These are Excel versions of the general characteristic tables from the GMPE compendium

Douglas, J. (2022), Ground motion prediction equations 1964-2021, http://www.gmpe.org.uk.

Reference Area H V E Mmin

Esteva and
Rosenblueth W. USA 46* - U U
(1964)

California &
Kanai (1966) U - U U
Japan

Milne and
Davenport W. USA U - U U
(1969)

Esteva (1970) W. USA U - U U

Denham and Yonki, New

8- 8U
Small (1971) Guinea

Davenport
Unknown U - U U
(1972)

Denham, Small,
Papua New
and Everingham 25 - 25 5
Guinea
(1973)

Mostly W. USA
Donovan (1973) 678 - U <5
but 100+ foreign

Esteva and
Villaverde (1973) W. USA U - U U
& Esteva (1974)

Katayama (1974) Japan 330 - 46 5

McGuire (1974)
& McGuire W. USA 34 - 22 5
(1977)

Orphal and
California 140 - 31 4
Lahoud (1974)

Ahorner and
Rosenhauer Worldwide U - U U
(1975)

N. N. Ambraseys
(1975), N.
Ambraseys U[iii]
Europe 58 - 4
(1975) & N. N.
Ambraseys
(1978a)

Shah and
Movassate Worldwide U - U U
(1975)

Trifunac and
Brady
(1975a),Trifunac
W. USA 181 181 57 4
(1976a) &
Trifunac and
Brady (1976)

California & W. 795[vii]

Blume (1977) - U U
Nevada
Gürpinar (1977) California 64, 34, 13 - U U

Milne (1977) W. USA 200* - U 4

Saeki,
Katayama, and Japan 298 - U U
Iwasaki (1977)

N. N. Ambraseys Europe & Middle

162 - U 3.0*
(1978b) East

Donovan and
W. USA 59 - 10 5
Bornstein (1978)

Mostly W. USA
Faccioli (1978) & Japan, some 47[x] - 23 5
foreign

Goto et al.
Japan 45 - U U
(1978)

R. K. McGuire
W. USA 70 - 17+* 4.5*
(1978b)

A. Patwardhan et al. (1978)[xiv]

Worldwide 63 (32) - 25 (23) 4 (5.3)

Cornell, Banon,
and Shakal W. USA 70 - U U
(1979)

Faccioli (1979) Friuli, Italy 19[xv] - 5* 4

Faccioli and
Friuli, Italy 66 52 14 4
Agalbato (1979)
Aptikaev and
Kopnichev Worldwide Many 100s - (70*) U (59) U
(1980)

Blume (1980) W. USA 816 - U 2

Iwasaki,
Kawashima, and Japan 301 - 51 >5.0
Saeki (1980)

Matuschka
New Zealand 61 - U 4.5*
(1980)

Ohsaki, Watabe,
and Tohdo Japan 75 75 U 4
(1980)

TERA
W. USA+7
Corporation 96 - 22 4
foreign
(1980)

W. USA+8
Campbell (1981) 116 - 27 5
foreign

Chiaruttini and Europe & Mid.

224 - 117 3
Siro (1981) East

Goto, Kameda,
and Sugito Japan 84 - 28 4.3*
(1981)

Joyner and
W. N. America 182 - 23 5
Boore (1981)

Bolt and
Abrahamson W. N. America 182 - 23 5
(1982)
Joyner and
Boore (1982b) &
W. N. America 182 - 23 5
Joyner and
Boore (1988)

Europe + USA +
PML (1982) 113 - 32 4
others

Schenk (1982) Unknown 3500 - U 3

Brillinger and
W. N. America 182 - 23 5
Preisler (1984)

Campbell (1984) & K.W. Campbell (1988)[xix]

Worldwide U - U ≥5

Joyner and
Fumal (1984)
W. N. America 182 - 23 5
and Joyner and
Fumal (1985)

Kawashima,
Aizawa, and
Takahashi
(1984) &
Japan 197 - 90 5
Kawashima,
Aizawa, and
Takahashi
(1986)
McCann Jr. and N. America +
83 - 18 5.0+
Echezwia (1984) foreign

Schenk (1984) Unknown 3500 - U 3

Xu, Shen, and

N. China 19 - 10 5
Hong (1984)

Brillinger and
W. N. America 182 - 23 5
Preisler (1985)

Kawashima,
Aizawa, and
Japan - 119 90* 5.0*
Takahashi
(1985)

Makropoulos and
Burton (1985) &
Worldwide U - U U
Makropoulos
(1978)

K.-Z. Peng, Wu,

N.E. China 73 - 20 4
and Song (1985)

K. Peng et al. Tangshan

93 87 19 3
(1985) region, China

USA + Europe +
PML (1985) 203 - 46 3
others
McCue (1986) E. Australia U - U 2

C.B. Crouse (1987)[xx]S. California U - U U

Krinitzsky,
Chang, and Nuttli
(1987) & Plate boundaries[xxi]389[xxii] - U 5.0*
Krinitzsky,
Chang, and Nuttli
(1988)

Sabetta and
Italy 95 - 17 5
Pugliese (1987)

K. Sadigh (1987)[xxviii]
W. USA + others U - U U

Singh et al.
Mexico 16 - 16 6
(1987)

Algermissen,
Vicinity of San
Hansen, and 82 - U U
Salvador
Thenhaus (1988)

Annaka and
Japan U - 45 U
Nozawa (1988)
Fukushima,
Tanaka, and
Kataoka (1988) Japan+200 W.
486+200 - 28+15 4.6(5.0)
& Fukushima USA
and Tanaka
(1990)

S.W. W.
Gaull (1988) 25+ - 12+ 3
Australia

Joyner and
W. N. America 182 - 23 5
Boore (1988)

McCue, Gibson,
and Wesson S.E. Australia 62 - U 0.5*
(1988)

Petrovski and
Europe 120 120 46 3
Marcellini (1988)

PML (1988)[xxix] USA + Europe +

162 124 30* 3.0*
others

Tong and
Kanto (Japan) <227 - <27 4.5*
Katayama (1988)

Yamabe and
Japan U - 22 5
Kanai (1988)
Youngs, Day, Worldwide
and Stevens subduction 197+389 - 60 5
(1988) zones

