Methods Doing Social Research 4Th Edition Jackson Test Bank Full Chapter PDF

Methods Doing Social Research 4th
Edition Jackson Test Bank

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Test Item File for Methods,4/e, Jackson/Verberg
Chapter 8. A Statistics Primer
MC 8-1
Which of the following is not a measure of central tendency:
a. the mean
b. the mode
c. the z-score
d. the median
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 217-220
MC 8-2
The mean is a measure which constitutes:
a. a set of observations concerning one relationship

b. a set of observations concerning one variable
c. a set of observations concerning one population of variables
d. the average of many combined variables
Answer: B
Difficulty: Moderate
Page: 217
MC 8-3
The mean is calculated by:
a. squaring the standard deviation

b. determining the mid-point of a distribution
c. determining the category with the highest frequency
d. summing the values and dividing by the number of cases
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 218
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada 66

MC 8-4
The difference between the mean and the arithmetic mean:
a. the level of measurement

b. the number of cases handled
c. the distribution type
d. no difference
Answer: D
Page: 218
MC 8-5
The median represents the:
a. mid-point of the distribution

b. the average score of a distribution
c. the highest occurring frequency of a distribution
d. the ordering of cases, normally from highest to lowest
Answer: A
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 218
MC 8-6
Given 5 test scores (5, 8, 9, 3, 6), one can conclude that the:
a. median is 5
b. mode is 9
c. mean is 5
d. the range is 6
Answer: D
Page: 218

MC 8-7
Given the following numbers (6, 6, 5, 5, 3, 2) one can conclude that:
a. the mode is 5
b. the mode is 6
c. the mean is 5
d. the median is 5
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 219
MC 8-8
The range may be defined as a:
a. measure of central tendency

b. measure of dispersion
c. measure of regression
d. none of the above
Answer: B
Page: 220
MC 8-9
The standard deviation reveals the amount of:
a. dispersion in a distribution
b. average of many different variables
c. measure of variation in the dependent variable
d. regression towards the mean in a distribution
Answer: A
Page: 220-221

MC 8-10
The standard deviation is computed by:
a. squaring the sum of (x - mean)2

N
b. deriving the square root of (x - mean)2

N-1
c. deriving the square root of the average of (x - mean)2

Y
d. deriving the square root of the sum of (x - mean)2

N-1
Answer: D
Page: 220
MC 8-11
Once computed, the standard deviation reflects:
a. the standardized average score

b. the variability of a distribution
c. the standard range of a distribution
d. the amount of distribution regression
Answer: B
Page: 220

MC 8-12
The measure of variance is a:
a. measure of central tendency

b. measure of dispersion
c. more elaborate version of the standard deviation
d. none of the above
Answer: B
Page: 221
MC 8-13
To compute the variance, one must:
a. derive the square root of the mean

b. derive the square root of the standard deviation
c. square the mean and divide by N
d. square the standard deviation
Answer: D
Difficulty: Challenging
Page: 221
MC 8-14
A researcher will standardize data in order to:
a. facilitate comparison across different units

b. facilitate comparison across distributions
c. determine the regression toward the mean
d. determine the regression away from the mean
Answer: A
Page: 221

MC 8-15
Ratios permit comparison across different:
a. categories
b. units
c. medians
d. all of the above
Answer: A
Page: 224
MC 8-16
Given that the Canadian infant mortality rate is 8 deaths per 1000, and the American rate is 10
deaths per 1000, which of the following represents the American/Canadian infant mortality ratio:
a. 8/10
b. 1.25
c. .80
d. 1/1 or 1
Answer: B
Page: 225
MC 8-17
The proportion of male beavers in the beaver population would be computed by:
a. dividing the total number of beavers by the number of male beavers

b. dividing the total number of beavers by the number of female beavers
c. dividing the number of female beavers by the total number of female beavers
d. dividing the number of male beavers by the total number of beavers
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 222

MC 8-18
To represent the above proportion of male beavers as a percentage, one would:
a. divide the proportional total by the number of female beavers

b. multiply the proportion by 100
c. square the proportional amount
d. derive the square root of the proportion
Answer: B
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 222
MC 8-19
A normal distribution is typified by:
a. a symmetrical, bell-shaped curve

b. the mean, mode, and median values being equal
c. half of the cases will fall above the mean, half will fall below the mean
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 226
MC 8-20
Within a normal distribution, as the number of measurement units become finer, the distribution
curve will become:
a. elongated
b. rougher
c. oblong
d. smoother
Answer: D
Page: 227

MC 8-21
Within a normal distribution, what percentage of cases will fall within one standard deviation (+
and -) of the mean:
a. 50
b. 68
c. 95
d. 0
Answer: B
Page: 227
MC 8-22
Within a normal distribution, what percentage of cases will fall within 2 (+ and -) deviations from
the mean:
a. 50
b. 68.28
c. 95.46
d. 99
Answer: C
Page: 227
MC 8-23
A Z-score measures the distance of any value in a distribution:
a. from the mode

b. from the mean
c. from the median
d. from the regression line
Answer: B
Page: 227

MC 8-24
To compute a Z-score, which of the following formulas would one use:
a. (y - mean)
sd
b. (x - mean)
N
c. (x - mean)
sd
d. (x - mean)
y
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 227
MC 8-25
A distribution with little variation—a small standard deviation with respect to the magnitude of
variables—is said to be peaked and is referred to as:
a. bi-modal
b. platykurtic
c. leptokurtic
d. modal
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 232

MC 8-26
The Lambda statistic measures the:
a. proportionate adduction error

b. proportionate reduction rate
c. proportionate reduction in error
d. the regression toward the mean
Answer: C
Page: 236
MC 8-27
Lambda varies from:
a. -1 to 1
b. -1 to 0
c. 0 to 1
d. 0 to .5
Answer: C
Page: 237
MC 8-28
The higher the Lambda figure, the:
a. more error that is involved

b. more closely 2 variables are associated
c. less error that is involved
d. less closely 2 variables are related
Answer: B
Page: 237

