PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

Level: SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL Semester: SECOND

Subject Group: APPLIED SUBJECT Quarter: FOURTH

Course Description:
The course develops critical thinking and problem solving through qualitative research.
Course Requirements:
Below is the list of activities that must be completed and submitted with their corresponding
percentage.Take note that for Practical Research 1, all activities are components of the final
requirement which is a draft of your complete qualitative research study.

Date of Raw
WEEK ACTIVITIES Final Grade
Submission Score
Enabling Assessment Activity 6 –
9 20
WRITING THE RESEARCH DESIGN 10%
Enabling Assessment Activity 7 –
10 20
RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUE 10%
Enabling Assessment Activity 8 –
11 20
DATA COLLECTION PRCEDURE 10%
Enabling Assessment Activity 9 –
12 20
DATA GATHERING INSTRUMENT DRAFT 10%
Enabling Assessment Activity 10 –
13 20
DATA GATHERING 10%
Enabling Assessment Activity 11 –
14 30
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA 15%
Enabling Assessment Activity 12 –
15 20
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 10%
Performance Task 3 -
16 50
COMPLETE RESEARCH PAPER 25%
TOTAL 200 100%

QUARTER 4 CULMINATING PERFORMANCE TASK

GOAL: To write a complete qualitative research paper.
ROLE: Student who wishes solve a problem through critical thinking and research.
AUDIENCE: Community or future researchers
SITUATION: You are a student who gathered data for a qualitative research study belonging to
their strand.
PRODUCT: Complete research paper
STANDARDS:
Enabling Assessment Activities 75%
Performance Tasks 25%
100%
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PRE-REQUISITE ASSESSMENT
A. Consult with your teacher regarding your Review of Related Literature. Does it
need more polishing? Does it need more information or is it enough?

LESSON 9: QUALITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN

Learning Materials: Module, pen, paper, internet (if applicable)
Prerequisite Content-knowledge: Review of Related Literature
Prerequisite Skill: Writing the Review of Related Literature

INTRODUCTION
A. TIME ALLOTMENT: 4 hours
B. CONSULTATION: For questions and clarifications, please make sure that you consult
your subject teacher on any lessons or activities you may be confused about. Your
teacher will get back to you as soon as possible.
C. RUA: At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
Choose appropriate qualitative research design.
D. INSTITUTIONAL VALUES: Critical Thinking
Learners will be able to apply critical thinking in:
• Choosing the appropriate research design for their research study.
E. OVERVIEW OF THE LESSON
This lesson is on the qualitative research design.

STUDENT’S EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING

Chunk 1: Research Design
Research design is a plan which structures a study to ensure that the data collected and
generated will contain the information needed to be answered by the study. For qualitative
research, a researcher may choose from any of the following research designs which he/she may
deem appropriate:
Chunk 2: Qualitative Research Design
• Phenomenological Research – This kind of research focuses on obtaining descriptions
of the respondents’ lived experiences either in writing or through memories. The goal of the study
is to analyze the meaning behind the experiences rather than generalizing the whole population.
Interviews, observation and surveys are used to gather information in this kind of research. This
kind of study attempt to understand people’s perceptions, perspectives, and understanding of a
particular situation.
• Historical Research – This focuses on the identification, location, evaluation and
synthesis of data or evidence from the past to confirm or reject a hypothesis at the present. Data
needed may be found in printed documents.
• Case Study - A comprehensive, in-depth examination of a specific individual or group,
people or institution. It may be used to gain insights into a specific problem, provide background
data for broader studies explain socio-psychological – cultural processes. It shed light on a
phenomenon by studying in-depth a single case example of the phenomena. The case may be
an individual person, a group, event or an institution.
• Action Research - A design which involves a cycle of identifying a problem regarding a
situation or process, developing a strategy for intervention with the purpose of improving the said
situation or process.
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• Causal Research – Causal research explores how a specific change impacts a certain
situation.
• Descriptive Design - This design answers who, what, when, where and how questions
related to a particular research problem.
• Ethnography – This design focuses on the sociology of meaning through close field
observation of socio-cultural phenomena, usually a community.
• Grounded Theory – A theory is developed through a body of data through a participant-
observer.
• Content Analysis – a detailed and systematic examination of the contents of a body of
material (letters, documents, archives, etc) for the purpose of identifying patterns, themes or
biases.
Chunk 3: Writing the Research Design of the Study
In writing this section of the paper, choose which among the qualitative research design is most
appropriate for your study. This may prove easier as these were already discussed previously
and the researcher may already have an idea of what design to use.
Once you have chosen which design, explain in 1-2 paragraphs what the design will be used and
why it is the most appropriate to use in your undertaken research study. Remember that this does
not mean you have to include the definition of the research design, what is more important is the
justification of the researcher in using the research design
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 3