Abrahamson and 75%+ California,

585 585 76 5
Litehiser (1989) rest foreign

W. N. America +
Campbell (1989) 190 - 91 3
3 from Managua

W. USA & S.
Huo (1989) U - U U
China

Ordaz, Jara, and Guerrero,

U - U U
Singh (1989) Mexico

Alfaro, Guatemala,
Kiremidjian, and Nicaragua & El 20 - 12 4
White (1990) Salvador

Ambraseys
W. N. America 182 - 23 5
(1990)

Campbell (1990) Unknown U - U U

Dahle, Bungum,
and Kvamme Worldwide
(1990) & Dahle, intraplate 87 - 56 3
Bugum, and regions
Kvamme (1990)

Jacob et al.
E. N. America U - 8 2
(1990)

Whittier Narrows
Sen (1990) 72* - 11 2
area

Sigbjörnsson
Iceland U - U U
(1990)

Tsai, Brady, and

Worldwide <217 - <51 4.9*
Cluff (1990)

Ambraseys and
Bommer (1991)
Europe & Mid. H:219,
& N. N. 529 459 4
East V:191
Ambraseys and
Bommer (1992)

Worldwide
Crouse (1991) subduction 697[xxxiii] - U 5
zones
Garcı̀a-
Fernàndez and
Canas (1991) & Iberia[xxxiv]
57 367 U 3
Garcia-
Fernandez and
Canas (1995)

Geomatrix
Consultants
(1991), Sadigh et California with 4
960+4 U 119+2 3.8 (6.8)
al. (1993) & foreign
Sadigh et al.
(1997)

Huo and Hu W. USA with 25

383+25 - 14+2 5
(1991) foreign

I.M. Idriss (1991)

reported in Idriss Unknown 572 - 30* 5
(1993)

Loh et al. (1991) Taiwan 112 - 63 4

Matuschka and
New Zealand 80 80 30 U
Davis (1991)
Niazi and
array, Taiwan 236 234 12 4
Bozorgnia (1991)

Rogers et al.
Worldwide 1241 - 180* 5.3*
(1991)

Mainly Italy and

Stamatovska and 489[xxxvii]
former - 78 3*
Petrovski (1991)
Yugoslavia

Abrahamson and
Unknown U - U U
Youngs (1992)

N. N.
Ambraseys, USA + Europe +
504 - 45 3
Bommer, and others
Sarma (1992)

J. Huo and Hu
China & W. USA U - U U
(1992)

Kamiyama,
O’Rourke, and
Flores-Berrones
Japan 357 - 82 4
(1992) &
Kamiyama
(1995)
Kamiyama
(1995)

Sigbjörnsson and
Baldvinsson Iceland 262 - 39 2
(1992)

Silva and
W. USA with 4
Abrahamson 136 - 12 6
foreign
(1992)

Nicaragua, El
Taylor Castillo et
Salvador & 89 - 27 3
al. (1992)
Costa Rica

Tento,
Franceschina,
Italy 137 - 40 4
and Marcellini
(1992)

Theodulidis and
Greece+16 105+16[xxxviii]
Papazachos - 36+4 4.5 (7.2)
foreign
(1992)

Abrahamson and W. USA with 4

201 - 18 6
Silva (1993) foreign

Boore, Joyner,
and Fumal
(1993), Boore,
W. N. America 271 - 20 5.1[xxxix]
Joyner, and
Fumal (1997) &
Boore (2005)
Boore (2005)

Campbell (1993) Worldwide U - U U[xl]

Dowrick and
New Zealand U - 8U
Sritharan (1993)

Gitterman,
Zaslavsky, and Israel U - U 4
Shapira (1993)

McVerry et al.
(1993) &
McVerry, New Zealand 256 - 31* 5
Dowrick, and
Zhao (1995)

Midorikawa
Japan U - U 7
(1993a)

Quijada et al.
S. America U - U U
(1993)

Nicaragua, El
Singh et al.
Salvador & 89 - 27 3
(1993)
Costa Rica

Steinberg et al.
Worldwide U - U U
(1993)

Sun and Peng W. USA with 1

150+1 - 42+1 4
(1993) foreign
Ambraseys and
Worldwide 947 - 76 5
Srbulov (1994)

Boore, Joyner,
and Fumal
(1994a) & Boore, W. N. America 271 (70) - 20 (9) 5.1[xlii] (5.3)
Joyner, and
Fumal (1997)

El Hassan (1994) Unknown U - U U

Fat-Helbary and
Aswan, Egypt 50 - 50 U
Ohta (1994)

Fukushima,
Gariel, and
Tanaka (1994) & 3 vertical arrays
285 284 42 5
Fukushima, in Japan
Gariel, and
Tanaka (1995)

Lawson and
Krawinkler W. USA 250+ - 11 6
(1994)

Lungu et al.
Romania ≈ 300 125 4 6
(1994)
Musson, Marrow,
and Winter UK + 30* foreign 15 + 30* - 4+16 3 (3.7)
(1994)

Radu et al.
(1994), Lungu,
6.7(ML)
Coman, and
Romania 106 - 3 or
Moldoveanu
7.0(Mw)
(1995) & Lungu
et al. (1996)

Ramazi and
Iran 83 83 20 5
Schenk (1994)

Yunnan, China +
Xiang and Gao
114 W. N. 131+114 - U 2.5*
(1994)
America

Aman, Singh, Himalayan

84* - 5 6
and Singh (1995) region

N. N. Ambraseys Europe and Mid.

830 620 334 4
(1995) East

Dahle et al.
Cen. America 280 - 72 3*
(1995)
V. W. Lee,
Trifunac,
W. N. America 1926 1926 297 2
Todorovska, et
al. (1995)

6.7(ML)
Lungu et al.
Romania 106 - 3 or
(1995)
7.0(Mw)

Molas and
Japan 2166 - 387 4.1*
Yamazaki (1995)

Sarma and Free E. N. America[xlix]

77 - 33 3
(1995)

N. N.
Ambraseys,
Simpson, and Europe & Mid.
422 - 157 4
Bommer (1996) East
& Simpson
(1996)

N. N. Ambraseys
and Simpson Europe & Mid.
- 417 157 4
(1996) & East
Simpson (1996)
Aydan, Sedaki,
and Yarar (1996) Turkey 27* 23* 19* 3.5*
& Aydan (2001)

Bommer et al. El Salvador &

36 - 20 4
(1996) Nicaragua

Crouse and Cen. & S.

