KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY

KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY

KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY
KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY
AVOGADRO’S LAW
 --- as an Italian scientist, most noted for his
contribution to molecular theory now known as
Avogadro's law.
---In honor of Avogadro's contributions to
molecular theory, the number of molecules per mole
of a substance is named the "Avogadro constant",
NA. It is exactly 6.02214076×1023 mol−1.
-- The Avogadro constant is used to compute the
results of chemical reactions. It allows chemists to
determine the amounts of substances produced in a
given reaction to a great degree of accuracy.

Amedeo Avogadro(1776-1856)
WHAT IS AVOGADRO’S LAW

--states that the volume of a gas is

DIRECTLY RELATED to the number
of moles when both pressure and
temperature are held constant.
AVOGADRO’S LAW CALCULATIONS

V1 = initial volume
V2 = final volume
n1= initial amount of gas (moles)
n2= final amount of gas (moles)
 AVOGADRO’S LAW SAMPLE PROBLEM
A 1.2L sample of gas is determined to contain 0.07 mole of nitrogen. At the
same temperature and pressure, what amount would there be in a 20 L
sample?
Given: V1= 1.2 L V2=20L n1= 0.07 mol n2=?

Solution: (1.2 L) =20L

(0.07 mol) n2

Solution: (20L) (0.07mol)= 1.2L n2

Solution: (1.4L mol)= 1.2L n2

1.2 L 1.2L
Solution: n2 = 1.17 mol
 AVOGADRO’S LAW SAMPLE PROBLEM
47.6 moles of nitrogen gas (N2) occupies 3.80 L at 25.0oC. What volume will
it occupy at 73 moles?

Given: V1= 3.80 L V2=? n1= 47.6 mol n2=73 mol

Solution: (3.80 L) =V2

(47.6 mole) 73mol

Solution: V2(47.6 mol)=(3.80 L) (73 mol)

Solution: V2(47.6 mol)=277.3 L mol

47.6 mol 47.6 mol
Solution: V2 = 5.83 L
 SW : Avogadro’s Law
A balloon has been filled to a volume of 1.90 L with 0.0920 mol of helium
gas. If 0.0210 mol of additional helium is added to the balloon while the
temperature and pressure are held constant, what is the new volume of the
balloon?

A 4.8 L sample of helium gas contains 0.22mol of helium. How many

additional moles of helium gas must be added to the sample to obtain a
volume of 6.4L?