ANSWER SHEET (Please submit only the answers. Do not return the entire module.)

Name: ________________________________ Section: _______________________

LAST NAME, FIRST NAME MIDDLE INITIAL

ENABLING ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY No. 6 - WRITING THE RESEARCH DESIGN

Choose among the research designs discussed which you will use for your study. Afterwards,
justify by writing 1-2 paragraphs on why did you choose it as the research design to employ in
your research study (There are guide questions per paragraph to make it easier for you).

(Describe the research design you have chosen to apply as the researcher).
The researcher chose _________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(Justify why the research design is appropriate for the study)
The design appropriately fits the study because _____________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

ASSIMILATION
“All I’m armed with is research.” – Mike Wallace

DATE: ______________
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 4

PRE-REQUISITE ASSESSMENT
A. Which research design did you choose? Why?

LESSON 10: SAMPLING PROCEDURES AND TECHNIQUES

Learning Materials: Module, pen, paper, internet (if applicable)
Prerequisite Content-knowledge: Research Design
Prerequisite Skill: Writing the research design section of the research paper.

INTRODUCTION
A. TIME ALLOTMENT: 4 hours
B. CONSULTATION: For questions and clarifications, please make sure that you consult
your subject teacher on any lessons or activities you may be confused about. Your
teacher will get back to you as soon as possible.
C. RUA: At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
Describe the sampling procedure and sample respondents.
D. INSTITUTIONAL VALUES: Critical Thinking
Learners will be able to apply critical thinking in:
• Choosing the proper sampling technique to identify the respondents for the study.
E. OVERVIEW OF THE LESSON
This lesson is on Sampling Procedures and Techniques.

STUDENT’S EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING

Chunk 1: Sampling and Respondents of the Study
In qualitative research, it must be mentioned who will be the participants of the study, their
characteristics and how they will be chosen. This is discussed in the section Respondents of the
Study and Sampling Technique.
Respondents of the Study describes who will be the individuals involved in the study. It will
include the characteristics or criteria for an individual to be a respondent of the study.
The sampling technique on the other hand, is a process through which a researcher selects a
portion or segment from the population of the study. For a simple research study, the minimum
number of respondents is 30 but the universal number of samples especially for quantitative
research is 100 respondents.
Chunk 2: Different Sampling Techniques
Sampling Technique
A. Probability Sampling – all the members of the entire population have a chance of being
selected
• Simple Random Sampling – a method of choosing in which all members have an equal
chance of being selected; draws randomly.
• Stratified Random Sampling – the population is first divided into different strata and then
the sampling follows.
• Cluster Sampling – used in large scale studies where population is geographically
spread out.
• Systematic Sampling – method of selecting every nth element of a population.
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B. Non-Probability Sampling – process of selecting respondents in which not all members

of the entire population are given a chance of being selected as samples.
• Convenience Sampling – sampling done according to the convenience of the
researcher.
• Quota Sampling – similar to stratified sampling; researcher sets specific proportions in
the sample.
• Purposive Sampling – involves handpicking respondents with very specific intentions;
judgmental sampling.
Chunk 3: Writing about the Respondents of the Study and Sampling Technique
In writing the Respondents of the Study and Sampling Technique section of the paper, the first
paragraph must be about who the respondents of the study will be. Describe the criteria you
have set as the researcher of these respondents. The second paragraph must be about the
sampling technique. Describe the sampling technique you will use and your plan on how to
conduct the technique to get the number of respondents of the study.
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ANSWER SHEET (Please submit only the answers. Do not return the entire module.)