MC 8-29
A linear equation is expressed by which of the following:
a. Y = a + bx
b. Y = a2 + bx
c. Y = Ax(b)
d. Y = Ax
b
Answer: A
Page: 238
MC 8-30
The correlation between x and y may be expressed as:
a. r2 = 1 - variation around y
variation around regression
b. r = 1 - variation around y
variation around regression
c. r2 = 1 - variation around regression

variation around the mean of y
d. r = 1 - variation around regression

variation around y
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 243

ES 8-1
Briefly define or describe what is meant by each of the following:
a) standardization
b) normal curve
c) standard deviation
d) bi-modal distribution
e) scatterplot
f) rate
g) mode
h) leptokurtic
i) regression line
j) measures of dispersion
Answer: SHORT ANSWER
ES 8-2
Define the different levels of measurement used in quantitative research. Provide an example of
a survey question that measures a variable at each level of measurement? Briefly indicate why
levels of measurement are important considerations in quantitative research.
Answer: ESSAY
ES 8-3
A school teacher has three math classes. She has the following mean and standard deviations for
the students’ I.Q. scores of each class. The teacher knows that she is more effective teaching
mathematics to a students who have similar ability levels. Without calculating the z-scores,
suggest which class (#1, #2, or #3) would you predict the teacher to be most effective with?
Explain and illustrate your choice.
Mean Standard Deviation

Class #1 108 24
Class #2 104 8
Class #3 110 15
Answer: ESSAY

ES 8-4
You have calculated the correlation coefficient (r) for the relationship between sports participation
and grade point average. Your r = .76. Interpret this statistic, and draw a scatterplot to graph what
your results would like. Explain the pattern on the scatterplot (i.e., say why the data points appear
as they do).
Answer: ESSAY
ES 8-5
A university is selecting graduate students for its Masters program from applicants with a
university degree. With transcript information provided by the former university, the Graduate
Selection Committee was able to assess the grades of each candidate by comparing them to the
grades of the students in their graduating class.
a. Why did they want to compare the applicants’ grades to the grades of their
classmates? Why would the z-score be a useful statistical tool for the Committee?
b. With the information provided below, calculate the Z-scores for the following two
candidates. The Z-score formula is: Z=(X-mean)/sd.
• Rosemarie Dumont average was 78. The mean for her class was 81 and the
standard deviation was 12.
• Linda Pacheco average was 78. The mean for her class was 69 and the
standard deviation was 4.
c. Advise the Graduate Selection Committee on which student should be accepted and
why.
Answer: ESSAY
ES 8-6
The correlation coefficient (r2) for the relationship between anxiety level and test scores is –.83.
Write a statement providing an interpretation of this statistic, and draw a graph to show what your
results would look like. Be sure to put write a title for the table and to label the axes.
Answer: Essay with graph

ES 8-7
The plot shown on Table 8.1 reveals the relationship between Years of Education and Age for an
occupational group. Outline the steps you could take to visually estimate: (i) the equation that
describes the relation between age and years of education for this group; and (ii) the correlation
coefficient for this relationship. Show your work and submit the plot with your examination.
Answer: ESSAY
Table 8.1 Plots of Relation Between Years of Education and Age of Employees.
22 _
E 20 _ *
D 18 _ * *
U 16 _ ****** ** *
C 14 _ ** ** *
A 12 _ ** ****** *** *
T 10 _ * * **
I 8_ ** * *
O 6_
N 4_
2_
0 ___________________________________
12 24 36 48 6

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Methods Doing Social Research 4th

Edition Jackson Test Bank

Chapter 8. A Statistics Primer

Which of the following is not a measure of central tendency:

The mean is a measure which constitutes:

a. a set of observations concerning one relationship

The mean is calculated by:

a. squaring the standard deviation

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada 66

The difference between the mean and the arithmetic mean:

a. the level of measurement

The median represents the:

a. mid-point of the distribution

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada 67

Given the following numbers (6, 6, 5, 5, 3, 2) one can conclude that:

The range may be defined as a:

a. measure of central tendency

The standard deviation reveals the amount of:

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada 68

The standard deviation is computed by:

a. squaring the sum of (x - mean)2

b. deriving the square root of (x - mean)2

c. deriving the square root of the average of (x - mean)2

d. deriving the square root of the sum of (x - mean)2

Once computed, the standard deviation reflects:

a. the standardized average score

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada 69

The measure of variance is a:

a. measure of central tendency

To compute the variance, one must:

a. derive the square root of the mean

A researcher will standardize data in order to:

a. facilitate comparison across different units

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada 70

Ratios permit comparison across different:

a. dividing the total number of beavers by the number of male beavers

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada 71

To represent the above proportion of male beavers as a percentage, one would:

a. divide the proportional total by the number of female beavers

A normal distribution is typified by:

a. a symmetrical, bell-shaped curve

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada 72

A Z-score measures the distance of any value in a distribution:

a. from the mode

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada 73

To compute a Z-score, which of the following formulas would one use:

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada 74

The Lambda statistic measures the:

a. proportionate adduction error

Lambda varies from:

The higher the Lambda figure, the:

a. more error that is involved

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada 75

A linear equation is expressed by which of the following:

The correlation between x and y may be expressed as:

c. r2 = 1 - variation around regression

d. r = 1 - variation around regression

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada 76

Briefly define or describe what is meant by each of the following:

Answer: SHORT ANSWER

Mean Standard Deviation

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada 77

Answer: Essay with graph