MANZIL

For JEE Aspirants

ONE SHOT

Complete Inorganic Chemistry

Reactions
Om Pandey
 TOPICS TO BE COVERED
1. NCERT +
 Oxidation

Fe+2 Fe+3 SO2 SO3 / SO42–

Cl– Cl2 HNO2 HNO3

Br– Br2 H2O O2

I– I2 NO NO2

NH3 N2 H2SO3 H2SO4

H2O2 O2 S S2– SO2

 Oxidation Reduction

CO CO2 Acid

H3PO3 H3PO4

I2 with H2O HIO3

Neutral
MnO4 –
H2S S Mild basic

Sn+2 Sn+4
Base
H2C2O4 CO2
 Reduction
F2 F– K2Cr2O7/H+ Cr+3

Br2 Br– Fe+3 Fe+2

Cl2 Cl– Con. HNO3 NO2

I2 I– Dil. HNO3 NO / N2O

O3 O2 / O2– HNO2 NO

H2O2 H2O

MnO2 Mn2+
Reduction
Hg+2 Hg2+2
Pb+4 Pb+2

Hg2+2 Hg
Bi+5 Bi+3

Cu+2 Cu+1

CaOCl2 CaCl2

Ag+ Ag
Oxidising Agent
Elements with max. oxidation state

Reducing Agent
Metals & Elements with lower or min.
oxidation state

Oxidising Acid Non – Oxidising Acid

Conc. H2SO4 Conc. / dil. HX

Conc. / dil. HNO3 Conc. / dil. H2CO3

Conc. / dil. HXOn Conc. / dil. H3PO4

Conc. / dil. H3PO3
dil. H2SO4
Oxidising Nature of Halogens
F2 + Cl–

F2 + Br –

F2 + l–

Cl2 + Br –

Cl2 + I–

Br2 + I–
 Table for Oxidising Power
fir ozo bich-bazar mar gya per-man per man ka control nhi

F2 O3 CaOCl2 S2O82– KMnO4 / H+ H2O2 MnO2 K2Cr2O7/H+

kal nayi krega safayi

Cl2 HNO3 H2SO4

bahar nitrous fir

Br2 HNO2 Fe3+

se aayi
I2

Bi+5 Pb+4 : SOA

Chlorine as Oxidising agent

FeSO4 + H2SO4 + Cl2

Na2SO3 + Cl2 + H2O

SO2 + H2O + Cl2

I2 + H2O + Cl2

Na2S2O3 + Cl2
H4SO4 as Oxidising agent

Cu + H2SO4

S + H2SO4

C + H2SO4
KMnO4 / H+ K2Cr2O7 / H+

H2SO4
O2 CuCl2
Deacon’s
Process
HCl MnO2

PbO2

O3

Pb3O4 CaOCl2
KMnO4 / H+ K2Cr2O7 / H+

O3 H2SO4

HBr
PbO2 MnO2

Pb3O4 CaOCl2
KMnO4 / H+ K2Cr2O7 / H+

HNO3 K2S2O8

O3
H2SO4

HIO3
HI
MnO2
PbO2

FeCl3
HNO2

Pb3O4 CaOCl2
K2MnO4 PbS

l–
NO2–

I2 (moist) O3 H2S

NO SO32-

C Sn+2
C2O42– KI

H2SO3 Fe2+(Green)

KMnO4 / H+
SO32– Oxalic acid

NO2– H2S
 I–

Neutral
S2O32–
MnO4–
Mild basic

Mn2+
ZnO as catalyst
Potassium Dichromate in Acidic Medium

H2S

Sn2+

K2Cr2O7/H+

Fe2+

I–
 MnO4– Vs MnO42–

MnO42– Mild basic

Neutral Acidic

Preparation of KMnO4

Mn2+ + S2O82– + H2O

 Preparation of KMnO4
From MnO2 ( Pyrolusite )

Acidic Solution
MnO2 + KOH + O2

Electrolytic oxidation
MnO2 + KOH + O.A.
in alkaline solution

Air / KNO3 / KClO3

 Preparation of Potassium Dichromate

➢ From Chromite Ore : FeCr2O4

FeCr2O4 + Na2CO3 + O2

H2SO4 KCl
Na2CrO4
 V2O5 / O2
P4
Cr2O72–

l–
MnO4–

I2 (moist) SO3 SO2

Fe+3

PCl5
Cl2

C
PbO2
 Oxidising Power : SOCl2 SO2Cl2

P4 + SOCl2

P4 + SO2Cl2

HCl

NaCl
K2Cr2O7 / H+
NaBr

HBr

SO2 + H2S
H2O2

PbS Mn2+

Fe2+ Fe2+

H2O2 / H+ H2O2 / OH-

MnO4- MnO4-

HOCl I2
Hydrolysis
H2O
AB

Oxides

Peroxides

Superoxides
Hydrolysis of Oxide

N2O5

Na2O

Na2O + N2O5

P4O10

P4O6
Hydride NaH

CaH2

H2O
Silicide Ca2Si + SiH4

Nitrides Li3N

Mg3N2

Phosphide Ca3P2

Ca3P2 + CaC2 : Holme’s Signal

Sulphide ZnS

Ionic Carbide CaC2 + H2O

(Acetilide)