Name: ________________________________ Section: _______________________

LAST NAME, FIRST NAME MIDDLE INITIAL

ENABLING ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY No. 7 - RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY AND

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
Write the Respondents of the Study and Sampling Technique section of your Chapter III. Follow
the guidelines on the lecture notes. This should be 1-2 paragraphs only. (There are guide
questions per paragraph to make it easier for you).

(What is the sampling technique that you used to get the respondents for the study? How did you
identify or get the number of respondents? Describe.)

The researcher used the ____________ technique in determining the respondents of the
study. _________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

(Who are your respondents? How many are they? Describe the characteristics of your
respondents).

The respondents of the study are ________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

ASSIMILATION
“Start where you are. Use what you have. Do what you can.” – Arthur Ashe

DATE: ______________
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 7

PRE-REQUISITE ASSESSMENT
A. Who will be the respondents of your study?

LESSON 11: DATA COLLECTION, DATA GATHERING

INSTRUMENTS, ANALYSIS PROCEDURES
Learning Materials: Module, pen, paper, internet (if applicable)
Prerequisite Content-knowledge: Sampling Procedures and Techniques
Prerequisite Skill: Writing the Sampling and Respondents of the Study section of the paper.

INTRODUCTION
A. TIME ALLOTMENT: 4 hours
B. CONSULTATION: For questions and clarifications, please make sure that you consult
your subject teacher on any lessons or activities you may be confused about. Your
teacher will get back to you as soon as possible.
C. RUA: At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
Plans data collection, data gathering instrument and analysis procedures.
D. INSTITUTIONAL VALUES: Critical Thinking
Learners will be able to apply critical thinking in:
• Planning their data collection, instruments, analysis and procedures.
E. OVERVIEW OF THE LESSON
This lesson is on the instruments to be used for data gathering and procedures to undertake
during data gathering.

STUDENT’S EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING

Data Collection
When you have chosen your research design, respondents and sampling technique, you will
now include in your methodology the method of data collection you will use for the study.
As mentioned in Week 5, there are two sources of information, primary sources and secondary
sources. In doing the Review of Related Literature, you searched for information from the
secondary source relevant to your topic. For this section however, you are going to look for
information using primary sources.
Data Gathering Instruments
There are four main data gathering instruments in research:
• Observation
• Interview
• Survey
• Experiment
Since you are tasked in Practical Research 1 to come up with qualitative research, we will be
discussing in-depth the instruments used to gather descriptive data, observation and interview.
Survey and experiment will not be discussed since PR1 is on qualitative research.
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 8

