PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT 2-1

SY 2023- 2024
2nd Quarter

Name: Grade: Nine Score:

Lars Morada Social Studies:

Math:

Project Name: Collaborating Subjects: Date of Submission:

The Interaction of Supply Social Studies

and Demand Mathematics

Integrated Lessons:
Supply and Demand
Variations
INTRODUCTION

The intricate interplay between supply and demand lies at the heart of economics, influencing the
very essence of market dynamics. As we navigate the complex web of modern commerce, it
becomes imperative to comprehend these forces and harness them to foster entrepreneurial success.
Supply, representing the quantity of goods or services available in the market, and demand, signifying
the consumers' desire for those goods or services, are not only fundamental economic concepts but
also the cornerstones of entrepreneurial ventures. The price, as the equilibrium point at which these
two forces meet, is pivotal in determining a product's or service's value in the market. This intricate
relationship between supply, demand, and pricing serves as the bedrock for entrepreneurship.

The purpose of this performance assessment is to challenge students to delve deeply into the
dynamic world of supply and demand and understand their profound influence on entrepreneurial
endeavors. This assessment not only tests their comprehension of these fundamental economic
principles but also invites them to apply this knowledge in the real world. Through a comprehensive
analysis of supply, demand, and pricing, students will be asked to develop a business plan that
addresses market dynamics and incorporates adaptability. Additionally, the mathematical component
will empower them to use data-driven insights to make informed decisions about their entrepreneurial
venture. By engaging in this assessment, students will not only expand their understanding of
economics but also cultivate the critical thinking and problem-solving skills vital for success in the
ever-evolving world of entrepreneurship.

OBJECTIVES

Social Studies
● Determine the economic factors affected by the concepts of supply and demand.
● Explain the effect of supply and demand on the economy and the other factors affecting the
economy. Show the supply and demand graphs (curves) needed.
● Recommend a solution to the problems at hand.

Mathematics
● Illustrate situations that involve variations.
● Translate a relationship between two quantities into a variation equation and graph given a
table of values.
● Solve problems involving variations (e.g. equilibrium point).

ESSENTIAL SKILLS

Strand Skills: Conceptual Understanding, Procedural Fluency, Strategic Competence, Adaptive

Reasoning, Productive Disposition

Transdisciplinary Skills: Critical Thinking, Creative Thinking, Communication, Collaboration

Technological Skills: Word Processing Skills, Web Navigation Skills, Website Design Skills
OVERVIEW OF THE AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT
Part I: Understanding Entrepreneurship (As a group)
Part II: Understanding the Relationship between Supply and Demand (As a group)
Demand Analysis
Supply Analysis
Price and Equilibrium

Part III: Entrepreneurship Project (As a group)

Business Plan
Pricing Strategy
Market Dynamics

Part IV: Mathematical Investigation - Analyzing Variation

Mathematical Tasks (As a group)
Analyzing Variation

Part V: Mathematical Reflection (Individually)

Part VI. Alternatives and their Impacts (Individually)

CRITERIA

Social Studies

● Background
○ shows the factors that affect the economy; and
15
○ analyzes relevant points about the multiple factors that affect the
economy

● Supply and Demand

○ presents supply and demand graphs and equilibrium points for 30
the sectors involved

● Evidence of Creative, Reflective, and Collaborative Thinking

○ recommends the most feasible solutions and answers from the
following questions;
○ answers all reflection questions meaningfully; and, 15
○ collaborates with and supports partners by asking and answering
questions, sharing relevant resources, offering and providing
assistance during solving, etc.

Mathematics
 ● Evidence of Critical Thinking (Accuracy and Completeness of
Solutions)
40
○ presents accurate 1) supply and demand equations, 2) supply and
demand graphs, 3) equilibrium points for all four (4) sectors

● Evidence of Reflective, and Collaborative Thinking (Creativity of

Proposed Policy, Quality of Reflections, Ability to Collaborate)
○ recommends the most feasible policy after mathematical
investigation and evaluation of proposed policies against a set of
criteria; 10
○ answers all reflection questions meaningfully; and,
○ collaborates with and supports partners by asking and answering
questions, sharing relevant resources, offering and providing
assistance during solving, etc.

