(3)_several other zoos in the country. Lorimer Zoo, for example, has twice as many animals and Gresham Zoo is even__(4)_. The reason is the type of 5) __ creatures in the world’. And indeed you | onimals they have. Their motto is ‘We have | can see some very strange-looking animals there. In the aquarium for example, you can find the Dumbo octopus, whose habitat is oo (6) than any other octopus. It gets its name because of its V ° \ | ears. It looks like Dumbo, _(7)_ cartoon elephant. Gy 7 | se Then there is the gerenuk which, in the y j il Somali language, means giraffe neck. dr The gerenuk’s neck is__(8)_ many animals’ although “a (9) _agiratfe's neck. | Ifyou plan to spend the day at the zoo, | suggest you take your own food. The food in the two cafés isnot___(10)__food you will ever eat. And not only is the food not good, itis also (11) __ the food in the best restaurants in the country. Apart from the food, however, a trip to Opal Zoo is a great day out for the whole family. / 1 ‘A most interesting 2. A. more big 3. A. asbigas the most interesting B. the biggest B. notas big as more interesting C._ bigger CC. bigger than 4. A. largest . AL the strangest 6. A. the deepest B. more large B. the strange B. deeper C. larger C. astrangest C. not as deep as 7. A. more famous 8. A. longer than 9. A. aslongas B. the most famous B. more long than B. notas long as C. as famous as C. the longest C. longer than 10. A. more tastier 11. A. as expensive as B. more tasty B. not as expensive as C. the tastiest C. the most expensive = (26. Pantiyts Grammar Bulk-up for Secondary Students Book2Wrap-up — Read the following advertisement. Choose the best option to complete each blank and circle the correct letter. (2)__ clothes have (4)___ elsewhere 7 than that, And it’s not just about prices. We also have | something wrong with anything when you get home, we will repl ~ | | money back. You can’t be___(7)__ than that, jie | No other shop's selection of clothes is, This is one reason why Little Peter's is ay sistants are all experts on the clothes they sell and they = gues - {you will find. They are also__(14) ¥ = 1. @) the towest 2. A. lessexpensive than 3. A. more attractive ~ ¥ B. the lower B, not as expensive as B. the most attractive ~ G aslow as CC. most expensive CC. asattractive as - 4. AL more cheap 5. A. best 6. A. the worst : | BL cheaper B._ better B. the goodest 4 C. the cheapest C. more good C. the best 7 SS AL fairest 8. A. aswideas 9. A. as modern as ~ B. fairer B, not as wide as B. the modemest e ~)G. more fair C. the widest . the most modern 10, A. the most popular 11. A. more large 12. A. asbigas “ - B. more popular B. larger B. not as big as | ~ © Cas popular as C. as large as C. the biggest ~ (2513. AL the most helpful 14. A. the more polite . ©) B. more helpful than B, aspolite as © ~)C. the helpfullest C. the most polite Jason said that question was too difficult. “1 will do the housework tomorrow,’ Ada said to me. > Ada told me she would do the housework the next day. Usage Reporting verbs Apart from said and rold, here are some common reporting verbs. ‘add admit agree comment complain explain mention promise Sam admitted he broke the window. Keith complained that he was hot. We sometimes use thar aller the reporting verb, The meaning does not change without it Maggie mentioned (thal) she was going to take the bus.Reporting statements ‘When we report statements, we follow the rules below. Tae change the tense, e.g. + simple present > simple past + will > would + islamlare going 10 > washvere going to ‘We live in Aberdeen,’ said Chris. > Chris said they lived in Aberdeen. ‘1 will be late for dinner,’ Ken told us. ~ Ken told us he would be late for dinner. “The workers are going to paint the walls today,’ said Dad. ~ Dad said the workers were going to paint the walls that day. change the modal verbs, ¢.g. + can > could = must > had 10 ‘I can act,’ replied Ruby. > Ruby replied that she could act. ‘Jeff must work harder,’ said Sally. > Sally said Jeff had to work harder. ‘change the pronouns and the possessive adjectives, eg. + Myou > helshe + melyou > himlher + mylyour > histher + welyou > they + uslyou > them + owrslyours > theirs + this (pen) > that (pen) + these (apples) > those (apples) ‘My dad will take us to Ocean Park,’ said Amy. > Amy said her dad would take them to Ocean Park, ‘We visit our grandparents once a mont