Chunk 1: Observation
According to Marshall and Rossman (1989), observation is the systematic description of events,
behaviors and artifacts in social setting chosen for study”. The researcher can collect data
through the five senses through observation. Researcher/s can employ any of the different type
of observations:
• External Participation – this can be done by watching situations, people, processes on
television or videotape
• Passive Participation– the research is present at the scene of the action but does not
participate or interact
• Balanced Participation – the researcher maintains the balance of being a participant and
observer
• Active Participation – the researcher does everything that the others in the setting or
situation are doing
When using observation to collect data, you need to prepare what is called “observation
checklist”. This is where the behavior of the participants is recorded and may also be based on
rating scales and coded systems (for numerical data). Some questions that may be asked
during observation to be recorded in the checklist are the following:
1. Who are being observed? Give a description.
2. When and what time are they observed. Described the conditions.
3. Describe the behavior exhibited by participants and how many times did the behavior
being studied observed occur?
4. Are there any differences observed as well?
In conducting an observation, you have to plan it carefully before doing the actual observation.
Here are some general steps:
1. Determine what/who you want to observe and why.
2. Decide on which type of observation you will employ to meet your study’s objective.
3. Secure permissions from any authority if they will allow you to conduct observations. Be
honest that it will be used for an academic research study. Ask if you may take photos,
record videos or audio. If you will not be allowed, try to look for other people, groups
which you may observe.
4. Prepare all necessary materials for your observation. Prepare you observation guide or
checklist beforehand.
5. During the observation, eliminate any distractions or things which cause disruptions
during the process.
6. When finished with the observation, thank the authorities or individuals who allowed you
to conduct the observation.
7. Separate your recordings and notes. This should be “what you actually observed” and
“why what you observed happened”.
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In presenting data collected from observation, narratives or tables may be used. Narratives are
used to tell what was observed with the researcher’s analysis and interpretation. The analysis
and interpretation is based not only on the knowledge of the researcher but also the literature
review created before collecting the data. This becomes the evidence of interpretation or
analysis made by the researcher.
Tables on the other hand are used to indicate the frequency of the occurrence of the behavior.
Accompanying the table are the analysis and interpretations made by the researcher.
Chunk 2: Interview
Interviews are conversations designed to obtain specific kinds of information. The interviewer or
the researcher prepares a list of questions to be asked from an “interviewee” or an expert of the
subject matter. The interviewee may be considered as an expert because it may be their field,
career or occupation, an individual who have direct experiences on the topic.
Questions created for the interview must not be all yes or no questions. The researcher must
use different types of questions to probe into the topic at study. You may go back to the
Statement of the Problem to be able to come up with questions to ask the interviewee about the
study. Follow up questions are also helpful if the researcher wants to have more information
regarding the topic.
Interview Proper
Pre-Interview
Before conducting the interview, list down the individuals who are potential interviewees.
Contact them and be polite in asking if you may interview them for an academic research study.
If an individual allows you, set a convenient time and location catering to their availability.
Remember that as the interviewee, their input is important and you as the interviewer is the one
who is asking for a favor. Disclose all the information needed before the actual interview and do
not leave any detail behind.
• Can you quote the interviewee?
• Will you be allowed to take a photo, record audio or video during the interviewee?
• Issues of confidentiality and privacy
Prepare a list of questions in advance. This will help both the interviewer and interviewee to
avoid straying away from the topic at hand. Prepare all the materials you will need such as pen
and paper, recorder or camera.
Dress appropriately. Be a little more formal especially if your interviewee is an expert or a
professional. The way you present yourself will determine how your interviewee will treat you.
Make sure that you arrive at the interview venue before the interviewee. It is respectful to be the
one waiting for them as you are the one in need of the information.
Do not go straight ahead with asking questions once the interviewee arrives. Introduce yourself
again and mention the objectives of your interview. Set rapport by asking simple questions such
as their name, background, work experience etc. Inform them if you plan on starting the formal
interview process.
Make sure you are listening carefully as the interviewee answers your questions. It is possible
that they may answer a question you have not yet asked. Take down notes, though it would be
more helpful if you have an audio recording so you may focus on listening to them as they
answer your questions.
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 10

Do not lose control of the interview. If you feel that the interviewee is veering away from the
topic, wait for them to pause and then steer it back to the research topic again. Ask follow up
questions if necessary and be neutral as possible, i.e. do not show negative reactions.
After the interview, make sure that you were able to cover all the questions and clarify any
confusing statements. Make sure that you thank the interviewee for the time and for allowing
you to interview them.
Types of Interviews
Unstructured Interview
• Interviewer and respondent engage in a formal interview. There is schedule time and
place to speak and both parties know.
• Interviewer has no structured interview guide; questions are open-ended.
Structured Interview
• Interviewer and respondent engage in a formal interview. There is schedule time and
place to speak and both parties know.
• Interviewer has no structured interview guide; questions are open-ended.
Semi-structured Interview
• There is a specific set of questions but there are also additional follow up questions.
In presenting data collected from interview, a narrative is used. The narrative is not a question-
and-answer verbatim section of the conversation that happened. Rather, the narrative is a
discussion of the conversation that took place during the interview and interviewee, focusing on
the topic chosen for study. After that, a paragraph towards the end contains the analysis and
interpretation of the researcher after obtaining information from the interview.
Chunk 3: Data Collection Procedure
In writing the Data Collection Procedure, you will first describe the data gathering instrument
you will use. You will then describe how you will go about the process of collecting the data
through the chosen instrument.
Enumerate the process of the data collection procedure by describing:
• What is the data gathering instrument that will be used?
• Who will be involved in the data gathering?
• When the data collection will happen
• How will the data be collected?
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 11

