Earth and Life Reviwer

It is a basic component in the DNA that Joan Oro synthesized using primordial soup
conditions.
a. Thymine c. Guanine
b. Cytosine d. Adenine

What are the parts of the hydrosphere where life is thought to have begun?
a. Panspermia c. Electric sparks
b. Deep – sea vents d. Volcanic atmosphere
It is a heterogeneous mixture of organic and inorganic compounds in the primitive
ocean.
a. Creationism c. Panspermia
b. Icy beginnings d. Primordial soup
What unifying theme is exhibited when the systems of the body fight invading
microorganisms that cause illnesses?
a. Ecosystem c. Genetic material
b. Evolution d. Homeostasis
This is where instructions of the structure and functions of organisms are encoded.
a. Ecosystem c. Evolution
b. Genetic material d. Homeostasis

This type of sexual reproduction literally means “self-fertilization”.

a. allogamy c. autogamy
b. internal fertilization d. external fertilization
It is a type of asexual reproduction where an egg cell develops into a new organism
without fertilization by a sperm cell.
a. parthenogenesis c. budding
b.. fragmentation d. allogamy

It is one of the risks of using GMO that can cause death and neurologic disability.
a. allergenicity c. gene transfer
b. toxicity d. antibiotic resistance

It is the protein that cuts the genetic material.

a. vector c. DNA
b. restriction enzyme d. plasmid
It is the carrier of the spliced gene to be transferred and introduced to an organism
during genetic engineering.
a. vector c. DNA
b. restriction enzyme d. plasmid
It is one of the benefits of using GMO. An example of this is the ability of the GM corn to
Asian corn borers or other Lepidopterans.
a. insect resistance c. virus resistance
b. nutrient enrichment d. increase of yield
It is one of the simplest forms of digestion which happens in sponges.
a. extracellular digestion c. intracellular digestion
 b. tubular digestion d. complete digestion
This type of digestion is found in animals like nematodes.
a. extracellular digestion c. intracellular digestion
b. tubular digestion d. complete digestion
It is the hormones that aid in the development of the uterus and female sex organs.
a. prolactin c. progesterone
b. testosterone d. estrogen
The organs of this system are responsible for breaking down and extracting nutrients
from food.
a. excretory c. digestive
b. reproductive d. endocrine
Which of the statements is true?
a. According to the theory on Creationism, God created all life forms on Earth in
seven days.
b. Combined molecules in the Primordial Soup were not stable.
c. The cold during ice beginnings lengthened the lifespan of essential molecules
needed in the first forms of life.
d. The Primordial Soup was a homogeneous mixture.
According to the Oparin–Haldane Hypothesis, ______ and ______ enhanced the
chemical reactions involved in the formation of the first organic compounds.
a. reducing atmosphere & UV radiation
b. cool water & inorganic molecules
c. nitrogen gas & methane
d. carbon dioxide & hot water
All statements are true EXCEPT
a. Information in the genetic material controls the continuity of life.
b. All living things on Earth have the same genetic material.
c. Genetic material is passed down from generation to generation.
d. DNA or RNA dictates how structure functions.
One example of homeostasis among the following statement is
a. Genetic materials contain information that is constant throughout generations.
b. Ecosystems disrupt internal conditions of the body.
c. Ecosystem is the interaction between living things and their environment.
d. Evolution explains how body structures functions.