238 - 16 6
McGuire (1996) California

Free (1996) &

Stable
Free, H: 222, V:
continental 558 478 2
Ambraseys, and 189
regions
Sarma (1998)

Inan et al. (1996) Turkey U - U U

Ohno et al.
California 248 - 17 5
(1996)

Romeo,
Tranfaglia, and
Italy 95 - 17 4.6*
Castenetto
(1996)

Sarma and
Worldwide 350 - 114 4
Srbulov (1996)
Singh, Aman,
and Prasad Himalayas 86 - 5 6
(1996)

Spudich et al. Worldwide

(1996) & Spudich extensional 128 - 30 5
et al. (1997) regimes

Romania,
Stamatovska and Bulgaria & 190[lii] - 4 6
Petrovski (1996) former
Yugoslavia

Ansal (1997) Turkey U - U U

Campbell (1997),
Campbell (2000),
Campbell (2001) Worldwide 645 225 H:47, V:26 5
& Campbell and
Bozorgnia (1994)

Munson and
Hawaii 51 - 22 4
Thurber (1997)

Pancha and
New Zealand U - U U
Taber (1997)

Rhoades (1997) W. N. America 182 - 23 5

Schmidt, Dahle,
and Bungum Costa Rica 200 - 57 3
(1997)

Worldwide
Youngs et al.
subduction 476 - 164 5
(1997)
zones

Zhao, Dowrick,
NZ with 66 461[liv]+66
and McVerry - 49+17 5
foreign
(1997)

Baag et al.
Korea U - U U
(1998)

Bouhadad et al.
Algeria U - 2 6
(1998)

Costa, Suhadolc,
and Panza Friuli 80* 80* 20* 1.3*
(1998)

Manic (1998) N.W. Balkans 276[lv] - 56 4

University City,
Reyes (1998) 20+ - 20+ U
Mexico City

Rinaldis et al.
Italy & Greece 137* - 24* 5
(1998)

Sadigh and Egan California with 4

960+4 - 119+2 4
(1998) foreign

Sarma and 690[lvii]

Worldwide - 113 4
Srbulov (1998)

Indian
Sharma (1998) 66 - 5 6
Himalayas
 Indian
Sharma (1998) 66 - 5 6
Himalayas

Switzerland +
H: <120,
Smit (1998) some from S. ≪ 1546 <1546 2
V: 120
Germany

N. P. Theodulidis EuroSeisTest
225 - 51 2
(1998) (N. Greece)

Theodulidis et al. Kozani-Grevena 232[lviii]

- >23 3
(1998) (Greece)

Cabañas et al.
(1999), Cabañas
et al. (2000),
Benito et al. Mediterranean region[lix]
U U U 3
(2000) & Benito
and Gaspar-
Escribano (2007)

Chapman (1999) W. N. America 304 - 23 5

Cousins, Zhao,
NZ with 66
and Perrin 610+66 - 25+17 5
foreign
(1999)

Gallego and
Ordaz (1999) & Colombia U - U U
Gallego (2000)
Ólafsson and
Sigbjörnsson Iceland 88[lxii] - 17 3
(1999)

Worldwide
Spudich et al.
extensional 142 - 39 5
(1999)
regimes

Wang, Wu, and Tangshan, N.

44 - 6 4
Bian (1999) China

Zaré, Ghafory-
Ashtiany, and Iran 468 468 47* 3
Bard (1999)

N. Ambraseys
and Douglas
(2000), Douglas
Worldwide 186 183 44 6
(2001b) &
Ambraseys and
Douglas (2003)

Bozorgnia,
Campbell, and Worldwide 2823 2823 48 5
Niazi (2000)
Campbell and 960[lxiv] 941[lxv] 49[lxvi]
Worldwide 5
Bozorgnia (2000)

Field (2000) S California 447 - 28 5

Central
Jain et al. (2000) 32 (117) - 3 6
Himalayas

Kobayashi et al.
Japan U - U 5
(2000)

Monguilner,
Ponti, and W. Argentina 54[lxvii] - 10 4
Pavoni (2000)

Paciello,
Rinaldis, and Greece & Italy 115 - 18 4.5*
Romeo (2000)

Indian
Sharma (2000) - 66 5 6
Himalayas

Si and
Midorikawa Japan 856 - 21 6
(1999, 2000)

P. Smit et al.
Caucasus 84 - 26 4
(2000)

Takahashi et al. Japan+166

1332 - U+7* 5* (5.8*)
(2000) foreign

G. Wang and
W. N. America 182 - 23 5
Tao (2000)
S. Y. Wang and
China U - U U
others (2000)

Chang, Cotton, 45 4
4720[lxix],
and Angelier Taiwan -
2528[lxx]
(2001)
, 19 , 4.6

Herak, Markus̆ ić,

and Ivančić Dinarides 145 145 46 5
(2001)

Lussou et al.
Japan 3011 3011 102 4
(2001)

Sanchez and Pacific coast of

U - U U
Jara (2001) Mexico

Wu, Shin, and

Taiwan 1941 - 60 5
Chang (2001)

Y.-H. Chen and

Taiwan 424 - 48 U
Tsai (2002)

Shallow crustal
N. Gregor, Silva,
worldwide
and Darragh 993 993 68 4
(mainly
(2002)
California)

Gülkan and 93[lxxi]

Turkey - 19 5
Kalkan (2002)

Iglesias et al.
Mexico U - 10 5
(2002)
Khademi (2002) Iran 160 160 28* 3.4*

Margaris et al.
(2002a) &
Greece 744 - 142 5
Margaris et al.
(2002b)

Saini, Sharma,
and Indian
U U U U
Mukhopadhyay Himalayas
(2002)

Schwarz et al.
N.W. Turkey 683 683 U 0.9*
(2002)

Stamatovska 190[lxxii]
Romania - 4 6
(2002)

Tromans and
Europe 249 - 51 6
Bommer (2002)

Zonno and
Umbria-Marche 161 - 15 5
Montaldo (2002)