ANSWER SHEET (Please submit only the answers. Do not return the entire module.)

Name: ________________________________ Section: _______________________

LAST NAME, FIRST NAME MIDDLE INITIAL

ENABLING ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY No. 8 - DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE

Write the Data Collection Procedure section of your research Follow the guidelines on the lecture
notes. Limit this section to 1-2 paragraphs. PLEASE REMEMBER, NO SURVEY. (There are
guide questions per paragraph to make it easier for you).

(What is the data gathering instrument you are going to use for your research study? Describe
how are you going to conduct it.)

The researcher will collect data __________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

(Describe the exact process or step by step procedure you will do as a researcher to gather your
data.)

First the researcher will ________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

ASSIMILATION
“Research means that you don’t know, but are willing to find out.” - Charles F. Kettering

DATE: ______________
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 12

PRE-REQUISITE ASSESSMENT
A. Reflect on your data collection procedure. Is there any way to make your data
collection easier? Consult your teacher.

LESSON 12: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Learning Materials: Module, pen, paper, internet (if applicable)
Prerequisite Content-knowledge: Data Collection, Data Gathering Instruments and Analysis
Procedures
Prerequisite Skill: Writing the Data Collection Procedure section of the study

INTRODUCTION
A. TIME ALLOTMENT: 4 hours
B. CONSULTATION: For questions and clarifications, please make sure that you consult
your subject teacher on any lessons or activities you may be confused about. Your
teacher will get back to you as soon as possible.
C. RUA: At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
Plans data collection, data gathering instrument, and analysis procedures.
D. INSTITUTIONAL VALUES: Critical Thinking
Learners will be able to apply critical thinking in:
• Writing their research instrument.
E. OVERVIEW OF THE LESSON
This lesson is on Research Methodology.

STUDENT’S EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING

Chunk 1: Types of Questions

(DO NOT ANSWER, as this is the section on discussion of types of questions.)

YES OR NO TYPE – items are answerable by yes or no

Example: Do you have a budget? ____ Yes _____ No

RECOGNITION – fixed alternative answers are provided and respondents have to choose
from them
Example: Educational Background
____ Elementary _____ Juniorhigh school ____ College _____ Masteral

COMPLETION – fill in the blanks

Example: My common excuse for being late is _____________________.

CODING – numbers are assigned to choices/data

Example: On a scale of 1 to 10 with 10 being the highest, how would you rate your learning
experience?

SUBJECTIVE – respondents are free to give their opinions

Example: What can you say about corrupt government officials?
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 13

ANSWER SHEET (Please submit only the answers. Do not return the entire module.)

Name: ________________________________ Section: _______________________

LAST NAME, FIRST NAME MIDDLE INITIAL

ENABLING ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY No. 9 - DATA GATHERING INSTRUMENT DRAFT

Draft the data gathering instrument you will use for your study (observation checklist/interview
questions). Consult with the research teacher regarding this and make sure all questions are
approved before gathering the data. Follow the guidelines on the lecture notes on types of
questions. Write your questionnaire or checklist here and submit first before conducting data
gathering. (AGAIN, NO SURVEY FOR PR1)

What data gathering instrument will you use? (please check)

interview observation

DATE: ______________
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 14

PRE-REQUISITE ASSESSMENT
A. Ask a peer to answer your questionnaire and comment on its construction.