added Alice. > Alice added that they visited their grandparents once a month. ‘This wallet is ming,’ said Eric. > Eric said that wallet was his. change the expressions of time and place, and some verbs. eg + now > then * today > that day + tomorrow > the day after | the followinghnext day + tonight > that night + this (morning) ~> that (morning) + next (week) > the following (week) + here > there + come > go + bring > take ‘Itis going to rain tomorrow,’ said Joe. > Joe said it was going to rain the next day. ‘Iwill finish my homework tonight,’ promised Lily ~ Lily promised she would finish her homework that night. “Iris will bring some juice here,’ said Peter. ~> Peter said Iris would take some juice there.Change the sentences into reported speech using the reporting verbs in brackets. ‘aid Gr Grace told me (that) they lived in a small flat in Kwun Tong. 1. -We live in a small fat in Kwun Tong, (ell me) 2. “Tenjoy painting in my spare time,’ said Tony. (add) said Sandy. (comment) *You always beat me at tenr k tastes strange,’ said Vivian, (complain) 5. ‘Totten play video games with my friends’ said Andy. (admit) permarket near your house is closed,’ said Janet. (mention) 7. “These books are ours,’ said Daniel ind Angel. (tell me) 8. “Iwork in the post office now,’ said Paul. (explain) Change the sentences into reported speech using the reporting verbs in the box. Use each reporting verb at least once. tell add say promise explain men id Michael. ing to meet his friend the next day. 1. ‘Lam going to meet my friend tomorrow’ s Michael explained (that) he was ‘Lwill visit you this evening.” said Peter. 3. ‘You must put this cake in the fridge, £30_\ Pan Lioyds Grammar Build-up for Secondary Students Book 2help you today,’ said Brian. auline and Alex are going to join the Drama Club,’ said Joan. 6. ‘Ican easily solve these problems, said Nancy. 7. ‘We must get up early tomorrow.’ said Sophia. 8. ‘Iwill wait up for Ellen tonight,’ said Dad. Some of the sentences in reported speech below are wrong. Underline the mistake and write the correct answer in the space on the right when necessary. If the sentence is correct, put a tick (7) in the space. Los 'm not going to wear my coat, said Doris. > Doris said she wasn’t going to wear my coat. her 2, “June is very clever and speaks four languages.” added Mr Lee. > Mr Lee added that June is very clever and spoke four languages. ‘THI cut your hair tomorrow,’ promised Dad. > Dad promised he would cut my hair tomorrow. 4, *Katy must practise the violin this afternoon,’ said Miss Chan, > Miss Chan said Katy must practise the violin that afternoon. 5. ‘Lean’t find my new shoes,’ said Teresa. > Teresa said she couldn’ find her new shoes. 6. ‘We love our hometown,’ agreed Ryan. > Ryan agreed they love their hometown. 7. ‘Lwon't be late,’ promised Fiona, > Fiona promised she wouldn't be late, 8. ‘I'm going to post these letters,’ said Ben. > Ben said he was going to post these letters.Read the text messages. Fill in the blanks by writing the letters (A-H) in the spaces provided. Hi Kenny. You mentioned the other day that (1) c and you asked me if | knew anything about it. | told you 2) . | checked with him and he said (3) He complained that (4) and all the people there (5) He admitted (6) and he did not do positive reviews of such places. However, he told me some of the shops (7) He also added that (8) ‘Anyway, maybe we can visit there together one day. “5 And this is my uncle's review of the shopping centre hitoy/www.abe.net/blog/pos/037, EZ | too stn IS Honestly donot ike thi ie x centre. It is too... Pesan ing Centre ‘A. my uncle wrote reviews of shops on his blog B. had high quality goods at reasonable prices there were some good reviews of Happy Shopping Centre D. he had a low opinion of big, noisy shopping centres E. twas too big F. other shops set their prices too high he really did not like that shopping centre H. made too much noise (732) paniyéscrammar Bufo Saconday Students Book 2 ieRead the email. Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. e000 8 N€ 2X] To: All 2Aclassmates Subject: Our class picnic Dear all, Here are the results of my survey about our class picnic, Several students said we a hhad to do (must do) it in July because they (2) (will be) away in August. That is fine because, as a couple of students pointed out, there @ (will be) five weekends in July. And we agreed we (4)____ (0 going to have) the picnic on a Saturday, not Sunday, ‘Some students mentioned that they (5) (cannot make) the eighth as they © (be going to attend) an interschool event. I am waiting to hear from a couple of students about the first. They said they (7) (must check) with their parents. Raymond definitely cannot make the first. He explained that his grandparents ®) (be going to visit) that weekend. But he also said not to worry about him because we probably (9) (vill not find) a date that works for everyone, As for location most students prefer a beach. In fact some students said they (10) (will not attend) if we decided to have it in a country park or somewhere similar. T should have a definite date later in the week and will let you know then. All the best, Victor usa repomdsoeen (357Cages) Read the conversation. Rewrite the underlined parts of the conversation in reported speech. Amy : Hi Ivan, This is Amy. Ivan : Hi Amy. What's up? Amy : (1) E'm going to visit Greenfield Zoo on Friday. Do you want to come along? Ivan : Greenfield Zoo? (2) They have some interesting animals there, Or that’s what Jason told me. He went there a few weeks ago. i | finish the project by next week, I | | | i | | | Amy: I know. That’s why I'm going. (3) Lhave a school project about unusual animals, (4) Lmust. Ivan OK. (5) [Il join you, (6) Lean help you with your projec Amy: Thank you. (7) C1Lm at the 200 are pretty. expensive, Ivan : That sounds good, (9) LIL bring something to drink, Amy : Great. (10) I'm going to take the train, How about you? Ivan ¢ Me too. (11) The z00 opens at 10-am, (12) Ll. see you at Kowloon Tong Station at 9:20 am, Amy : Looking forward to it. (13) This will be our first visit to Greenfield Zoo, 4 a a 1, Amy told Ivan (that) she was goit Greenfield Zoo on Friday. 2. Ivan replied some interesting animals there. Amy explained a school project about unusual animals, 4. Amy said the project 5. Ivan agreed 6. Ivan added 7, Amy mentioned some sandwiches 8 Amy added 9. Ivan told Amy 10. Amy said 11. Ivan mentioned 12. Ivan said 13. Amy said (20) rents camnereutsnt ecnday Sets Bskfab Fee {va Wrap-up {A text type in 53 TSA Writing Read the following review. There are fourteen mistakes altogether, including the example. ~ | Underline the wrong use of reported speech, Write the correct answer above the mistake. I spent all day at the exhibition and spoke to a number of people. Everyone I spoke to, 1 ss and that all these artists showed a lot of talent, one person explained. if they can paint such pictures as teenagers, they would be able to do much better later in life \ One such artist, 18-year-old Richard Kwong, said he wants to be a full-time artist but my parents wanted me to go to college first. He said he was going to attend Art College ind his dream is to study in Europe, maybe in Paris. He added that he has to save up enough money first because he does not want to arrive in Paris with no money. Ee Write a short review of an exhibition that someone told you about. Write about 100 words. < ~ | Hint; Write about what kind of exhibition itis (art, toys, comics, food, ete.). Use reported speech <1 towrite about people's comments on the exhibition. ka(Units 1, 3) Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs or adjectives in brackets. Include ‘than’ if itis necessary. 1. Look at Jimmy. He is wearing (wear) the strangest (strange) shirt, 2. Last year Sandy (move) to Berlin, (big) city in Germany. 3. Pat: What a terrible fil Tom: You're right. But it was (good) the one we (see) last we: 4. Katy + I'm doing a project about the rainforest. It's interesting but a lot of work you (help) me with it? Alan Tt sounds a lot (interesting) my project. Henry: you (walk) to school every day? Mike : Yes. It's (quick) taking the bus. 6 Last year John (beat) Gary in every race but in yesterday's race they (finish) in the same time. So now Gary is (fast) John, ‘The weather this summer is 7. Look at the weather. It (rain) agi (bad) last summer. Alex : Do you have any plans for Sunday? Mary : Yes. (stay) home. The weather forecast says it’s going to be (cold) day of the year. [SerasA2 | Units 2,4) Complete the sentences by choosing one of the options in brackets. 