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Pressure
Pressure is defined as a normal force
exerted by a fluid per unit area. We
speak of pressure only when we deal
with a gas or a liquid. The counter part
of pressure in solids is normal stress.
Since pressure is defined as force per
unit area, it has the unit of newtons per
square meter (N/m2) or a pascal (Pa).
Units of Pressure
Unit Symbol Equivalent to 1 atm
Solution:
P = P0e-0.125h
= 1.013 x 105 Pa e-0.125(5.55 km)
= 5.06 x 104 Pa
Problem
Solution:
P = P0e-0.125h
= 1.013 x 105 Pa e-0.125(11 km)
= 2.57 x 104 Pa
Hydrostatic Pressure
Hydrostatic Pressure – the pressure
that a confined fluid exerts on all parts of
the container in contact with
it or on any object immersed in the fluid.
Hydrostatic Pressure
Note: The pressure increases as depth
increases.
Problem
What is the difference in the blood
pressure between the top of the head
and the bottom of the feet of a 1.5 m
person standing erect? The density of
blood is 1060 kg/m3.
Solution:
P = ρgh
P = (1060 kg/m3)(9.8 m/s2)(1.5 m)
= 16,000 Pa
Pressure in a Fluid
2. FB = 60 N – 40 N = 20 N
FB= ρgV → 20 N = (1000 kg/m3)(9.8 m/s2)V
So V = 0.002 m3
Since weight is w = mg, then
w
m g w 1 60 N 1
ρ= = = ∙ = ∙ = 3061 kg/m 3
V V g V 9.8 m/s2 0.002 m3
Assignment 1