Alarcón (2003) Colombia 47 - U 4

Alchalbi, Costa,
and Suhadolc Syria 49 49 10 4
(2003)
Atkinson and Subduction
1200+ - 43* 6
Boore (2003) zones

Boatwright et al.
N. California 4028 - 104 3
(2003)

Bommer,
Europe & Mid.
Douglas, and 422 - 157 4
East
Strasser (2003)

Campbell and
Bozorgnia
(2003d),
Campbell and
Bozorgnia Worldwide 443[lxxiii] 439[lxxiv] 36[lxxv] 5
(2003a) &
Bozorgnia and
Campbell
(2004b)

Halldórsson and
Sveinsson Iceland 131 - 12 4
(2003)

Li and others
Yunnan, China U - U U
(2003)

Nishimura and
Japan U U U U
Horike (2003)

Shi and Shen

Shanghai region U - U U
(2003)
Sigbjörnsson and
Europe & Middle
Ambraseys 465 - U 5*
East
(2003)

Skarlatoudis et
Greece 1000 - 225 5
al. (2003)

Ulutaş and Özer

Turkey 221 - U 5
(2003)

Zhao and others

Yunnan, China U - U U
(2003)

Beauducel,
Bazin, and
Guadeloupe 1430 - 398 1
Bengoubou-
Valerius (2004)

Unknown
Beyaz (2004) U - U U
(Turkey?)

NE Italy (45–
Bragato (2004) 46.5∘N & 12– 814 - 192 3
14∘E)

Cantavella et al.
Iberia U - U 3
(2004)
Cantavella et al.
Iberia U - U 3
(2004)

Gupta and Gupta Koyna region,

31 31 U U
(2004) India

Iyengar and
N India 61 - >5 5.5*
Ghosh (2004)

Kalkan and
Turkey - 100 47 4
Gülkan (2004a)

Kalkan and
Gülkan (2004b)
Turkey 112 - 57 4
and Kalkan and
Gülkan (2005)

Stable
Lubkowski et al.
continental 163 - U 3
(2004)
regions

Marin et al.
France 63 - 14 3
(2004)

Midorikawa and
Japan 3335 - 33 6
Ohtake (2004)

Özbey et al.
NW Turkey 195 - 17 5
(2004)

Pankow and
Pechmann
Worldwide
(2004) and
extensional 142 - 39 5
Pankow and
regimes
Pechmann
(2006)
 regimes
Pechmann
(2006)

Skarlatoudis et
Greece 819 - 423 2
al. (2004)

Sunuwar,
Okhotsk-Amur
Cuadra, and 667 667 42 4
plate boundary
Karkee (2004)

Ulusay et al.
Turkey 221 - 122 4
(2004)

Y.-X. Yu and
W USA 187 - >17 5.0*
Wang (2004)

Adnan et al. Worldwide

1100 - U 5
(2005) subduction

N. N. Ambraseys Europe & Middle

595 - 135 5
et al. (2005a) East

N. N. Ambraseys Europe & Middle

- 595 135 5
et al. (2005b) East

Bragato (2005) Worldwide 243 - 60* 5

 E Alps (45.6–
Bragato and
46.8∘N & 12– 1402 3168 240 3
Slejko (2005)
14∘E)

Frisenda et al. 6899[lxxvii]

NW Italy - >1152 0.0*
(2005)

Garcı́a et al.
Central Mexico 277 277 16 5
(2005)

Liu and Tsai

Taiwan 7907 7907 51 4
(2005)

Central Utah
McGarr and
coal-mining 72 - 12 1
Fletcher (2005)
areas

Nath, Vyas, Pal,

Sikkim
and Sengupta 240* - 80 3
(Himalaya)
(2005)

Nowroozi (2005) Iran 279 279 45 3.0*

Ruiz and Saragoni (2005) & Saragoni, Astroza, and Ruiz (2004)[lxxxi]
Chile 41 41 8 6

Takahashi et al.
(2005), Zhao et
Japan+208
al. (2006) and 4518+208 - 249+20 5
overseas
Fukushima et al.
(2006)

Wald et al.
California U - U U
(2005)

G. M. Atkinson Los Angeles

4179 - 485+ 3.1*
(2006) region

Shallow crustal
Beyer and (USA, Taiwan,
949 - 103 4.3*
Bommer (2006) Turkey and
others)

Bindi et al.
Umbria-Marche 239 - 45 4
(2006)

Campbell and
Bozorgnia
(2006a) and
Worldwide 1500+ - 60+ 4
Campbell and
Bozorgnia
(2006b)
Costa et al. NE Italy &
900* 900* 123 3.0*
(2006) Slovenia

Gómez-Soberón,
Tena-Colunga,
Mexico 1983 - 109 4.5*
and Ordaz
(2006)

Hernandez et al. Haulien LSTT

456 456 51 5
(2006) (Taiwan)

Ciudad
Jaimes, Reinoso,
Universitaria
and Ordaz 21 - 21 6
station, Mexico
(2006)
City

Jean et al.
Taiwan U (>3000) - 59 (>242) 5.0*
(2006)

3392+377
Kanno et al. Japan+some 73+10 & 5.0* (6.1)
(shallow) & -
(2006) foreign 111 & 5.5*
8150 (deep)

Kataoka et al.
Japan 5160 - 47 4.8*
(2006)

Laouami et al.
Algeria 28 - 4 6
(2006)

Luzi et al. (2006) Molise (Italy) 886 - U 2.6*

Mahdavian Central Iran[lxxxii] 150 150 U 3

(2006)

New
McVerry et al. 5.08
Zealand+66 535+66 - 49+17
(2006) (5.2)
overseas
Moss and Der
Kiureghian W. N. America 271 - 20 5
(2006)

Pousse et al. 9390[lxxxiii]

Japan - U 4
(2006)

Souriau (2006) France 175 - 20 3

Tapia (2006) &

Tapia, Susagna, Western
334 - 30 4
and Goula Mediterranean
(2007)

Tsai, Chen, and

Taiwan 7123 - 744 4*
Liu (2006)

Zare and Sabzali

Iran 89 89 55* 3
(2006)

Akkar and Europe & Middle

532 - 131 5
Bommer (2007a) East

Amiri,
Mahdavian, and
Dana (2007a) & Alborz and central Iran[lxxxiv]
200* 200* 50* 4.5*
Amiri,
Mahdavian, and
Dana (2007b)
Aydan (2007) Turkey U - U U