LESSON 13: COLLECTING DATA THROUGH OBSERVATION

AND INTERVIEWS
Learning Materials: Module, pen, paper, internet (if applicable)
Prerequisite Content-knowledge: Research Methodology
Prerequisite Skill: Constructing their Questionnaire.

INTRODUCTION
A. TIME ALLOTMENT: 4 hours
B. CONSULTATION: For questions and clarifications, please make sure that you consult
your subject teacher on any lessons or activities you may be confused about. Your
teacher will get back to you as soon as possible.
C. RUA: At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
Conducting data collection, data gathering instrument, and analysis procedures.
D. INSTITUTIONAL VALUES: Critical Thinking
Learners will be able to apply critical thinking in:
• Conducting their data gathering.
E. OVERVIEW OF THE LESSON
This lesson is on conducting either an observation or interview.

STUDENT’S EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING

Make sure that the questionnaire for your data gathering has been approved first before
conducting data collection.

For interviews, please make sure that you are interviewing an expert on your topic. Set an
appointment for interview and be early to show respect for the expert. Be prepared and bring all
the materials you will need.

For observations, make sure that you have all your materials during observation. Always take
note of hat you have observed as well.
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 15

ANSWER SHEET (Please submit only the answers. Do not return the entire module.)

Name: ________________________________ Section: _______________________

LAST NAME, FIRST NAME MIDDLE INITIAL

ENABLING ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY No. 10 - DATA GATHERING

You are given a timeframe of __________________ to gather your data for the research study.
Make sure that you have secured needed permission letter from individuals you will observe or
interview. Have a regular consultation with your research teacher regarding the data collection.

Once you have done the data gathering, transcribe all results or output of the data collection
and write either here on the answer sheet or printed. It is also strongly suggested that you
document data gathering either through photos, videos or audio. Of course, please make sure
you ask permission from your respondents first. Submit the transcription at the end of the week.

DATE: _____________
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 16

PRE-REQUISITE ASSESSMENT
A. How was your data gathering? Share your experience.

LESSON 14: ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

COLLECTED
Learning Materials: Module, pen, paper, internet (if applicable)
Prerequisite Content-knowledge: Collecting Data through Observations and Interviews
Prerequisite Skill: Conducting their data gathering.

INTRODUCTION
A. TIME ALLOTMENT: 4 hours
B. CONSULTATION: For questions and clarifications, please make sure that you consult
your subject teacher on any lessons or activities you may be confused about. Your
teacher will get back to you as soon as possible.
C. RUA: At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
Infer and explain patterns and themes from data.
D. INSTITUTIONAL VALUES: Critical Thinking
Learners will be able to apply critical thinking in:
• Analyzing and interpretating collected data.
E. OVERVIEW OF THE LESSON
This lesson is on Analysis and Interpretation of Data

STUDENT’S EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING

As mentioned in previous lessons, qualitative research is a type of research which yield
information in descriptive manner which may be collected through observations and interviews.
Chunk 1: Definitions
Assuming you have gathered your data for your qualitative research, and you now have results
from your observations and interviews, the next step will be to analyze and interpret them. How
will researchers then analyze and interpret the data collected? This may be done through
inferencing and explaining themes and patterns from the data collected.
Inference
It is a process of using observation and background to provide logical conclusion.
Pattern
A repeated form or design, or something that is repeated regularly.
Theme
This is produced when similar ideas or issues are expressed by the respondents within the
qualitative data.
Chunk 2: QDA
To infer data, you may use thematic analysis or Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA). In using thematic
analysis, you have to familiarize yourself with the data. Re-read data gathered from interview or
observation. Study the data you have collected so you will be fully familiar of the data you have
at hand.
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 17

