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Understanding The Essentials of Critical Care Nursing 3Rd Edition Perrin Test Bank Full Chapter PDF
Understanding The Essentials of Critical Care Nursing 3Rd Edition Perrin Test Bank Full Chapter PDF
1) What should the nurse identify as symptoms of hypovolemic shock in a patient? Select all that apply.
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
A) Sinus bradycardia of 55 beats per minute
B) Capillary refill time greater than 3 seconds
C) Decrease in blood pressure of 20 mm Hg when the patient sits up
D) Restlessness
E) Temperature of 97.6°F (36.4°C)
Answer: B, C, D
2) Which laboratory finding should cause the nurse to suspect that a patient is developing hypovolemic shock?
A) Metabolic acidosis validated by arterial blood gases
B) Serum sodium of 130 mEq/L (130 mmol/L)
C) SvO2 greater than 80%
D) Serum lactate of 3 mmol/L
Answer: A
3) The nurse recognizes that which symptom predisposes a patient to develop hypovolemic shock?
A) Severe constipation, causing watery diarrhea B) Ascites
C) Syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH) D) Decreased cardiac output
Answer: B
4) Which finding indicates that a patient is experiencing increased peripheral resistance and vasoconstriction?
A) Pale, cool extremities with decreased pulses
B) Increased venous engorgement with strong pulses
C) Faster than normal capillary refill time
D) Strong bounding pulse with deep red coloring
Answer: A
5) Which solution would be the most appropriate initial volume replacement for a patient with severe GI
bleeding?
A) Two liters of D5 W over half an hour
B) 500 mL of 0.45% normal saline (1/2 NS) over half an hour
C) 200 mL of normal saline (NS) per hour for 5 hours
D) A liter of Ringer's lactate (RL) over 15 minutes
Answer: D
6) Which life-threatening complication should the nurse anticipate developing in the patient being treated for
hypovolemic shock? Select all that apply.
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
A) Renal insufficiency
B) Pulmonary edema
C) Gastric stress ulcer
D) Fluid volume overload
E) Cerebral ischemia
Answer: A, E
1
7) Why should the nurse caring for a patient in hypovolemic shock avoid a hypotonic solution for fluid
resuscitation?
A) Because hypotonic solutions do not stay in the intravascular space long enough to expand the circulating
blood volume.
B) Because hypotonic solutions move quickly into the interstitial spaces and can cause third spacing.
C) Because hypotonic solutions stay longer to expand the intravascular space but deplete intracellular fluid
levels.
D) Because hypotonic solutions need a smaller bore needle to run at a slower rate to keep the intravascular
space low.
Answer: A
8) Which complication is being avoided when the nurse warms intravenous fluids to be used in a rapid infuser?
A) Cardiogenic shock B) Hemorrhagic shock
C) Sepsis D) Hypothermia
Answer: D
9) Which finding indicates that rehydration is complete and hypovolemic shock has been successfully treated in a
patient?
A) CVP = 8 mm Hg B) Hct = 54%
C) Urinary output of 0.1 mL/kg/hr D) MAP = 45 mm Hg
Answer: A
10) A patient is demonstrating pulmonary edema, hypotension, and delayed capillary refill. The nurse suspects the
patient is experiencing which type of shock?
A) Obstructive B) Cardiogenic C) Hypovolemic D) Anaphylactic
Answer: B
11) A patient experiencing vasodilation is diagnosed with distributive shock. The nurse should assess the patient
for which etiologies? Select all that apply.
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
A) Pulmonary embolism
B) Spinal cord injury
C) Hemorrhage
D) Anaphylaxis
E) Sepsis
Answer: B, D, E
12) The nurse is concerned that a patient is at risk for developing obstructive shock because of which assessment
findings? Select all that apply.
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
A) Bacteremia
B) Latex allergy
C) History of atrial fibrillation
D) T3 spinal cord injury
E) Age 80
Answer: C, E
2
13) A patient is experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to a medication. Why should the nurse be concerned that the
patient is developing distributive shock?
A) The release of histamine causes vasodilation with plasma leakage.
B) Microorganisms overwhelm the vascular system.
C) Parasympathetic innervation functions are unopposed.
D) Sympathetic innervation is interrupted.
Answer: A
14) A patient is diagnosed with cardiac tamponade. When planning care, the nurse should include interventions to
address which type of shock?
A) Hypovolemic B) Cardiogenic C) Distributive D) Obstructive
Answer: D
15) The nurse caring for a patient recovering from an acute myocardial infarction plans interventions to reduce the
risk of which type of shock?