1. Kelly : What is Dad doing with his toolbox? Mum ; He__is going to mend __ (will mend / is going to mend) the washing machine. ‘The workers said they (are going to cut / were going to cut) down those trees. Sue: Could you go to the supermarket and get me a chicken, some potatoes and some carrots please? Ben: Of course. What you (will... make / are...making)? an oye rar Bui or Secondary Suse's Book 2PIII IID IIIS 4. Sally told me she (cannot find / could not find) (my / her) phone so Lent her mine. 5. According to the timetable, the next bus (left / leaves) in an hour. Doctor: I'm just going to twist your hand a bit but don’t worry. It isn't hurting / won't hurd). 7. John is not happy. His dad told him he (must stay / had to stay) home and help with the housework. 8. Angela mentioned she was going to study (this / that) aftemoon, I cannot do this jigsaw puzzle. you (Will...help / Are...going to help) me please? 10. Tom said the service in Lucas Electronics (is / was) pretty bad and he (does not go / would not go) there again. i599 | (Units 1, 4) Read the report. Fill in the blanks by choosing one of the options in brackets. This is Melissa Chan and I am in Middle Park, the famous outdoor modern art exhibition. 1) am stand (stand / am standing) in front of a large piece of artwork and I @ (have / am having) no idea what itis. My friend Bric told me that if you (3) = (look / looked) at the artwork here long enough, you ) (could work / work) out what they were, Well, according to the caption, it is a motorbike on a sofa, Ei also (5) (is saying / said) that the most n called Pink Buildings and that 1 interesting part of the exhibition was the sect © (must see / had to see) it. Lam now in that section and indeed all the artwork is pink. 1 (7) Gust 20 / will just go) to the first one, It looks to me like a rubbish bin. With a giraffe next to it. The caption, however, informs me that it is a castle. 1 just spoke to a young couple and they said they (8) (visited / were visiting) from Brazil and that they (9) (could not believe / had to believe) \ how wonderful this exhibition was. Not everybody (10) (likes / does not \ like) modern art but I really do, Maybe because my mother (11) ro (will take / ook) me to a lot of modern art galleries when I was a child, At that time 1 (12) (did not like / would not like) it. But my mother predicted that one day 113) (was going to become / will become) a big fan of modern art, And she was right. Anyway I (14) = (go/ am going) back to my hotel now. After 15) (have / will have) something to eat, 1 (16) hot. (edit /am going to edit) the video 1 just ~ soins onwen [3Bosse e eens (Units 1, 3, 4) Read the conversation. Choose the best option to complete each blank and circle the correct letter: Jane: What are you up to? Nick : I just a) a programme about Mount Everest. It was very interest ng. Jane: Was it Q) the programme we watched last night about the Sahara? Nick: Absolutely. In fact it was even @) ‘They said that around 500 people (4) to the top each year, Jane: I know Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay (6) the first to climb it but when was that? Nick: They 46) that in 1953. At the time it was. @ accomplishment. And (8) you (8) who the first woman to climb Everest was? Jane : | know it was a Japanese woman but I don’t remember her name. I guess she’s (9) Hillary and Norgay. Nick: Right. They mentioned on the programme that most people ___(!0)__the name Hillary but few, (11)__ Junko Tabei. She climbed it in 1975. But even was the fact that she climbed the so-called seven summits. Jane: What are they? Nick : (23)____ mountain in each continent. Oh I forgot. Susan called and asked if we wanted to go round for dinner tomorrow. I told her 1_(14)__with you. Jane: Absolutely. Susan is a__15)_ cook than me. We always enjoy her meals. 1 watched ‘A. most interesting 3. A. less interesting B. will watch B. as interesting than B. more interesting C. am watching C. as interesting as C. as interesting as 4. A. climbed 5. AL is 6. A. willdo B. climb B. are B. do C. are climbing c. were c. aid 7. A. more amazing 8. A. 9. A. as famous as B. the most amazing B. B. more famous than C. as amazing as C. will...know C. not as famous as 10, A. will know 11, A. would name 12. A. as impressive as B. are knowing B. could name B. the least impressive Cc. knew c. ame C. more impressive 13. A. The highest 14. A. amchecking 15. A. better B. The higher B. would check B. best C. Highest C. amgoing to check C. the best (x6) Pan Uoyds Grammar Build-up for Secondary Students Book 2 Le