Bindi et al.
NW Turkey 4047 4047 528 1
(2007)

Bommer et al. Europe and

997 - 289 3
(2007) Middle East

Boore and
Atkinson (2007) Worldwide
1574 - 58 4.27[lxxxvii]
& Boore and shallow crustal
Atkinson (2008)

Campbell and
Bozorgnia
(2007), Campbell
and Bozorgnia Worldwide
1561 - 64 4.27[xc]
(2008b) & shallow crustal
Campbell and
Bozorgnia
(2008a)
Danciu and
Tselentis
(2007a), Danciu
Greece 335 - 151 5
and Tselentis
(2007b) &
Danciu (2006)

Douglas (2007) Mw rjb

S. Fukushima,
Japan (central
Hayashi, and 8615 - 158 5
Honshu)
Yashiro (2007)

Graizer and
Worldwide
Kalkan (2007, 2583 - 47 4.9[xcii]
shallow crustal
2008)

Güllü and
Turkey 210 - U 3
Erçelebi (2007)

Hong and Goda

(2007) & Goda California 592 - 39 5*
and Hong (2008)

Massa et al. Central northern

1063 - 243 3
(2007) Italy

Popescu et al.
Romania U - 58 4*
(2007)
Sobhaninejad,
Europe & Middle
Noorzad, and 589 589 131 5
East
Ansari (2007)

Tavakoli and
Taiwan 424 - 48 4.3*
Pezeshk (2007)

Tejeda-Jácome
and Chávez- Colima, Mexico 162 162 26 3
Garcı́a (2007)

Abrahamson and
Silva (2008) & Worldwide
2754 - 135 4.27[xcv]
Abrahamson and shallow crustal
Silva (2009)

Ágústsson,
orbjarnardóttir,
South Iceland 1085 1085 64 4
and Vogfjör
(2008)

Aghabarati and
Worldwide
Tehranizadeh 646 - 54 5
shallow crustal
(2008)

Al-Qaryouti
Dead Sea area 57 - 30 4
(2008)
C. Cauzzi and
Faccioli (2008),
C. V. Cauzzi
Worldwide
(2008) & C. 1164 1132 60 5
shallow crustal
Cauzzi, Faccioli,
Paolucci, et al.
(2008)

China, Taiwan
L. Chen (2008) 249 249 55 4
and Japan

B. S.-J. Chiou
Worldwide
and Youngs 1950 - 125 4.265[xcviii]
shallow crustal
(2008)

Cotton et al.
Japan 3894 - 337 4
(2008)

Güllü, Ansal, and

Turkey 210 - U 3
Özbay (2008)

Humbert and Europe & Middle

960 - 138 4
Viallet (2008) East

Worldwide
Idriss (2008) 942 - 72 5
shallow crustal

Lin and Lee NE Taiwan+10

4244+139 - 44+10 4.1 (6.0)
(2008) foreign
Massa et al.
Northern Italy 306 306 82 3.5 & 4.0
(2008)

Mezcua, Garcı́a
Blanco, and Spain 250 - 149 3
Rueda (2008)

Morasca et al.
Molise 3090 3090 100 3
(2008)

Slejko et al. Caucasus (36–

200 - ≥21 4.0*
(2008) 46∘N, 38–52∘E)

Srinivasan et al. Kolar Gold

795 - 795 1
(2008) Fields, India

Adnan and
Lalaysia 93 - 14 7
Suhatril (2009)

Aghabarati and
Worldwide
Tehranizadeh 678 678 55 5
shallow crustal
(2009)

Akyol and Western

168 - 49 4
Karagöz (2009) Anatolia
Baruah et al. Shillong plateau
82 - U 2.5*
(2009) (India)

Bindi, Luzi, and

Italy 241 241 27 5
Pacor (2009)

Bindi, Luzi, et al.

Italy 235 - 27 5
(2009)

Bragato (2009) Italy 922 - 116 3

Cabalar and 93[civ]

Turkey - 19 5
Cevik (2009)

Garcı̀a Blanco
Spain U - 149 U
(2009)

8557 (3410 155 (51

Goda and
Japan shallow, 5147 - shallow, 6
Atkinson (2009)
deep) 104 deep)

H. P. Hong,
Mexico
Pozos-Estrada,
(interface & 418, 277 -, - 40, 16 5.0, 5.2
and Gomez
inslab)
(2009)

H. P. Hong,
Zhang, and California 592 - 39 5*
Goda (2009)

Kuehn,
Scherbaum, and Worldwide 2660 - 60 6
Riggelsen (2009)
Li, Li, and Li
Yunnan, China 240 - U 3
(2009)

Mandal et al.
Gujarat, India 248 - 33 3
(2009)

Moss (2009) & Worldwide

1950 - 125 4
Moss (2011) shallow crustal

Pétursson and
SW Iceland 823 823 46 3
Vogfjörd (2009)

Rupakhety and
South
Sigbjörnsson 64+29 - 12 5
Iceland+others
(2009)

Akkar and Europe & Middle

532 - 131 5
Bommer (2010) East

Akkar and
Turkey 433 - 137 5
Çağnan (2010)

Arroyo et al. Pacific coast of

418 - 40 5
(2010) Mexico

Bindi et al.
Italy 561 561 107 4
(2010)

Southern
Cua and Heaton
California+other 3588+1607 - 70 2 (5)
(2010)
shallow crustal

Douglas and
Europe & Middle
Halldórsson 595 - 135 5
East
(2010)
Douglas and
Europe & Middle
Halldórsson 595 - 135 5
East
(2010)

Faccioli,
Worldwide
Bianchini, and 1499 - ≤ 60 5
shallow crustal
Villani (2010)

Graizer, Kalkan,
and Lin (2010) &
Worldwide 13992 - 245 4
Graizer, Kalkan,
and Lin (2013)

Hong and Goda California[cv]

592 - 39 5
(2010)

Iervolino et al.
Italy 95 - 17 5
(2010)

Jayaram and Worldwide

1561 - 64 4
Baker (2010) shallow crustal

Montalva (2010)
& Rodriguez-
Japan 3894 - 337 4
Marek et al.
(2011)
Ornthammarath
et al. (2010),
Ornthammarath
South Iceland 81 - 6 5
(2010) &
Ornthammarath
et al. (2011)