A) Distributive B) Obstructive C) Cardiogenic D) Hypovolemic
Answer: C
16) A patient with cardiomyopathy is demonstrating signs of cardiogenic shock. What should the nurse realize is
the cause of this type of shock?
A) Reduced blood volume
B) Blood flow blocked in the pulmonary circulation
C) Reduced cardiac output
D) Increased stroke volume
Answer: C
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
17) The nurse explains the mechanism of a pulmonary embolism to the family of a patient diagnosed with the
disorder. Place in order the steps the nurse will use to instruct the family about this disease process.
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
18) A patient is being treated for pericarditis. The nurse should plan interventions to prevent the onset of which
type of shock?
A) Distributive B) Cardiogenic C) Hypovolemic D) Obstructive
Answer: D
3
19) A patient is brought to the emergency department with manifestations of anaphylactic shock. What should the
nurse assess as possible causes for this disorder? Select all that apply.
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
A) Recent diagnostic imaging tests
B) Recent myocardial infarction
C) Recent bee sting
D) History of latex allergy
E) Ingestion of drugs
Answer: A, C, D, E
20) During an assessment, the nurse is concerned that a patient is developing cardiogenic shock. What did the nurse
assess in this patient? Select all that apply.
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
A) Crackles in bilateral lung bases
B) Warm, dry skin
C) Systolic blood pressure 82 mm Hg
D) Heart rate 55 and regular
E) Capillary refill 10 seconds
Answer: A, C, E
21) A patient is brought to the emergency department with hypotension, tachycardia, reduced capillary refill, and
oliguria. During the assessment, the nurse determines the patient is experiencing cardiogenic shock because of
which additional finding?
A) Jugular vein distention B) Thirst
C) Dry mucous membranes D) Poor skin turgor
Answer: A
22) A patient being treated for cardiogenic shock is being hemodynamically monitored. Which finding is consistent
with the patient's diagnosis? Select all that apply.
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
A) Elevated pulmonary arterial wedge pressure
B) Elevated mean arterial pressure
C) Elevated stroke volume
D) Elevated systemic vascular resistance index
E) Elevated central venous pressure
Answer: A, D, E
23) The nurse is caring for a patient recovering from a spinal cord injury sustained during a motor vehicle crash.
What assessment finding indicates that the patient is developing neurogenic shock? Select all that apply.
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
A) Bradycardia
B) Warm, dry skin
C) Hypotension
D) Palpitations
E) Abdominal cramps
Answer: A, B, C
24) A patient demonstrates signs of obstructive shock, but the cause has yet to be determined. Which finding
indicates the patient is experiencing a pulmonary embolism as the cause for obstructive shock?
A) Hypotension B) Chest pain C) Tachycardia D) Oliguria
Answer: B
4
25) The nurse reviews medications prescribed for a patient being treated for cardiogenic shock. Which medications
will the nurse most likely provide to this patient? Select all that apply.
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
A) Phenylephrine
B) Epinephrine
C) Norepinephrine
D) Dobutamine
E) Dopamine
Answer: A, C, D, E
26) A patient with neurogenic shock is demonstrating bradycardia. What action should the nurse take at this time?
A) Administer atropine as prescribed. B) Prepare to administer crystalloids.
C) Administer phenylephrine as prescribed. D) Limit patient movement.
Answer: A
27) A patient is experiencing acute respiratory distress after eating an item of a known food allergy. Which
intervention should the nurse implement when providing emergency care to this patient? Select all that apply.
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
A) Prepare to administer antithrombolytic agents as prescribed.
B) Administer vasopressin.
C) Apply oxygen via face mask as prescribed.
D) Administer epinephrine 1:1000 intramuscularly.
E) Provide diphenhydramine 25 mg intravenous.
Answer: C, D, E
28) A patient is receiving phenylephrine 50 mcg/min as treatment for shock. Which assessment finding indicates
this medication is effective?
A) Decreased peripheral pulses B) Respiratory rate 12 and regular
C) Heart rate 110 D) Blood pressure 110/68 mm Hg
Answer: D
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
29) A patient weighing 220 lbs is prescribed 10 mcg/kg/min of dopamine to improve cardiac output from
cardiogenic shock. How many milligrams of dopamine should the patient receive in an hour?
Record your answer rounding to the nearest whole number.
Answer: 60
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
30) Which assessment finding indicates that an infusion of intravenous epinephrine 4 mcg/min is effective in the
treatment of a patient with anaphylactic shock?
