Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Analysis
2. The WTO Agreement on Agriculture is designed to increase export opportunities for agricultural products and to
reduce government subsidies.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Application
3. Trade-related investment measures are those restrictions a nation places or foreign investment that adversely affect
trade in goods or services.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension
4. A product standard is a technical requirement imposed by the Department of Commerce's technical bureau as to the
product's characteristics before permitted into the country.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's:Comprehension
5. The Flammable Fabrics Act is an example of a technical regulation that is in violation of the principles of
GATT/WTO.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - BUSPROG - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's:Application
6. Trade discrimination can occur even when imported and domestic products are treated the same.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension
7. After many years of work by the European Union Commission, most European countries have agreed on similar
standards for consumer products.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge
8. The GATT Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade governs the use of technical regulations, product standards,
testing, and certifications among WTO member countries.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Application
9. The principle of least-restrictive trade means that otherwise valid restrictions on trade can be no more restrictive
than necessary to achieve the goals for which they were imposed.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Application
10. The GATT dispute panel found that Thailand's regulations on the importation of cigarettes was justified.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Analysis
11. Under GATT, an exception from the national treatment provision is granted to allow governments to favor domestic
suppliers.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Challenging
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Application
12. The Agreement on Government Procurement has the force of international law and applies to all WTO countries.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's:Application
13. The Agreement on Government Procurement reverses the general GATT rules that allow government agencies to
favor domestic products.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Application
14. Agricultural products, in general, have few barriers to trade placed upon them.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension
15. In 1947, the international community created the 1947 GATT and incorporated into the context of the principles is
the protection of intellectual property to encourage innovation and protection.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's:Knowledge
16. Trade retaliation under U.S. Section 301 is mandatory if the U.S. trade representative determines a country permits
forced labor.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's:Application
17. Super 301 was created by Congress as a fast track measure to be used against countries that fail to protect U.S.
intellectual property rights.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - BUSPROG - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's:Application
18. The symbol of an approved product in Japan is the government-authorized Japan Industrial Standards Mark.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge
19. ISO 9000 is a series of rules governing the importation of technology products from a WTO-member nation.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge
20. The GATT 1994 Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures provides strict guidelines for licensing paperwork.
Licenses can be refused if any of the procedures are not strictly followed.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreing Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Application
21. Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 permits the United States to unilaterally retaliate against foreign companies
that discriminate against U.S. goods or services.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge
22. The GATT Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade sets minimum international standards for product
performance, design, safety, or efficiency.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension
23. The WTO General Agreement on Trade in Services applies basic GATT Principles to service industries.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Application
24. Only U.S. and Canadian manufacturers may submit their products to independent laboratories for testing in order to
attach the CE mark before admitted into the EU.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's:Comprehension
25. The Japanese technical barriers are imposed to protect its citizens and based on performance standards.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's:Application
26. The United States Buy American Act is in violation of the principles of GATT/WTO.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's:Application
27. Domestic agriculture support programs are politically charged issues that are obstacles to achieving the principles of
GATT/WTO.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Challenging
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's:Evaluation
28. Under the Recognition of Licensing and Professional Qualifications, countries must recognize professional licenses
granted by foreign countries.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's:Application
Multiple Choice
29. Restrictions a nation places on foreign investment that adversely affect trade in goods or services are called:
a. Trade restrictions.
b. Trade-related investment measures.
c. Tariffs.
d. Foreign interest restrictions.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Application
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's:Application
31. Which of the following statements regarding the 1994 Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade is false?
a. All technical regulations shall be applied on a nondiscriminatory basis, without regard to the national origin of
the products.
b. Disputes between countries may be referred to the WTO for negotiation and settlement.
c. Whenever possible, product requirements should be based on the design and descriptive characteristics of a
product, rather that its performance.
d. Proposed standards must be published and made available to foreign countries.
e. All of the above are true.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Application
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Challenging
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Analysis
34. Which of the following statements regarding the 1994 Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures is false?
a. Applications should not be refused because of minor errors in paperwork.
b. The WTO Import Licensing Committee must be notified if any new products will become subject to licensing
requirements.
c. It calls for the procedures to be fair, reasonable, and nondiscriminatory.
d. Where licenses are used to administer quotas, the amount of the quota already used must be published for all
importers to see.
e. All of the above are correct.
ANSWER: e
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension
ANSWER: e
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Application
36. Which of the following is not an instance in which the U.S. Trade Representative may take retaliatory action against
a foreign country?
a. The foreign country's policies violate the legal rights of the U.S. and restrict U.S. commerce.
b. The foreign government permits forced labor.
c. The foreign government's policies are unreasonable or discriminatory and burden or restrict U.S. trade or
foreign investment.
d. None of the above is discretionary, rather, retaliation by the U.S. Trade Representative is mandatory in all
three instances.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Law Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge
38. A law or regulation affecting a product's characteristics that must be met before a product can enter a country is a:
a. Product standard.
b. Technical regulation.
c. Product limitation.
d. Government procurement law.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension
39. In the United States, technical regulations and product standards can be set by:
a. The Department of Agriculture.
b. The Consumer Product Safety Commission.
c. The Food and Drug Administration.
d. The Department of Transportation.
e. All of the above.