Sokolov et al.
Taiwan 4656 - 66 4.6*
(2010)

Ulutaş and Özer Marmara region,

751 - 78 4
(2010) Turkey

Alavi et al. Worldwide

2252 - U 5.1*
(2011) shallow crustal

Anderson and Guerrero,

293 293 27 5
Uchiyama (2011) Mexico

Arroyo and Worldwide

906 - 44 U
Ordaz (2011) shallow crustal

Beauducel et al. Guadeloupe

1430 - 400* 1*
(2011) (France)

Bindi, Pacor, et
Italy 769 - 99 4
al. (2011)

Emolo,
Campania-
Convertito, and 875 - 123 2
Lucania, Italy
Cantore (2011)
Gehl, Bonilla,
and Douglas Japan 3874 - 335 4
(2011)

Joshi, Kumar,
and Sinvhal Kumaon
130 - 82 4
(2011) & Joshi et Himalaya (India)
al. (2012)

Kayabali and 482[cvii]

Turkey - U 4
Beyaz (2011)

Luzi et al. (2011) Italy U - U 4.0*

P.-S. Lin, Lee, et Taiwan + 8

5181+87 - 44+8 3.5 (6.0)
al. (2011) foreign events

Yilmaz (2011) SW Turkey 66 - 44 3

Tangshan,
Yuen and Mu Xinjiang and
266 - 147 3.6*
(2011) Guangdong
(China)

Chang, Jean,
Taiwan 302 - 58 6
and Loh (2012)
Contreras and
Boroschek Chile 117 - 13 7
(2012)

Convertito et al. Geysers, N. U[cviii] - 220 1

(2012) California

Sichuan-Yunnan
Cui et al. (2012) 962 - >21 5
(China)

Di Alessandro et
Italy 602 - 120 4
al. (2012)

Gómez-Bernal,
Lecea, and
Mexico 607 607 17[cix] 6
Juárez-Garcı́a
(2012)

Hamzehloo and 109[cx]

East central Iran 258 - 4.9*
Mahood (2012)

Japan &
Hung and northern
447 + 22 - 7 3.9 (2.7)
Kiyomiya (2012) Vietnam and
Yunnan (China)

Laouami and Algeria + Europe 633 + 528 & 155[cxi] 82+17* &
- 3 (5*)
Slimani (2012) & USA 7*

Mohammadnejad Worldwide
2252 - U 5
et al. (2012) shallow crustal
 Peninsular
Nabilah and
Malaysia & 35 - 9 7
Balendra (2012)
Singapore

Nguyen et al. Northern

330 - 53 2
(2012) Vietnam

Saffari et al.
Iran 351 - 78 5
(2012)

Shah et al. N. Pakistan/N.

128 - 25 4
(2012) India

Abrahamson,
Worldwide
Silva, and Kamai 15750 - 326 3
shallow crustal
(2013, 2014)

Boore et al. Worldwide

15000* - 350* 3
(2013, 2014) shallow crustal

Campbell and
Worldwide
Bozorgnia (2013, 15521 - 322 3.0[cxiv]
shallow crustal
2014)

Chiou and
Worldwide
Youngs (2013, 12244 - 300 3.1*[cxvi]
shallow crustal
2014)

Mainly
Douglas et al.
geothermally- 3968 - 535 1*
(2013)
related
Edwards and Cooper Basin
2089 - 427 2
Douglas (2013) (Australia)

Idriss (2013, Worldwide

2353 - 151 4.5[cxix]
2014) shallow crustal

Joshi, Kumar,
Uttarakhand
Castanos, et al. U, 29 - U, U 3.5, 3.5
Himalaya (India)
(2013)

Laurendeau et
Japan 2357 - 132 5
al. (2013)

Morikawa and
Japan 21681 - 333 6
Fujiwara (2013)

Pacific
Earthquake
Worldwide
Engineering - Mw
shallow crustal
Research Center
(2013)

Segou and Europe & Middle

327 - 164 4
Voulgaris (2013) East

Sharma et al. Geysers, N.

5451 - 212 1
(2013) California

Skarlatoudis et Hellenic Arc

743 - 21 4
al. (2013) (Greece)
Villalobos- Medellı̀n and
Escobar and Aburrà Valley 596 - 17 3
Castro (2013) (Colombia)

Akkar,
Sandıkkaya, and Europe & Middle
1041 - 221 4
Bommer (2014a, East
2014b)

Ansary (2014) Himalaya, India R: 229, S: 187 - 150* 2.5*

Bindi, Massa, et
Europe & Middle
al. (2014b, 1224, 2126 - 225, 365 4
East
2014a)

Derras, Cotton, Europe & Middle

1088 - 320 3.6[cxxii]
and Bard (2014) East

Ghofrani and
Japan > 1000 - 6 7
Atkinson (2014)

Gianniotis,
Kuehn, and Various
Mw rhypo
Scherbaum Eurasian areas
(2014)
 San Jacinto fault
Kurzon et al.
zone (S. 29474 - 809 2
(2014)
California, USA)

146, 658,
Luzi et al. (2014) Italy 829, 2805, 401 - 4, 4, 3.5
41

Rodrı́guez-Pérez Cen. and S. 5.1 (F),

75 (F), 121 (B) - 8 F, 25 B
(2014) Mexico 5.0 (B)

9 events from
Vacareanu et al. Vrancea 5.2 (5.6)[cxxvi]
233+198 - 9+17
(2014) (Romania) + 17
foreign events

Atkinson (2015) California U - U 3*

Breska, Perus,
3550 for rjb &
and Stankovski Worldwide - 173 4
3083 for rrup
(2015)

C. Cauzzi, Worldwide
Faccioli, Vanini, shallow active 1880 - 98 5
et al. (2015) crustal

Emolo et al.
South Korea 11129 - 222 2
(2015)
Graizer and
Kalkan (2015) & Worldwide
2583 - 47 4.9[cxxx]
Graizer and shallow crustal
Kalkan (2016)

Haendel et al.
Northern Chile 1094 - 138 5*
(2015)

Jaimes,
Ramirez-Gaytán, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City[cxxxii]
22 - 22 5
and Reinoso
(2015)