What distinguishes panspermia from other theories on the origin of life?

a. It involves the formation of organic molecules in a "soup."
b. It suggests life originated near hydrothermal vents.
c. It proposes that life or its building blocks came from extraterrestrial sources.
d. It asserts that life evolved through natural selection.
How does the theme of "structure and function" contribute to the ecological balance
within ecosystems?
a. By promoting the survival of the fittest.
b. Through the development of diverse ecological niches.
c. By showcasing the adaptability of individual species.
d. By emphasizing the relationship between an organism's form and its role in the
ecosystem.
How does viviparity contribute to the survival of offspring in certain environments?
a. It allows for the production of numerous offspring.
b. Offspring receive nourishment from the mother during development.
c. It ensures the protection of eggs with shells.
d. It enables offspring to develop outside the mother's body.
What is the purpose of using a selectable marker in genetic engineering?
a. To cut DNA at specific locations.
b. To amplify specific DNA sequences.
c. To identify cells that have successfully taken up foreign DNA.
d. To replicate and amplify specific DNA sequences.
How do GMOs contribute to sustainable agriculture?
a. By reducing the need for pesticides.
b. By decreasing crop yields.
c. By promoting monoculture practices.
d. By accelerating soil degradation.
Birds lay eggs with hard shells as part of their reproductive process.
All reptiles are viviparous.
Genetic engineering can only be applied to plants, not animals. FALSE
The main goal of genetic engineering is to create “perfect” organisms. FALSE
All GMOs have the same level of risk and impact on the environment.
The respiratory system and digestive systems share a common passage for air and
food. TRUE
Creationism is a scientific theory that is based on empirical evidence and is widely
accepted in the scientific community.
According to the theory of volcanic eruptions, amino acids, crucial for the formation of
life, were synthesized in the harsh conditions of early Earth's volcanic activity.
TRUE
Biotic factors encompass all living things in an ecosystem, and they include both plants
and animals.
The populations within the same ecosystem.
Mammals, such as humans, reproduce through a process called external fertilization
where eggs are fertilized outside the body. FALSE
Insects, like butterflies, undergo a reproductive process known as asexual reproduction,
where offspring are produced without the involvement of gametes.

State and discuss the general process of genetic engineering. (4pts)

41 – 50. In an extra sheet of paper, design an organ that has the functions of all the
different organ systems of representative animals. Illustrate and explain its functions.
(10 pts)

Needs
Excellent Good Fair Inadequate
Criteria Improvement
(4 points) (3 points) (2 points) (0 points)
(1 point)
The design is The design is The design is
highly creative, creative and somewhat
The design
innovative, and shows creative and
lacks creativity
demonstrates a innovation, demonstrates
and innovation, No creativity
Creativity deep incorporating an
with minimal or innovation
and understanding of a good understanding
incorporation of is evident in
Innovation organ systems, understanding of organ
features from the design.
showcasing of organ systems but
different organ
unique and systems with lacks
systems.
thoughtful some unique significant
features. features. innovation.
 The design is The
exceptionally illustration is The
detailed, well- detailed and illustration is The illustration
executed, and well-executed, somewhat lacks detail and
No clear
Design visually offering a detailed and clarity, making it
illustration is
Quality appealing, clear adequately challenging to
provided.
providing a clear representation represents the understand the
representation of of the designed design.
the designed designed organ.
organ. organ.
The explanation is The
The
comprehensive, explanation is
explanation is The explanation
accurate, and sufficient but No
detailed, is minimal and
clearly articulates may lack explanation is
accurate, and lacks clarity in
how the organ some detail or provided, or it
Explanation effectively describing how
performs the clarity in does not
of describes how the organ
functions of describing address the
Functions the organ performs the
various organ how the organ functions of
performs the functions of
systems, performs the different organ
functions of various organ
demonstrating an functions of systems.
various organ systems.
in-depth various organ
systems.
understanding. systems.
The design
The design
seamlessly The design The design
attempts to
integrates integrates shows minimal
integrate No evident
features from features from integration of
features from attempt is
various organ different organ features from
Integration different organ made to
systems, creating systems, different organ
of Organ systems, but integrate
a harmonious and creating a systems,
Systems the integration features from
functional organ functional resulting in a
may not be different organ
that effectively organ with less cohesive
entirely systems.
performs diverse some level of and functional
harmonious or
physiological harmony. organ.
functional.
functions.

------- GOOD LUCK! ------