Solubility chart of ionic compounds in aqueous solution.

Cation Anion Solublility Exception

OCl , ClO 2 , ClO3 ,
– All are soluble (i) ClO 4 of K+, Rb+,
ClO 4 , NO 2 , NO 3 Cs+ are insoluble.
Any (ii) AgNO2 is insoluble
CH3COO–, HSO 3 , (iii) CH3COOAg is
HCO 3 , HS– partially soluble.
K+, Rb+, Any All are soluble ClO 4 & [Pt Cl6]–2 &
Cs+ & NH 4 [Co(NO2)6]3–
Na+ Any All are soluble Na2SiO3 are insoluble
Any Cl , Br–, I–
–
All are soluble (i) Ag+, Pb2+, Hg 22 ,
Cu 22 are insoluble
(ii) PbCl2, HgCl2,
CuBr2, Cu2I2 are
soluble on warming
(iii) HgBr2 & HgI2
remain insoluble on
warming.
Any SO 32 , SO 42 All are soluble (i) Ag+, Pb2+,
Hg 22 ,Ba+2,Sr2+ are
insoluble
(ii) CaSO4 & SnSO4
are partially soluble
Any O–2,OH–, CO 32 , All are (i) BeF2 & AgF are
insoluble soluble
PO 4 3 , F–, C 2 O 4 2
(ii) K+ to Cs+ & NH 4
are soluble
(iii) O–2 & OH– of Sr 2
& Ba+2 are soluble
Any CN–, OCN–,SCN–, All are I group cation & II
S–2 insoluble group cation & Al+3 are
soluble
Any CrO 4 2 is similar to Same as SO 42 Same as SO 42 but
SO 42 SrCrO4 is soluble
Any MnO 41 is similar Same as ClO 4 NaMnO4, KMnO4 are
soluble
to ClO 4

1. All the cuprous salts are insoluble.

2. Sulphides are usually insoluble, leaving those of alkali metals and ammonium sulphide, which are soluble.
Sulphides of alkaline earth metals and of ammonium are decomposed in aqueous solution.
3. Compounds of alkali metals and ammonium salts are generally soluble.
2
4. CO32 , OH–, CrO 24 , PO 34 & SO3 are found generally insoluble, leaving those of alkali metals and
ammonium cation, which are soluble.
COLOURS OF DIFFERENT COMPOUNDS

Black Colour Compounds Green Colour Compounds

1. PbS 1. Ni(OH)2 (green ppt.)
2. Ag2S 2. Hg2I2 (green ppt.)
3. CuS 3. Cr2O3 (green solid)
4. Cu2S 4. Cr(OH)3 (green ppt.)
5. NiS 5. Cr2(SO4)3
6. CoS 6. CrCl3
7. HgS 7. FeSO4 · 7H2O
8. FeS 8. FeCl2
9. NiO 9. FeSO4· (NH4)2SO4·6H2O(Mohr’s salt)
10. MnO 10. Na2MnO4
11. FeO 11. K2MnO4
12. CuO 12. B(OC2H5)3 (Burns with green edge flame)
13. PbO2 13. CoO · ZnO (Riemann’s green)
14. MnO2 White Colour Compounds
15. Mn3O4 1. AgCl
16. Fe3O4 2. AgNO2
17. Co3O4 3. Ag2SO4
18. Ni(OH)3 4. PbCl2
19. Cu3P2 5. PbBr2 (White crystalline ppt.)
20. BiI3 6. Cu2I2 (White ppt.)
21. Hg + Hg(NH2)Cl 7. PbSO4
Blue Colour Compounds 8. SrSO4
9. BaSO4
(a) Light Blue Compunds 10. Hg2SO4
1. Cu(OH)2 11. BaCO3
2. Cu(NO3)2 12. SrCO3
3. CuCl2 13. CaCO3
4. CuSO4·5H2O (Blue Vitriol) 14. MgCO3
5. Zn2[Fe(CN)6] (Bluwish white ppt.) 15. Be(OH)2
6. Co(OH)2 16. Mg(OH)2
17. Ca(OH)2
(b) Deep Blue Compounds 18. Al(OH)3 (White gelatinous ppt.)
1. [Cu(NH3)4]SO4(Switzer’s reagent) 19. Cd(OH)2 (Dirty White)
2. [Cu(NH3)4](NO3)2 20. Bi(OH)3 (White ppt.)
3. Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 (Prussian’s blue) 21. Zn(OH)2
4. Fe3[Fe(CN)6]2 (Turnbull’s blue) 22. ZnCO3
5. Na4[Fe(CN)5(NOS)](Violet) 23. ZnS
24. ZnO
25. CaC2O4
26. Ag2C2O4
27. Ag2S2O3
28. PbS2O3
Yellow Coloured Compounds
1. As2S3 Brown Coloured Compounds
2. As2S5 1. SnS
3. CdS 2. Bi2S3
4. SnS2(Artificial gold) 3. CdO
5. FeS2(Fool’s gold) 4. PbO2
6. (NH4)2Sx (where x = 2 to 5)(YAS) 5. Fe(OH)3 (Reddish Brown)
7. PbCrO4 6. Fe2O3 (Reddish Brown solid)
8. BaCrO4 7. Fe2(CO3)3
9. SrCrO4 8. Cu2O (Reddish Brown)
10. AgBr (light yellow) 9. Ag3AsO4 (Reddish Brown)
11. AgI (Dark yellow)
12. PbI2 10. O NH2I
13. PbO (in Cold)
14. ZnO (in Hot)
15. HgO (Yellow ppt.) 11. Cu2I2 + I3 (Brown ppt.)
16. Na2O2 (Pale yellow) 12. Cu2[Fe(CN)6] (Chocolate brown)
17. Ag3PO4 13. NO2 (Brown gas)
18. Ag2CO3 14. [Fe(H2O)5 (NO)]SO4 (Brown ring)
19. Ag3AsO3
20. Cu(CN)2 Orange Coloured Compounds
21. K3[Co(NO2)6] 1. Sb2S3
22. (NH4)3PO4· 12MoO3 2. Sb2S5
23. (NH4)3 AsO4 · 12 MoO3 3. KO3
24. Na2CrO4 4. CsO2
25. CrO42– (Yellow in solution)
5. Cr2 O 72 (Orange in aq. solution)
Red Colour Compounds
1. Ag2CrO4 (Brick red) Pink Coloured Compounds
2. Hg2CrO4 (Brick red) 1. Mn(OH)2
3. HgI2 (Scarlet red) 2. MnS
4. Pb3O4 (2PbO + PbO2)
3. MnO 4 (Pink or purple in aq. solution)
5. CrO2Cl2 (Reddish brown)
4. CO(CN)2
6. Fe(CH3COO)3 (Blood red)
5. (NH4)2 SnCl6
7. Fe(SCN)3 (Blood red)
6.COCl2·6H2O (Pink on melting black also known as
8. AsI3
sympathetic ink)
9. SbI3
10. SnI2
Gas
11. CuBr2
1. Colourless odourless gas – CO2, N2, O2
12. [Ni(DMG)2] (Rosy red)
2. Colourless gas having pungent smell
NH3, H2S, SO2
3. Coloured gas —— Cl2 (Yellowish green)
Br2 (Brown)
NO2 (Brown)
I2 (Violet fumes)