Next is to code the data. To code means to identify the highlights or important features from the
data you have gathered. These highlights must be able to answer the research questions (SOP)
set in the beginning of research.
Afterwards, examine the themes or patterns formed in the data you have gathered. The themes
and patterns you have identified may lead to broader patterns of meaning which might be helpful
in answering your research questions.
Refine the themes and patterns against your research questions. DO these themes explain or
give description to answers in your SOP? Define the themes by developing a detailed analysis of
each one.
QDA is the range of processes and procedures where qualitative data is moved from explanation,
understanding or interpretation of what is being investigated.
Analysis and interpretation of data for qualitative research may be presented in narrative form.
Take note, that this narrative is not simply a transcription of data or information you have collected.
The narrative must be a discussion of the inferences, themes or patterns you have found while
studying the information you have.
Chunk 3: Analysis and Interpretation of Data
The narrative should discuss the inferences made by the researcher regarding what he/she knows
of the topic from the collection of related literature, plus the data collected from the interview or
observation. This then includes the patterns or themes garnered by the researcher and their
analysis and interpretation.
Let the Statement of the Problem help you in “telling the story” of your data. This should be able
to guide you in relating the data you have collected with the research questions and purpose of
the study.
In writing the findings of the study, this should not be one whole paragraph of the discussion. To
break the monotony of information and explanation, you may break this into several paragraphs
with subheadings so readers would know the topic being discussed in each.
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 18

ANSWER SHEET (Please submit only the answers. Do not return the entire module.)

Name: ________________________________ Section: _______________________

LAST NAME, FIRST NAME MIDDLE INITIAL

ENABLING ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY No. 11 – PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND

INTERPRETATION OF DATA
After collecting the data, start writing the Chapter IV of the research study. Write a draft
of your narrative, discussing the result of your data collection and your analysis and
interpretation of the results. (There are guide questions per paragraph to make it easier
for you).

(Describe how you gathered your data. Add details as who, what, when, were and how.)
The data was collected ___________________________________________

(Describe the results of the data gathering. For interviews, introduce first the interviewee, and
describe how he/she answered the researcher’s questions. For observations, describe the
things and events you have observed.)
The researcher interviewed/observed _____________________________________

(Analyze the results of your data gathering. How they relate or coincide with the topic of your
research?)
___________________________________________________________________

NOTE: This part would most likely require you to write more than several paragraphs. Feel free to
write or type this part in a separate sheet of paper. Constantly consult with your teacher while
writing this part.

DATE: ______________
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 19

PRE-REQUISITE ASSESSMENT
A. What are the bases of your analysis and interpretation of the data you collected?

LESSON 15: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND

RECOMMENDATION
Learning Materials: Module, pen, paper, internet (if applicable)
Prerequisite Content-knowledge: Analysis and Interpretation of Data Collected
Prerequisite Skill: Analyzing and interpreting data collected for their study.

INTRODUCTION
A. TIME ALLOTMENT: 4 hours
B. CONSULTATION: For questions and clarifications, please make sure that you consult
your subject teacher on any lessons or activities you may be confused about. Your
teacher will get back to you as soon as possible.
C. RUA: At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
Draw conclusion from patterns and themes.
Formulate recommendations based on conclusions.
D. INSTITUTIONAL VALUES: Critical Thinking
Learners will be able to apply critical thinking in:
• Writing their Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation
E. OVERVIEW OF THE LESSON
This lesson is on the Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation

STUDENT’S EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING

Chunk 1: Summary
The summary is the brief overview of the study. It is the summary of Chapters I – IV, containing
the highlights or the most important information of each chapter. This includes the title of the
study, the rationale of why the study was conducted, the research questions, the methods
employed to answer them and the results and analysis of the study.

Chunk 2: Conclusion
This section explains the main purpose of the paper and if it was met or not. This discusses the
implications of the paper to real life situations or problems. It also answers the question “what the
researchers discovered/learned after conducting the study?” The Conclusion should wrap up the
whole research and states what the researcher was able to determine after conducting the
research.

Chunk 3: Recommendation
Based on the results of the study, what suggestions would you give to the beneficiaries of the
research? The answer to this is found in the Recommendation section. This part discusses what
the best course of action is after conducting the study. Since the researcher was able to conduct
the study, they know have enough knowledge to impart to make recommendations and
suggestion relevant to the study. Recommendations may be made in general, to the immediate
community, to the people directly involved (see Significance of the Study) and future researchers.
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 20

ANSWER SHEET (Please submit only the answers. Do not return the entire module.)