Kale et al. (2015) Turkey & Iran 1198 - 313 4

Kuehn and
Europe & Middle
Scherbaum 835 - 279 4
East
(2015)

Pacific
Earthquake
Engineering Cen. and E. N.
Research Center America + 6061[cxxxiv] - 78[cxxxv] 3
(2015) — Al foreign
Noman and
Cramer
Pacific
Earthquake
Engineering Cen. and E.
5026 - 48 3.75[cxxxvii]
Research Center USA
(2015) — Graizer
& Graizer (2016)

Vrancea,
Vacareanu, Romania +
Radulian, et al. foreign 344+360 - 9+29 5.2 (5.1)
(2015) intermediate-
depth

Vuorinen, Tiira, Fennoscandian

U - 2239 U
and Lund (2015) shield

Wan Ahmad et
Malaysia 130 - 10 4
al. (2015)

Zhao et al. Japan + some

16362 - 335 + 62 4.9*
(2015) overseas

Abrahamson,
Gregor, and Worldwide 2590 for B, 953 63 for B, 5.0 for B,
-
Addo (2016) & subduction for F 43 for F 6.0 for F
BC Hydro (2012)
Bozorgnia and
Worldwide
Campbell - 15161 321 3.0[cxl]
shallow crustal
(2016b)

Kaveh,
Bakhshpoori, Worldwide
2252 - U 5
and Hamzeh- shallow crustal
Ziabari (2016)

S. R. Kotha,
Europe & Middle
Bindi, and Cotton 1251 - U 4
East
(2016a, 2016b)

Kuehn and
Europe & Middle
Scherbaum 1261 - 362 4
East
(2016)

Landwehr et al. California &

10692 - 221 3.0*
(2016) Nevada

Lanzano et al. Po Plain & NE

2489 - 94 4
(2016) Italy

Mu and Yuen Tangshan,

132 - 72 4.0*
(2016) China

Noor et al.
(2016) & Nazir et Malaysia 130 - 11 4
al. (2016)

Sedaghati and Europe & Middle

350 - 85 5
Pezeshk (2016) East
Shoushtari,
Malaysia, Japan
Adnan, and Zare 531 - 13 5
and Iran
(2016)

Stewart et al. Worldwide

- 17089 U 3
(2016) shallow crustal

Sung and Lee

Taiwan 19887 - 150 4
(2016)

1158 38
Tusa and Langer Mount Etna, 1158 (shallow),
(shallow), (shallow), 3
(2016) Italy 1957 (deep)
1957 (deep) 53 (deep)

Wang et al. Offshore NE

832 - 13 4
(2016) Taiwan

J. X. Zhao,
Jiang, et al. Japan 4555+155 - 125+11 5.0*
(2016)

J. X. Zhao,
Liang, et al. Japan 3111+463 - 76 5.0*
(2016)

J. X. Zhao, Zhou, Japan + some

5957 - 117 5
et al. (2016) foreign

Ameri et al. Europe & Middle

2355 - 384 3
(2017) East

Baltay, Hanks,
San Jacinto fault
and Abrahamson 14840 - 3200 1
(USA)
(2017)
Bindi et al. Worldwide
4692 - 242 3*
(2017) shallow crustal

Çağnan et al. Europe & Middle

- 1041 221 4
(2017a, 2017b) East

Derras, Bard,
and Cotton Japan 977 - 214 4
(2017)

Garcı́a-Soto and Mexico (Pacific

418 418 40 5
Jaimes (2017) coast)

Gülerce et al. Worldwide

- 15597 326 3
(2017) shallow crustal

114 for B, 369 38 for B,

Idini et al. (2017) Chile - 6
for F 65 for F

Institute of
Seismology at
the University of
Finland U - U -1
Helsinki (2017)
cited by Ader et
al. (2019)

Kumar et al.
NE India 216 - 24 4
(2017)
G. A. Montalva,
Bastı́as, and
2461 for F, 281 for F,
Rodriguez-Marek Chile - 4.5*
1313 for S 192 for B
(2017b, 2017a,
2017c)

Liew et al. (2017) Malaysia 111, 65, 82 - 10, 5, 7 U, U, U

Oth, Miyake, and

Japan 118102 - 1905 3
Bindi (2017)

Peruzza et al. Mount Etna,

1158 - 38 3
(2017) Italy

Sedaghati and
Iran 688 688 152 5
Pezeshk (2017)

Shahidzadeh
and Yazdani Iran 289 - 136 5.0*
(2017)

Soghrat and
N Iran 325 325 55 4
Ziyaeifar (2017)

Zuccolo,
Bozzoni, and Lai Southwest Italy 2270 - 319 2
(2017)
Ameur, Derras,
Worldwide
and Zendagui 2335 - 137 3.2[cxlix]
shallow crustal
(2018)

Bajaj and
Anbazhagan Himalaya 512 - 66 4
(2018)

Chousianitis et
Greece 652 - 72 4.0*
al. (2018)

M. D’Amico et al. S Calabria &

840 - 48 4
(2018) Sicily (S Italy)

Erken, Nomaler,
NW Turkey + 4.1 + 6.6[cliii]
and Gündüz 369 + 33 - 19 + 7
foreign
(2018)

Felicetta et al.
Italy 769 - 99 4
(2018)

Javan-Emrooz,
N Iran, E
Eskandari-Ghadi,
Turkey, Armenia 463 463 107 5
and Mirzaei
& Georgia
(2018)

Ktenidou et al. Euroseistest (N

691 - 74 2
(2018) Greece)

Laouami,
Slimani, and Algeria + Europe 82 + 58 + 3.0 + 5.3
556+494+158 -
Larbes (2018b, + W. USA 8 + 5.9
2018a)
 Graham and
Mahani and Kao
Septimus areas U, U - 129, 90 1.5, 1.5
(2018)
(BC, Canada)

Rahpeyma et al. Hveragerdi (S

4620 - 610 0
(2018) Iceland)

Sahakian et al. Anza, S

>120 000 - >10 000 1
(2018) California

Sharma and The Geysers,

261711 - 10974 1
Convertito (2018) USA

Shoushtari,
Japan + Malay
Adnan, and Zare 651 + 77 - 11 + 14 5.0 + 6.7
Peninsula
(2018)