ANSWER: e
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension
40. Which of the following statements regarding technical barriers to trade is false?
a. Despite decades of work by the European Union, thousands of new national standards have arisen.
b. Japan and the United States have had a long history of disputes over Japanese technical barriers to trade.
c. Most standard setting in the European Union takes place through the European Committee for
Standardization.
d. Japanese technical regulations and standards are readily available to importers and exporters.
e. All of the above are true.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension
41. The majority of the gross domestic product in the U.S. is produced by:
a. Service industries.
b. Manufacturing industries.
c. Trade in services.
d. Technology industries.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Challenging
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge
42. Thailand's import restrictions on cigarettes:
a. Were justified under GATT article XI as protection of domestic agriculture.
b. Were justified in the interest of public health.
c. Were not justified under GATT article XI as protection of domestic agriculture.
d. Were not justified because they violated the principle of free trade.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Challenging
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Analysis
ANSWER: e
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge
44. Under Section 301, the United States Trade Representative has the discretion to take retaliatory trade action in all
the following cases except:
a. When a country permits forced labor.
b. When a country fails to allow workers the right to organize and bargain collectively.
c. When a country has denied the U.S. its rights under any of the GATT agreements.
d. When a country fails to provide standards for minimum wage.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension
45. The principle that limits restrictions on trade to the lowest level possible to achieve the goals for which they are
imposed is:
a. Trade barrier limitation principle.
b. Fair trade principle.
c. Principle of least-restrictive trade.
d. Principle of nominal trade barriers.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Application
46. The first multilateral, legally enforceable agreement to establish rules for international trade in services was:
a. The General Agreement on Trade in Services of 1994.
b. Trade in Services Act of 1947.
c. The Multilateral Agreement on Trade in Services of 1994.
d. The General Agreement on Trade in Services of 1947.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Challenging
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Analysis
48. Aeroflop, a U.S. firm, wants to sell several million dollars worth of airplanes to a government-owned airline in a
European country famous for cheese. In order to get the contract, Aeroflop agrees to pay a 5% kickback to another
U.S. company if that company agrees to buy all of its cheese from a seller in that European country.
a. Aeroflop's sale to the government-owned airlines is allowed under the Agreement on Government
Procurement.
b. Aeroflop's sale is prohibited because the Agreement on Government Procurement prohibits offsets.
c. Aeroflop's sale is allowable because the European nation is treating Aeroflop no less favorably than its
nationals.
d. The WTO dispute resolution panel must authorize both contracts prior to the sale.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Challenging
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Analysis
49. Which of the following statements about the 1994 General Agreement on Trade in Services is false?
a. It is patterned after the concepts that GATT applies to trade in goods.
b. Expands provisions governing trade in services provided for in the original GATT agreement.
c. Prohibits a requirement that local inventors must own a percentage of a foreign services company.
d. Allows each country to list exceptions to the General Agreement for certain service industries.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension
50. In EU Measures Concerning Meat and Meat Products, the WTO Dispute Resolution Panel decided:
a. The EC's regulation permitting zero residue violates the SPS agreement because internationally accepted
standards permit residue.
b. Where no internationally accepted standards exist, the EC ban on that hormone was not allowed because it
was not based on a risk assessment using scientifically accepted principals.
c. The decision of the Dispute Resolution Body was overturned by the WTO Appellate Body in January of 1998.
d. Both A and B are true.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Analysis
51.
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
52. Countries must rely on internationally accepted standards or recommendations for the protection of their plants,
animals, and foodstuffs.
a. Japan's keiretsu
b. Agricultural Act of 1948
c. The Law on the Entry and Exit Animal and Plant Quarantine
d. Codex Alimentarius
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Challenging
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's:Synthesis
53. The WTO General Agreement on Trade in Services defines international services as
a. International telephone calls
b. Consumption abroad
c. U.S. Immigration officials
d. Both a and b.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG - Reflective Thinking
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AICPA - AICPA - BB-Legal
TOPICS: Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets
KEYWORDS: Bloom's:Application
Subjective Short Answer
54. Compare and contrast some of the remedies and sanctions under Section 301.
55. Consider the benefits and detriments of bringing an IPR dispute before the WTO and the USTR.
56. Compare and contrast the IPR-related/access dispute resolution procedures of GATT with those of WTO.
57. Compare and contrast the actions of foreign countries regarding cigarettes (as seen in the text) with recent attempts
within the U.S. to regulate cigarettes.
60. Craft a statutory addendum deeming what constitutes a valid, non-discriminatory "health regulation." Students might
wish to review GATT Article XX(b)'s to "protect human health" language.
61. Considering the problems with "mad cow" disease in the U.K. (and, perhaps, adjacent countries), write a regulation
pertaining to the import of European beef.