A) Heart rate 55 and regular B) Blood pressure 98/50 mm Hg
C) Reduced wheezing D) Respiratory rate 28
Answer: C
5
31) A patient receives norepinephrine 30 mcg/min for treatment of refractory shock. Which assessment finding
suggests the patient is experiencing peripheral vasoconstriction from the medication? Select all that apply.
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
A) Increased cardiac output
B) Onset of paresthesias
C) Drop in blood pressure
D) Drop in body temperature
E) Decreased peripheral pulses
Answer: B, D, E
32) A patient is prescribed vasopressin 0.03 units/minute as treatment for septic shock. What action should the
nurse take when providing this medication?
A) Provide the vasopressin infusion in addition to a norepinephrine infusion.
B) Administer with 0.9% normal saline.
C) Utilize a rapid infuser.
D) Infuse through a peripheral line.
Answer: A
33) The nurse assesses a mediastinal shift in a patient being treated for injuries from a motor vehicle crash. For
which type of shock should the nurse plan care for this patient?
A) Obstructive B) Cardiogenic C) Distributive D) Hypovolemic
Answer: A
34) A patient received 8 units of packed red blood cells as treatment for hypovolemic shock. Which laboratory
value should the nurse monitor for this patient?
A) Potassium B) Sodium C) White blood cells D) Calcium
Answer: D
35) A patient is demonstrating signs of cardiogenic shock. Why should an intra-aortic balloon pump be considered
for this patient? Select all that apply.
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
A) Increases coronary perfusion
B) Improves pulmonary perfusion
C) Facilitates blood out of the left ventricle
D) Controls heart rate
E) Decreases afterload
Answer: A, C, E
36) A patient receiving treatment for a spinal cord injury is demonstrating signs of neurogenic shock. What should
the nurse expect to assess in this patient? Select all that apply.
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
A) Reduced pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP)
B) Elevated right atrial pressure (RAP)
C) Low mean arterial pressure (MAP)
D) Decreased central venous pressure (CVP)
E) Increased jugular vein distention (JVD)
Answer: A, C, D
6
37) The nurse assesses muffled heart sounds in a patient recovering from thoracic injuries caused by a motor
vehicle crash. What should the nurse anticipate being prescribed for this patient?
A) Surgical embolectomy B) Chest tube insertion
C) Tissue plasminogen activator D) Pericardiocentesis
Answer: D
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The Project Gutenberg eBook of Cicely
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Title: Cicely
a story of three years
Language: English
ENNIS GRAHAM,
AUTHOR OF “SHE WAS YOUNG AND HE WAS OLD,” “NOT WITHOUT
THORNS,” ETC. ETC.
LONDON TINSLEY BROTHERS, 8, CATHERINE STREET,
STRAND.
[All rights reserved.]
PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND CO., LITTLE QUEEN STREET,
LINCOLN’S INN FIELDS.
As long as Love continues the most imperious passion, and Death
the surest fact of our mingled and marvellous humanity, so long will
the sweetest and truest music upon earth be ever in the minor key.
To my Cicely.
December 30th, 1873.
CONTENTS.
Vol.1
I. WIDOW LAFON’S SOUP
II. MR. GUILDFORD OF SOTHERNBAY
III. “LITTLE MASTER”
IV. A SECOND SUMMONS
V. “COME INTO THE GARDEN, MAUD”
VI. “LE JEUNE MILORD”
VII. SOME ARE WISE, SOME OTHERWISE
VIII. “THE WITCHCRAFT OF A TEAR”
IX. OF THE SAME OPINION STILL
Vol. 2.
I. WORK AND PLAY
II. SHADOWS BEFORE.
III. BY THE OLD WATER-MILL
IV. MAN AND WOMAN
V. ONE OF MANY
VI. LES PAPILLONS
VII. FAILING MISS WINTER.
VIII. SOME SUMMER DAYS
IX. A CHANGE IN THE WEATHER
X. FORGIVE ME, AND GOOD BYE
Vol. 3.
I. DÉSILLUSIONNÉE
II. AFTER THE BALL
III. THE NEWS THAT FLIES FAST
IV. “TO MY AIN COUNTREE”
V. “HOW LITTLE YOU UNDERSTAND”
VI. A NEW TERROR.
VII. ALONE
VIII. MADAME GENTILLE
IX, A SOUTHERN WINTER
X. AMIEL TO THE FORE
XI. FRIEND AND WIFE
CHAPTER I.
WIDOW LAFON’S SOUP.