Name: ________________________________ Section: _______________________

LAST NAME, FIRST NAME MIDDLE INITIAL

ENABLING ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY No. 12 - SUMMARY, CONCLSION AND

RECOMMENDATION
Write the last chapter of the research study. It contains the Summary, Conclusion and
Recommendations. Each section should be direct to the point. (There are guide questions per
paragraph to make it easier for you).

(Summarize the results of the data collection you conducted.)

After the data collection, the findings of the study ____________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

(What can you conclude as the researcher? Were you able to answer all the questions in your
Statement of the Problem? Explain).
The researcher concludes that ___________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

(After conducting the study, what can you suggest or recommend as the researcher?)
After conducting the study, the researcher recommends the following:
1. ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

DATE: ______________
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 21

PRE-REQUISITE ASSESSMENT
A. What are your insights about your research topic after conducting the study?

LESSON 16: COMPLETING THE RESEARCH STUDY

Learning Materials: Module, pen, paper, internet (if applicable)
Prerequisite Content-knowledge: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
Prerequisite Skill: Writing the summary, conclusion and recommendation of their research
study.

INTRODUCTION
A. TIME ALLOTMENT: 4 hours
B. CONSULTATION: For questions and clarifications, please make sure that you consult
your subject teacher on any lessons or activities you may be confused about. Your
teacher will get back to you as soon as possible.
C. RUA: At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
Complete your qualitative research study.
D. INSTITUTIONAL VALUES: Critical Thinking
Learners will be able to apply critical thinking in:
• Completing their qualitative research study.
E. OVERVIEW OF THE LESSON
This lesson is on Completing the Research Study.

STUDENT’S EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING

To complete your research study for Practical Research 1, you will need to revise and compile
the previous activities of the module to become on research paper. Revision may be done
throughout the semester with guidance of consultations with your research teacher. Below is a
table of what the research study contents and the activities doled out in the subject:

(Note: The content of your research study may change depending on the kind of study you
conducted and your strand)

Research Study
Chapter I: The Problem and Its Background
a. Introduction: Background of the Study
b. Statement of the Problem
c. Scope and Limitation
d. Significance of the Study
Chapter II: Review of Related Literature
a. Foreign Literature
b. Local Literature
c. Research Framework
d. Hypothesis or Assumptions of the Study
e. Definition of Terms
Chapter III: Research Methodology
a. Research Design
b. Respondents and Locale of the Study
c. Research Instrument
d. Data Collection Procedure
 Colegio de Los Baños – Practical Research 1 22

Chapter IV: Presentation, Analysis and Presentation of Data

Chapter V: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
a. Summary of Findings
b. Conclusion
c. Recommendation

Bibliography/References Listed
Appendices This section of the paper contains the supplementary material of the research
study you conducted. The contents in the Appendices are helpful in providing a more
comprehensive information of the study. Your Appendices section may contain the following:
• Researcher’s Resume
• Questionnaire
• Raw Data from Data Collection
• Photos taken during the study (with captions)
• Letters of Permission/Correspondence with Respondents of the Study
• Raw Data (interview transcription, observation checklist)

For the final requirement of Practical Research 1, you are expected to comply with the following
tasks:
• Complete research paper of conducted study

Research Paper
• You are expected to come up with your compilation of activities as your research paper.
You are expected to submit one printed copy of your research paper 1 week before the end
of the semester (modular learners).
• The general format for this will be:
o Paper Size – 8x11 or short bond paper
o 1.25 inch margin on the left for binding
o 1 inch margin on top, bottom and right side
o Header: title of research
o Footer – surname of researcher/s
o Page number on the top right of the paper
o Double-spaced for paragraph spacing
• Contents:
o Title Page
o Acknowledgements – write up of gratitude to those who contributed to the research
o Table of Contents
o Chapter I
o Chapter II
o Chapter III
o Chapter IV
o Chapter V
o Bibliography/ References Cited
o Appendices