— Näethän että olen omasi, sinun täytyy auttaa minua, sanoi hän
hiljaa.
— Tunnen kaihoa!
Hän tiesi että tulija oli Samuel Stern. Hän näki hänen kauniin
suunsa, jolla oli sama lempeä ilme kuin muinoin nuoruuden päivinä.
Samuel Sternin ääni kajahti siltä, kuin olisi hän ilahtunut jostakin.
Thoran tunnelma valtasi hänetkin. Hänestä oli äkkiä kuin nuoruuden
päivinä, kun he vaeltelivat yhdessä ja hän yhtyi Thoran haaveisiin.
Tämä oli rauhoitettua aluetta, jossa he voivat kohdata toisensa…
melkoisen matkan päässä arkielämästä.
Hiljaisuus seurasi.
Samuel Stern katsoi Thoraa. Näytti siltä kuin tämä olisi unohtanut
hänen läsnäolonsakin.
— Silloin sanoi minulle joku: »Miksi suret sitä että ruoho lakastuu
ja laulu vaikenee ja kynttilä palaa loppuun. Sellaista on elämä!» —
— Niin olin siis siellä… Siksi tulin tänne viime kesänä, että olin
ollut siellä, — minun täytyi levätä hiukan. —
Samuel Stern aikoi sanoa jotakin, mutta Thora esti sen. Hän laski
kätensä hänen käsivarrellensa.
Sitten pyysi hän vain että Thora nukkuisi, sillä niinhän oli tapana
tehdä tähän vuorokauden aikaan.
*****
Illan tultua oli Thora tosiaankin toisten mukana. Hän istui katsoen
heidän huvitteluansa. Hänen mielensä kävi aina niin alakuloiseksi,
kun hän kuuli tanssimusiikkia ja näki ihmisten tanssivan. Hän voi
saada kyyneleet silmiinsä. Hulluahan se tietysti oli.
*****
Hän ei tiennyt, kuinka viisaaksi Thora oli tullut ja kuinka hyvin hän
nyt ymmärsi maailmaa. Hän ei tiennyt, ettei Thora luottanut
ainoaankaan hänen sanaansa niin, että olis kätkenyt sen
sydämeensä. Oli vahinko ettei Samuel Stern käsittänyt, kuinka täysin
levollinen hän olisi voinut olla, ja kuinka tarpeettomia kaikki
varovaisuuskeinot olivat Thoraan nähden.
Mutta tuolla ylhäällä — siellä voi tapahtua, että Thora unohti tuon
kaiken… unohti kuluneen ajan… kaiken, mitä välillä oli ehtinyt
tapahtua…
Silloin voi hänestä tuntua, ettei ollut olemassakaan muuta kuin he
kaksi ja että kaikki oli kuten muinoin. Ja hänestä tuntui, kuin voisi
hän istua siellä alati, antaen elämän hiljaa mennä menojansa. —
Se oli noiden nummen iltojen syy! Kun aurinko laski ja tuli tyyntä ja
hiljaista, kun veripunaiset säteet virtailivat yli nummen, värittäen sen
hehkullansa…
Nuo hetket olivat Thoralle kuin suloinen elämys, jonka iän kerran
ennen oli kokenut unessa.
Ja päivisin oli kaikki niin omituisen pikkumaista. Hän väsyi siitä niin
kovin. Väliin oli hänestä kuin ei hän olisi ollut täysin tajuissansa.
Nummella hän virkistyi. Hän unohti — ja se tuotti lohtua. Ja sitäpaitsi
— pianhan kaikki olisi lopussa!
Ehkä Samuel Stern nyt juuri laski leikkiä Thamar rouvan kanssa
siitä, että tuo iltahuvittelu niin kiinnitti Thoran mieltä.
Hän kysyi itseltään ivallisesti: Minne hän nyt jälleen oli joutunut?
Tiesihän hän, että kaikki tuo ei ollut minkään arvoista. Miksi oli sitten
elämä käynyt hänestä jälleen mielenkiintoiseksi? Tulisikohan hän
koskaan järkeväksi!
Näin hän oli ajatellut: Kun nuo pikku sadut häntä huvittivat, miksi
halveksisi hän niitä? Kernaasti olisi hän vaihtanut niihin päivän pitkän
tarinan…
Hän puolustelihe sillä ettei niitä lausuttu, mutta mitä se auttoi, kun
ne sentään olivat olemassa?
Hyvä että hän nyt oli päättänyt, että tuosta kaikesta piti tulla loppu.
*****
Oli kerran merimies, joka oli ollut kauan poissa ja palasi jälleen.
Hän kiiruhti kotiseudulleen, nuoruutensa maahan. Ilolta ei hän
saanut nukutuksi yöllä. — Hän ajatteli pientä tupaa, jonka seinämää
kukat peittivät korkealti… ja äitiänsä, joka asui tuossa tuvassa, ja
Dordia, mielitiettyänsä.