Pre-

Writing
techniques
AUTHOR

Muhammad Hussnain Khan

,
TABLE OF
CONTENTS

01 BRAINSTORMING

02 MIND MAPPING

03 MAKING A LIST
 brainstorming

INTRODUCTION
To brainstorm, start with a word or phrase or the topic of your essay. While brainstorming,
write down all the ideas that come to mind about the topic. For example, if you are
asked to write an essay on cellular service providers your ideas could be:

Cellular Service Providers in Pakistan Exercise-1

• Many service providers Choose one or two of the following

• Mobile number portability topics and brainstorm for 10 minutes.
• Users switching
• Pre-paid vs. post-paid • Automobiles
• Problems of credit loss for pre- • Family
paid users • Sports
• Availability all over the. country • Travel
• SMS popular among youngsters • Education
• Affordablity • Fashion
• Free services to attract users

1
 Mind Mapping

MIND MAPPING IS A TOOL FOR GENERATING IDEAS

AND CREATING LINKS BETWÈEN THEM. TO USE
TECHNIQUE, WRITE THE TOPIC IN THE MIDDLE OF A
PAPER. THEN DRAWA CIRCLE AROUND IT. NOW DRAW
LINES ROM THE CIRCLE AND WRITE YOUR IDEAS.
WHEN YOU HAVE FINISHED WRITING IDEAS AND
ESTABLISHING CONNECTIONS BETWEEN THEM, LOOK
AT THE MAP ONCE AGAIN TO CREATE NEW LINKS
BETWEEN IDEAS. HERE IS A MIND MAP ON THE TOPIC
'CELLULAR SERVICE PROVIDERS IN PAKISTAN.

2
Mind Mapping

THE MIND MAP WILL

CHANGE YOUR LIFE

TONY BUZAN
 Making a
list
OUTLINING
• Before starting to write your essay. develop an outline for your essay. A well
developed outline helps you to keep your writing focussed and organized. It also
helps you to separate your main idea from the supporting details. In an outline you
do not write complete sentences. You only write phrases or words to determine the
structure of the essay. Let us choose a point from the brainstorming example given
above to develop into an essay. We will first write our thesis statement: and
convenience". TWO key reasons for the popularity of mobile phones in Pakistan are
easy access and convenience”.

Reference : The Learner Communication Skills by Prof . Ghulam Mustafa Shahid