● Evidence of Creative Thinking

○ enumerates some ways or plans a country can do to boost the
economy;
10
○ predicts some values using the model and discuss the significance
of the intercepts or vertex;
○ presents output creatively and complete using Google Sites

SPECIFICATION OF TASKS

Part I: Understanding Entrepreneurship

Conduct research about successful businesses in your community and interview the entrepreneur
who founded the business. Inquire about the history of the business, sources of raw materials, the
way the founder interacts with employees, how pricing is done, its prospects ten years from now.
a. What is the name of the business? What is their mission/goal?
b. How did the business start?
c. How has technology, such as computers and the internet, impacted on how the business
operates?
d. What strategies did you follow that helped you land your first sale? Who is their target market
or customers?
e. How do business owners determine the price of their product or service? Under what
circumstance prices might change?
f. How does the business advertise their products?
g. What are the biggest issues for running this business? How did they cope with it?
h. Where does the businessman see himself in the next five years? In the next ten years?
i. What piece of advice did the owner share with you?

Interviewee: Carmencita Valerio

Date: December 3, 5:22pm
The name of the business is Carmen's fruit stand and the owner’s goal is to be able to
provide proper education for their children through financial help from the business. The
business started by first selling meat such as pig, then they tried selling fruits in hope to get
more sales and eventually they did get more sales, and they were able to use the money
they were able to earn from the business to build a house and pay for their children's tuition.
Technology impacted the business by providing a great platform for advertisement, since
during the pandemic sales were slow, the online platforms were able to help promote the
business to gain a lot of sales. For the strategies, they made sure that the fruits they were
selling were of a high quality. Ensuring that the products they are providing to their clients
are of the highest quality was their first priority and that was how they were able to achieve
their first sales.

Fruits are seasonal, meaning that when there's an abundance, the price tends to be lower.
Conversely, when the supply is limited, the price tends to rise. Prices shift based on the
quantity harvested. When there's a limited harvest, prices naturally rise.

For instance, if the fruits are sweet, of course, they offer samples to their regular customers.
However, if the quality isn't good, they won't give them out. They don't mind losing a little as
long as they sell good products to ensure the customers keep coming back. And they can
not deceive the buyers since it would be embarrassing.

When they were starting their business and purchasing fruits to sell, they encountered
people stealing their carefully chosen products. Hard work solved this issue since in her
mindset she stated that if she faced a loss, she told herself, 'Since I just started with 180
pesos, I'll fight through it. I won't stop until I'm still strong.’

During the first 5 years, they hardly slept. For instance, when traveling, they'd head to
Cabanatuan to buy watermelons. Next, they'd proceed to Tarlac to purchase mangoes,
oranges, or whatever was available. Afterwards, they'd transport everything to the store and,
if it is still early, they head back to divisorya once more. Occasionally, they'd also visit
Angeles to check the local produce. All of this was accomplished in just one day. Even after
ten years, they persisted. There wasn't anyone looking after their children, and it was just
the two of them in the store.

Part II. Understanding the Relationship between Supply and Demand

In this part, explore the concept of supply and demand through the lens of entrepreneurship. Using
your service learning program funding plan, provide what is being asked:
Demand Analysis :
a. State the current demand for your product or service in your local or a specific market.
b. Identify the factors affecting demand for your product or service.
c. Explain how changes in these factors can impact demand.

Supply Analysis:
a. Identify the current supply of your product or service in your local or a specific market.
b. Identify the factors affecting supply for your product or service.
c. Explain how changes in these factors can impact supply.

Price and Equilibrium:

a. Determine the current market price of your product or service.
b. Discuss how the interaction of supply and demand affects the equilibrium price and quantity in the
market.

Demand Analysis:
Currently, the demand for our product is around 5-6 dozens of croffles per week.
Some factors that are affecting the demand for our product are the preferences of the consumers, the
price of our product, and our location as well. If some of these factors can be changed, it would affect our
demand positively. For instance, if we had easier access to our customers outside of Pampanga, we
would be able to accommodate some of our customers who live there. If our materials, ingredients, etc
were also much cheaper, we would be able to increase the demand as it would be easier to manage the
money or income we earned.

Supply Analysis:
Our supply currently is the same as our demand. If our customers demand 5-6 dozens of croffles per
week, then we supply 5-6 doughs as well since we obtain our orders through pre-ordering. We were able
to supply a total of 204 pieces of croissant dough (17 dozens) and the following are other ingredients used
during the selling period:
- 1 box (450g) of powdered sugar
- 1 bottle (250mL) of maple syrup
- 4 packs (200g each) of strawberries
- 3 packs (450g each) of chocolate chips
- 1 carton (1030g each) of whipping cream
- 3 matcha bars (500g each)
- 1 pack (1000g) of candied walnuts
- 3 jars (560g each) of Biscoff spread
- 2 packs (250g each) of Biscoff cookies
- 9 sets (25 pcs per pack) of white boxes

The factors that are currently affecting our supply are the prices and the availability of the dough and
ingredients. If there was a change in these factors, then our group would be able to have easier access to
our supply and the process would be much faster and smoother. For example, if the price of our supply
decreases, then we can purchase more which means more croffles to serve. If our supply was also
available all the time, our group would not struggle to find another source for our supply.

