LAB ÅCTIVITY NO10

TOPI Applications of Derivatives (Maxima and Minima)

(Ubjective
Material Required
To verify that amongst all the rectangles of the same perimeter, Chart paper, paper cutter, scale,
the square has the maximum area. pencil, eraser, cardboard, adhesive
(Procedure

1. Takeacardboard of aconvenient size and paste a white paper on it.

Z. Make rectangles each of perimeter say 48 cm on a chart paper.
Rectangles of different dimensions are as follows:

R R R
cm cm 10
cm

3 9

16 cm
15 cm
14 cm

() (ii) (iii)
R4 Rs R6 Ry

11
cm 11.5
cm
12
cm 13.5
cm

13cm 12.5 cm
12 cm
10.5 cm
(iv) (v) (vi) (vii)
Fig. 18.1
R1:16 cm x 8 cm, R2:15 cm x9 cm R3: 14cmx 10 cm,
R4: 13 cm x 11 cm Rs: 12cm x 12cm, R6: 12.5 cm x 11.5 cm
R7 : 10.5 cm 13.5 cm
3. Cut outthese rectangles and paste them on the white paper on the cardboard (See Fig. 18.1() to (vii).
4. Repeat step 2for more rectangles of different dimensions each having perimeter 48 cm.
5. Paste these rectangles on cardboard.
Demonstration
cm
1. Area of rectangle of R, = 16cm x 8cm= 128
Area of rectangle Ry = 15 cm x9 cm= 135 cm
Area of R = 14 x 10 = 140 cm²
Area ofR4 = 13 x 1| = 143 cm²
Area of Rs= 12 x 12 = 144 cm
Area ofR6= 12.5 x 11.5 cm =143.75 cm²
Area of R,= 10-5 x 13-5 = 141.75 cm²
maximum. It is
2. Perimeter of each rectangle is same but their area are different. Area of rectangle Rs is the
square of side 12 cm. This can be verified using theoretical description given in the note.

Observation NOTE
1. Perimeter of each rectangle R,, R2, R3, R4,Rs, R, Ryis 48en Let the length and breadth of
2. Area of the rectangle R3 2 than the area of rectangle R5. rectangle be x and y.
3. Area of the rectangle R, J than the area of rectangle Rs. The perimeter of the rectangle
4. The rectangle Rs has the dimensions Y21\2-and hence it is a SQ0RE P=48 cm.
5. Of all the rectangles with same perimeter, the has the maximum 2(x +y)= 48
or x +y= 24 or y=24-x
area.
[5quARE Let A (x) be the area of
Application rectangle, then
This activity is useful in explaining the idea of Maximum of a function. The A («) =xy =x (24- x)
result is also useful in preparing economical packages. = 24x
A'(*) = 24- 2x =2 (12-x)
A'(*) =0’2(12-x)=0
’X= 12
when, x < 12 slightly, A' (*) > 0
and whenx > 12slightiy, A'(*)<0
.:. A'() change sign from +ve to
-Ve.

Therefore, area is maximum

when x = 12
y=x= 24 - 12= 12
So, X=y= 12
Hence, amongst all rectangles, the
Square has the maximum area.