Al4C3 + H2O
(Methanide)
Hydrolysis Nucleophilic Subn

PCl3 + H2O

PCl5 + H2O

SO2Cl2 + H2O

SOCl2 + H2O

SF6 : No hydrolysis
Hydrolysis of Group – 15 Halides

NCl3

PCl3

AsCl3

SbCl3

BiCl3
Hydrolysis of Halogens

F2 + H2O

Br2 + H2O

Cl2 + H2O

I– + H+ + O2
Non Metal + Alkali solution Disproportionation Reaction

F2 NaOH

R.T.

Cl2
Hot

R.T.
Br2
Hot

R.T.
l2
Hot
 P4 S8

H2O NaOH H2O NaOH

Reaction of NaOH(aq)
Sn, Al, Pb, Zn, B, Si NaOH(aq)

NaOH(aq)
Elements

M + NaOH NaxMOy + H2
Hydrolysis of Interhalogen Compounds

ICl

CIF3

IF5

IF7
Hydrolysis of Xe Fluorides
H2O H2O H2O
XeF6

H2O
XeF2

H2O
XeF6

H2O

XeF4
H2O
F– donor XeF2 + PF5

F– Acceptor XeF6 + NaF

XeF4 + O2F2

Pu + O2F2

Pu is removed as PuF6 from spent nuclear fuel

Ammonia NH3

NH3 as Base (i) NH3 + HCl

(ii) NH3 + H2SO4

(ii) NH3 + H2O

Ammonia NH3
Urea + Water

NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2

(NH4)2SO4 + NaOH Heat

Iron Oxide
Haber’s process N2 + H2
 Reaction of NH3
NH4OH + ZnSO4

NH4OH + FeCl3

Detection of d block metal ion :

(i) Cu2+ + NH3

(ii) Ag+ + Cl–

AgCl(s) + NH3
(NH4)2Cr2O7 

NH4NO3 

NH4NO2 
Nitrogen : N2
NH4Cl(aq) + NaNO2 (aq)
In laboratory

Heat
(NH4)2Cr2O7

Heat
Ba(N3)2

Heat
NaN3
HNO3 (Nitric acid)

Ostwald’s Process

Pt / Rh
NH3 + O2 500 K

NO + O2

NO2 + H2O
 Oxidising agent

HNO3 + Non metals – ic acid + NO2

HNO3 + S

HNO3 + I2

HNO3 + P4

HNO3 + C
 M + Conc. HNO3 M(NO3)y + NO2

Zn + Conc. HNO3

Cu + Conc. HNO3

M + dil. HNO3 M(NO3)y + N2O / NO

Zn + dil. HNO3

Cu + dil. HNO3

Au, Pt : Do not dissolve in HNO3

Some metals do not dissolve in concentrated nitric acid because of
the formation of a passive film of oxide on the surface.

Fe Cr Co Ni Al Be

Conc. HNO3
Pb3O4
Aqua Regia
Au, Pt : Do not dissolve in HNO3

HNO3 + HCl

Au + [ Cl ] Chloroauric Acid

Pt + [ Cl ] Chloroplatinic Acid
 Brown Ring Test ⟹ Test for nitrates

H2SO4

+
FeSO4 NO3–

NO3– + Fe2+

[Fe (H2O)6]2+ + NO
 Oxides of Nitrogen
Oxidation Physical /
Formula Preparation
State chemical
NH4NO3 Heat
N2O

NO NaNO2 + FeSO4 + H2SO4

250 K
N2O3 NO + N2O4
N2O5
Nitronium cations [NO2]+ and Nitrate anions [NO3]−
( Solid )
Oxidation Physical /
Formula Preparation
State chemical

PbNO3 673 K
NO2

Cool
N2O4 NO2
Heat

N2O5 HNO3 + P4O10

 Oxoacids of Phosphorus

Formula Oxidation State Preparation

H3PO2 White P4 + alkali

P2O3 + H2O
H3PO3

H4P2O5 PCl3 + H3PO3

 Formula Oxidation State Preparation

H4P2O6 red P4 + alkali

H3PO4 P4O10 + H2O

heat
H4P2O7 H3PO4

Br2 / heat
(HPO3)n H3PO3
Sealed tube
 Reducing Properties of Oxoacids of Phosphorus
H3PO4 H3PO3 H3PO2

Basicity :

Acidic Nature :

Reducing Agent :

AgNO3 + H2O + H3PO2

+ H3PO2
N N
Cl–
 Dioxygen
By Heating :
KClO4

MnO2
KClO3

KMnO4

K2Cr2O7

Ag2O / HgO

PbO2 / Pb3O4

Decomposition of H2O2 H2O2 (aq.)

 Sulphuric Acid

Contact Process
Thank You !