LG ACADEMY, RAU

SESSION 2023-24

BIOLOGY INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

Class XII (A)
TOPIC:-COMPARATIVE STUDY OF
CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT IN FIVE
DIFFERENT PLANT
SPECIES

SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY

Mrs.Raksha Parashar Ishta Pathak

 Certificate
LG ACADEMY, RAU
This is to certify that ISHTA PATHAK of class XII [A] has
successfully complete investigatory Project on the topic
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CHLOROPHYLL
CONTENT
IN FIVE DIFFERENT PLANT SPECIES under the guidance of
Mrs. Raksha Parashar during the year 2023-24 in the partial
fulfillment of the Chemistry practical examination conducted
by CBSE.

Signature of External Examiner Signature of Internal Examiner

Institution stamp Signature of Principal

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to sincerely and profusely thank my Biology teacher

Mrs. Raksha Parashar for his able guidance and support in
completing my project.

Last but not the least; I would extend my gratitude towards our
respected principal ma’am Mrs. VINITA BHATIA, all
teaching and non-teaching staff of LG Academy, RAU and
towards my friends who has supported me to complete this
project.

Name:- Ishta pathak

Class:- 12th [A]
 INDEX

S.NO. TITLE Page NO.

1 INTRODUCTION

2 Material required

3 Experimental procedure

4 Observation

5 Conclusion

6 Bibliography
 INTRODUCTION
Chlorophyll is a green photosynthetic pigment, it was
discovered in the year 1906. The chlorophyll molecule
consists of a cyclic structure composed principally of 4
pyrole nuclei containing magnesium at its centre. It is
anecessary pigment for photosynthesis as it absorbs the
light energy from sun and coverts it into chemical
energy in the plants. Chlorophylls can be classified into
3 types -Chlorophylls, Bacteriochlorophylls and
Chlorobium chlorophylls. Chlorophylls are further
classified into Chl a, b, c, and d. Chl a is the marked
photosynthetic pigment in higher plants, algae and
cyanobacteria. It absorbs red light in the visible region
at 680 nm. Chl b also absorbs red light in the visible
region at 660 nm. Chl c is well described in microbes,
alga, and absorbs light in red region (450-640 nm).
However, Chl d is reported in cyanobacteria whose
habitats are that areas that lack visible light. Hence, they
absorb light in the IR region between 700 and 730 nm.
Recent, studies reported a new chlorophyll called as Chl
f. Bacteriochlorophylls are found in anaerobic group of
bacteria. They are further classified into Chl a, b, c, d, e,
g, all the members of this group have absorption
maximum in Infrared region . Chlorobium chlorophylls
(Cchl) are reported in the green sulphur bacteria.
Generally, the standard ratio of the chlorophyll a and b
in higher plants is approximately 3:1 ratio. However, it
has been identified that this ratio of Chl a to Chl b
varies depending on genetic and environmental
conditions. Although there are several methods for
extraction and quantification of chlorophyll
concentration in leaves. Acetone is the most commonly
used solvent in chlorophyll extraction as it helps in
giving very prominent absorption peaks Chlorophyll is a
registered food additive, and its products can be utilized
as a photodynamic agent in various herbal treatments
due to its anticancerous properties16. It helps in the
growth and repair of tissues and neutralizing the
pollution that we breathe. It increases the efficacy of
magnesium and helps the blood in carrying the much-
needed oxygen to all cells and tissues. They neutralize
free radicals that do
damage to healthy cells along with other vitamins like
A, C and E . A regular and recommended intake of
chlorophyll keeps the circulatory and digestive systems
much healthier. The concentration of chlorophyll may
vary in different region and season-wise. It may change
with different environmental stress and with pollution .
The objective of the present study is to make a
comparative study and find the plant species and
family/ies that show high concentration of chlorophyll
as it has huge importance in culinary, herbal treatments
and pharmaceutical industries. The families chosen for
this study are Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae
and Fabaceae due their local availability. The
comparative study of a forementioned plant families has
not been discussed earlier , hence the study was
undertaken with the above mentioned objective
 MATERIAL REQUIRED
Fresh leaves of spinach, mustard, radish, corriander
and clover mortar, pestle, acetone, ether, patroleum
ether, methyl alcohol, potassium hydroxide, distilled
water, filter paper, colorimeter, test. tubes, separating
funnel, beakers etc.

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
Take 100 gms of fresh spinach leaves in a Pestle and
Morter. Crush them with 40 ml. of 80% acetone. Add a
pinch of CaCO, and again crush. Filter the extract on a
Buchner filter. The deep green coloured filtrate is called
acetone extract which contains chlorophylls and
carotenoids. Separate the chloroplast pigments with the
help of chart Similarly, separate out chlorophyll a and
chlorophyll b from other types of leaves. Measure the
chlorophyll contents of different types of leaves with the
help of calorimeter by comparing the intensity of light
absorbed of the extract of known amount of chlorophyll
content.
 OBSERVATION
Recorded observations are below mention –
s.no LEAVES Chlorophyll Chlorophyll Total
[A] [B] Chlorophyll

Content

1. SPINACH 2.70-4.88g 3.16g 138.3g

2. MUSTARD 0.687g 0.155g 155.5g

3. RADISH 8.41g 23.5g 105.76g

4. CORIAND 12.79g 39.06g 30.55g

ER
SPINACH

MUSTARD
 RADISH

CORIANDER
 CONCLUSION
Different species of plants have different amount of
chlorophyll depending upon their genetic
constitution exposure to light , age etc of the plant.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. NCERT BIOLOGY
2. WIKIPEDIA
3. ALPHABET
4. Plantedu.in
5.Ourearth.in