Price and Equilibrium:

The current price for our product is P120 for plain croffles, P160 for Chocolate Strawberry croffles, P140
 for Matcha croffles and P140 for our Biscoff croffles, having an average of P140 per croffle.

The supply and demand affects the equilibrium price and quantity of the product in the market because
According to the law of demand, the quantity required increases as prices decrease and vice versa. On
the other hand, the law of supply states that the quantity provided increases together with the rise in
prices. When quantity supplied and demanded are equal, equilibrium is constantly being impacted by
shifts in supply and demand, which are caused by things like customer preferences and technology
advancements. Changes in the supply or demand curve cause changes in the equilibrium price and
quantity; declines in supply and demand lead to lower prices and quantities, and increases result in higher
prices and quantities. This interaction serves as the basis for all economic transactions in the marketplace
between buyers and sellers since it is always changing based on different conditions.

Part III: Entrepreneurship Project

In this part, apply your knowledge of supply and demand to entrepreneurial activities. Each group will
create the following:

Business Plan:
a. State the business plan for the venture you have in your service learning program funding plan.
b. Explain how the business plan addresses the findings from the demand and supply analysis.

Pricing Strategy:
a. Determine the pricing strategy you had for your product or service.
b. Justify your pricing strategy based on supply and demand factors.

Market Dynamics:
a. Describe how the chosen business will adapt to changes in market conditions.
b. Identify potential challenges and opportunities arising from shifts in supply and demand.

Business Plan:
Our business plan for the venture we have in our service learning program funding plan is to be
able to raise 10k pesos to be donated for our tree planting and calamity packages for our service
learning program activity. We also aim to bake 70 - 100 pieces of croffles with four different flavors.
We will be selling this delicious dessert every onsite days. Lastly, we want to obtain consistent sales
and make delicious croffles all throughout our business.

This business plan addresses the findings from the supply and demand analysis because it was
able to help us in terms of costing or pricing of our products. It also helped us estimate what and
when to purchase to manage the demand and supply of our product and was able to provide us
with wider knowledge about the markets.

Pricing Strategy:
To be able to decide on the prices of our products, we calculated for it by listing all the ingredients
and appliances we utilized in making the product, getting their price per unit (per croffle), and
doubling the total for us to ensure that we are making a profit.

For our pricing strategy based on the supply and demand of our products, we observed whether the
consumers are satisfied with the price and made sure that our products are in the normal price
range compared to other products in the market. We did not forget to take into consideration the
price of the supplies as that could affect the final market price of our product. (not final)
 Market Dynamics:

Our business will adapt to changes in market conditions by keeping track of market trends, using
tech to improve processes and automate tasks, keeping the business flexible to make quick
adjustments, and being open to exploring new products to sell.

The potential challenges and opportunities that may arise from shifts in supply and demand are the
sudden changes in the schedule of delivering the croffles to the customers. A sudden shift in
demand can also have a huge effect as it may waste money or income. For example, if our group
has already bought a set of ingredients for this particular product but then a sudden shift in demand
occurs, those ingredients and the money used to purchase them may be put to waste only.

Part IV: Mathematical Investigation- Analyzing Variation

This section will further explore the effects of the issue on the following sectors. Given the following
table of values for supply and demand for each sector, generate the following information to further
guide you in developing an action plan that will benefit some, if not all, of these sectors:
● supply equation
● demand equation
● graphs
● equilibrium point

1. Use Google Jamboard screenshots or clear photos of your neatly handwritten work for your
solutions and GeoGebra Graphing Calculator for the graphs.
2. Use the two-point form of the equation of a line in solving the supply equation. Leave it in the
slope-intercept form.
3. When solving for k in the demand equation, round it off to the nearest whole number.
4. When solving for the equilibrium point, use the quadratic formula.

a. Business Sector: a phone accessories store

Price Supply

Php 40 70

Php 60 185

Php 80 400

Php 100 555

Php 120 890

 Price Demand

Php 40 180

Php 60 120

Php 80 90

Php 100 72

Php 120 60

Supply Equation Demand Equation

Supply Graph Demand Graph

Equilibrium Point
b. Health Sector: a pharmaceutical company that claims to have a cure for the side effects

