Constitutional development during 1947 to 1958

1. Govt in the interim periods since 1947

At mid night on Augest 14, 1947 Pakistan became an independent
dominion. It was governed by certain specific legal provision by the govt of
India act of 1935 some legal changes and modified by the Pakistan
provincial constitution order. The First governor general was the Quaid e
Azam. He was also president of the first constitutional assembly. Mr liaqat li
khan was chosen as a First Prime Minister of Pakistan.

2. Khwaja nazimudin as a Governor General

The death of Quaid e Aazm in September 1948 khwja nazimuddin as a
governor general. khwaja nazimudin in spite of being on active politician
accepted the role of a constitutional governor general. He remained happy
with the Position of a titular head and actual administration of the country
was left the prime minister.

3. First constitutional assembly

First constitutional assembly consisted of 79 members. The work of the
formation of constitution became difficult because the divorce approaches
amongst the member of the constitution assembly
 Some basic points of differences includes
a. Place of islam in the constitution
b. Strength of two units in the federal legislature
c. Distribution of power b/w central and provincial govt
d. Controversy over language
e. Parliamentary or presidential form of govt

4. Objective resolution
The first step taken in the formulation of constitution was the passing of
objective resolution on 12th march 1949 Described by liaqat ali khan.
 Objective resolution declared the sovereignty of Allah as a supreme. It
encouraged Islamic way of life. Protection of the minorities and
parliamentary form of govt and independent judiciary.

5. Basic principles committee

After the adoption of the objective resolution the assembly appointed a
basic principle committee of 25 to 35 member to recommended in details
the main principle upon which the future constitution was to be based.
In august 1950 the basic principle committee prepared on report to main
recommendation were
 Executive power with the head of state
 Appointment of prime minister by the head of state
 Bicameral legislature with a five year term
 Urdu as the official language

The final basic principles committee report

The first BPC report was rejected then 2nd December 1952, the BPC
submitted to final report which recommened.
 Head of the state to be muslim, elected indirectly by the joint session
of the parliament
 Bicameral legislature for five year, Both the wing of Pakistan were
given equal representation in both the houses.the strength of the
upper house 120 and lower house 400.
 Three list of power, federal- provincial- and concurrent
 Constitution of board of ulema to review the legislation and make
suggestions to harmonize them with the teaching of holy Quran and
sunnah

6. Dismissal of nazim ud din

1953 the country was facing serious crises means food crises, export and
anti qadyani movement. The governor general incapacity of govt to take
from action. So april 17, 1953 the G.G dismissed the cabinet of nazimudin.
 The G.G action was the most unfortunate events in the constitutional
history of Pakistan. But the country in political wilderness.

7. Muhammad Ali Bogra Formula

After the dismissal of nazim ud din ministry M.Ali Bogra was appointed as
P.M in his place. he work for the preparation of the draft constitution. The
recommendation announced on 3 October 1953 known as ‘’ Bogra
Formula’’
 Bicameral legislature with equal power
 Head of the state from west Pakistan and PM from east Pakistan
 The upper house 10 member from east and 40 from west Pakistan
out of total 50 member. Out of 300 member of the lower house 165
from east and 135 from west Pakistan
 President in empower to dissolve to the houses.

8. Second constitutional assembly

The governor general then convened the 2nd constitutional assembly in may
1955. It consisted of 80 member 40 from each wing. 72 member were
elected by the member of the provincial assembly and the rest were
nominated.

9. Major general iskandar mirza as a governor general

In august 1955 ghulam Muhammad seriously fell ill and gave up all official
duties and major general iskander mirza began to function as acting
governor general.

10.Constitution of 1956
The constitute assembly took the work of constitution making seriously
under chaudri M.Ali. the first constitution Pakistan was enforced on 23 rd
march 1956. In this constitution governor general replace to president.
11. Husssain shaheed suhrwardy as prime minister
There was open conflict b/w musim league high commoned and Prime
minister chaudri M.Ali who was supporting the ministry of DR khan sahib in
west Pakistan. Dr khan sahib formed his republican party by convincing 26
out of 30 muslim league to join his party. Prime minister chaudri M.Ali
resign on sep 12 1956. After losing confidence of his party Mr hussain
shaheed suhrwardy become prime minister his coalition of the awami
league and republican party.

12. Ibrahim ismail chundrigar as prime minister

Hussian shaheed suhrwardy was forced to resign on octber 18,1956 ibrahim
ismail chundrigar the opposition leader was invited to form a new Govt.
which he formed in oct 18, 1957.he headed a coalition composed of the
republicans and muslim league. The PM was against joint electorate
introduced by suhrwaardy govt. but awami league was against separate
electorate. So the electoral issue and M-league and republican difference
made the ministry fall with in two month on December 16,1957

13. Feroz khan Noon as prime minister

Feroz khan Assumed the responsibility as P.M on December 18, 1957 as the
head of the republican awami league coalition.

14. Political Era End

Corruption, smuggling, political instability and race for power were the
selfishness demonstrated by the politician after the death of quaid e azam
and liaqat ali khan. The political experience continued until October 7,1958.
Ayab khan imposed martial law through out country. The constitution of
1956 was abrogated assembly were dismissed and political party were
banned.