Price Supply

Php 200 405

Php 250 735

Php 300 1100

Php 350 3200

Php 400 5010

Price Demand

Php 200 630

Php 250 504

Php 300 420

Php 350 360

Php 400 315

Supply Equation Demand Equation

Supply Graph Demand Graph

Equilibrium Point

c. Educational Sector: a book store supply who would like stationaries to be the store’s main
product.
 Price Supply

Php 12 1344

Php 15 1815

Php 18 2970

Php 21 4158

Php 24 5664

Price Demand

Php 12 2100

Php 15 1680

Php 18 1400

Php 21 1200

Php 24 1050

Supply Equation Demand Equation

Supply Graph Demand Graph

 Equilibrium Point

Part V: Mathematical Reflection

a. What type of variation exists between price and supply? Explain your answer.
b. What type of variation exists between price and demand? Explain your answer.
c. What did you personally learn or realize about yourself and about our lessons through this
activity?
d. If you are to rate your level of involvement or participation in this activity, with 3 being the
lowest and 5 being the highest, what score will you give yourself and why? Explain by citing
your contributions.
e. If you are to rate the level of involvement or participation of your partner in this activity, with 3
being the lowest and 5 being the highest, what score will you give each of them and why?
Explain by citing his/her contributions.

a.) The variation that exists between the given price and supply is a direct variation since the supply
varies directly with the price. As it is shown in the table their relation is direct since both price and
supply goes up. However, if we solve for the constant (k) it is not consistent so we had to use an
alternative to solve for the supply equation. We solved the supply equation by substituting the first
and last ordered pairs into the two-point form formula as these ordered pairs represent the
endpoints of the line.

b.) The variation that exists between all the price and demand is inverse variation since the demand
varies inversely with the price. The table demonstrates this inverse relation: when the price
increases, the demand decreases. In the demand equation, the constant (k) remains consistent
across all the ordered pairs, indicating that all the given in the table are inverse variation.

c.) I personally learned how to determine for the supply when the constant is not consistent. As a
result of this, I now understand the concept of both direct variation and supply equation better.

d.) If I were to rate my level of involvement in this activity, I would rate myself a 5 because I have
made the effort to understand and complete this activity. I contributed by assigning the parts of the
performance assessment and checked the graphs and equations.

e.) I would rate my group members in this activity a 5 because they also put in great effort into
accomplishing the tasks. They were easy to communicate with and they assisted me in assigning
tasks.

Part VI. Alternatives and Their Impacts

In this section, analyze two to three problems you have encountered with your entrepreneurship
venture. For each problem, analyze the possible alternatives or solutions you have done. Consider
the questions below:
● What are the problems you have encountered on your funding plan?
● What alternatives or solutions did you use to solve them? Why?
● What realizations have you made after the interview and your experience in your funding plan?

In our first test baking, our planned whipped cream toppings melted too quickly, posing freshness
issues for our Croffles. We swiftly pivoted to using ganache, introducing four new flavors including
Chocolate Strawberry, Lotus Biscoff, Matcha Walnut, and Plain, to ensure lasting freshness and
deliciousness.

Our second challenge arose from underestimating the time needed for our croissant dough to proof.
Delays extended the proofing from two to over four hours, cutting into our baking time with only one
waffle machine. Inexperience compounded the issue, forcing us to improvise and learn efficient task
management to meet next-day orders.

Our third problem was ingredient price hikes, specifically with strawberries, prompting us to
increase the price of our Chocolate Strawberry Croffle.

The fourth challenge came from an overwhelming number of orders for a single day, causing stress
and time constraints. Learning from this, we restructured orders to a maximum of 35 Croffles per
day, ensuring timely completion, quality, and balance with other commitments.

In our last Croffle batch due to high demand, we accepted 90 orders, extending production.
However, a late decision to bake caused a delay in getting croissant dough. Busy schedules forced
us to buy more expensive pre-made croissants, with a P10 difference.

After the interview with my grandmother and experiencing our funding plan, I've come to realize that
establishing and sustaining a business is challenging. During the interview, my grandmother
mentioned sacrificing her time and overworking herself to reach this point. Even if establishing a
business is successful, maintaining it becomes more challenging, requiring genuine passion for
what you do and a continuous investment of energy and strategic thinking skills. I learned that
fostering enduring relationships with customers, employees, and suppliers is crucial as it
contributes significantly to long-term success.