Sichuan region
Wen et al. (2018) 1644 - 186 4
(China)

Zafarani et al.
Iran 1551 - 200 4
(2018)

Darzi et al.
Iran 1350 - 370 5
(2019)

Farajpour,
Pezeshk, and Iran 1356[clvi] - 208 5
Zare (2019)

Huang and
Italy 7843 - 233 4
Galasso (2019)
Huang and
Italy 7843 - 233 4
Galasso (2019)

Konovalov et al. Sakhalin

115 115 15 4
(2019) (Russia)

Lanzano, Luzi,
Pacor, Felicetta,
et al. (2019; Italy + 12 foreign 4965 + 823[clvii] 3.5 +
- 144 + 12
Lanzano, Luzi, events 6.07
Pacor, Puglia, et
al. 2019)

Algeria + Europe 257 + 247 +

Laouami (2019) - U 3
+ W. USA 79

Podili and
Raghukanth Japan 96880 - 1340 5
(2019)

Worldwide
Stafford (2019) 924–8548 - 103–384 3*
shallow crustal

Sung and Lee

Taiwan 20006 - 497 4
(2019)

Zolfaghari and
Iran - 1350 370 5
Darzi (2019b)

Chao et al.
Taiwan 40892 - 316 4
(2020)
Cremen, Werner, Lancashire + N.
and Baptie Nottinghamshire 195+192 - 29+48 (0.1*)
(2020) (UK)

738
Hu, Tan, and Sagami Bay, 738 (offshore)[clix], (offshore),
3775 (onshore) 233, 223 4
Zhao (2020) Japan 3775 (onshore)
(onshore)

Jaimes and
Garcı́a-Soto Mexico 366 366 23 5
(2020)

Kotha et al. Europe &

18222 - 927 3
(2020) Mediterranean

Kowsari et al.
South Iceland 83 - 6 5
(2020)

Separate
Kuehn et al.
models for 13236 & 2775 - 108 & 480 4* & 3
(2020)
Taiwan & Iran

Lanzano and Volcanic areas,

615 - 41 3
Luzi (2020) Italy

Sichuan-Yunnan
Li et al. (2020) 250 + 276 - 7 + 22 6.0 + 6.1
(China) + global

Phung, Loh,
Chao, and
Taiwan + Japan 3314 + 3376 - 51 + 25 4.5 + 6.5
Abrahamson
(2020)
Phung, Loh,
Taiwan + other 3.5 +
Chao, Chiou, et 11375 + 2040 - 157 + 30
shallow crustal 6.46
al. (2020)

Ramkrishnan,
Sreevalsa, and NE India 204 - 24 4
Sitharam (2020)

Tusa, Langer,
and Azzaro Mt Etna, Italy 1600 1600 49 3
(2020)

Abdelfattah et al. Jazan (Saudi

638 - 72 2
(2021) Arabia)

Boore et al.
Greece 1500* - 150* 4.0*
(2021)

Gao, Chan, and

S. Taiwan 338 - 61 4
Lee (2021)

Kumar et al. Uttarakhand,

116 - 9 5
(2021) India

Ramkrishnan,
N. and Cen.
Sreevalsa, and 278 - 33 4
Himalaya
Sitharam (2021)

[i]
State that it is
Richter
magnitude which
assume to be ML

[ii] Probably MJMA

[iii] N. N. Ambraseys and Bommer (1995) state that uses 38 earthquakes.

[iv] N. N. Ambraseys and Bommer (1995) state that uses larger component.

[v] Note only valid for R ≥ 20 km

[vi] Note only valid for R ≤ 200 km

[vii] Total earthquake components (does not need to be multiplied by two) for magnitude and distance dependence. Uses

[viii] Probably MJMA

[ix] Idriss (1978) finds magnitudes to be mixture of ML and Ms.

[x] Total earthquake components (does not need to be multiplied by two)

[xi] Idriss (1978) believes majority are Ms.

[xii] Probably MJMA

[xiii] Idriss (1978) finds magnitudes to be mixture of ML, mb and Ms.

[xiv] Reported in Idriss (1978).

[xv] Does not need to be multiplied by two.

[xvi] Assume dip-slip means normal mechanism.

[xvii] State that it is Richter magnitude which assume to be ML

[xviii] Probably MJMA

[xix] Reported in Joyner and Boore (1988).

[xx] Reported in Joyner and Boore (1988).

[xxi] Also derive equations for Japan subduction zones.

[xxii] 195 for subduction zone equations.

[xxiii] >7.5 for subduction zone equations.

[xxiv] Call magnitude scale Richter magnitude, which note is equivalent to Mw for M ≤ 8.3, ML for M < 5.9 and Ms for 5.9

[xxv] About 15km for subduction zone equations.

[xxvi] About 400km for subduction zone equations.

[xxvii] repi for subduction zone equations.

[xxviii] Reported in Joyner and Boore (1988).

[xxix] Details of dataset are given in tables but quality of scan too poor to clearly see digits.

[xxx] Consider equations valid for Mw ≤ 8

[xxxi] Free (1996) believes it is rhypo.

[xxxii] This is Ms.

[xxxiii] Total number of components, does not need to be multiplied by two.

[xxxiv] Also present equations for SSE (using 140 records) and NE Iberia (using 107 records).

[xxxv] Equations stated to be for distances up to 100 km

[xxxvi] Distance to centre of array

[xxxvii] Does not need to be multiplied by two.

[xxxviii] Total number of components does not need to be multiplied by two

[xxxix] Boore, Joyner, and Fumal (1997) revise this magnitude to 5.87. New minimum magnitude is 5.2.

[xl] Considers equation valid for M ≥ 4.7.

[xli] Considers equation valid for d ≤ 300 km.

[xlii] Boore, Joyner, and Fumal (1997) revise this magnitude to 5.87. New minimum magnitude is 5.2.

[xliii] Coefficients given in Boore, Joyner, and Fumal (1994b)

[xliv] Free (1996) believes it is largest horizontal component.

[xlv] It is not clear whether use Richter magnitude (ML) or Mw.

[xlvi] Some may be mb because in their Table 1 some earthquakes to not have Ms given but do have mb. If so new minimu

[xlvii] They state it is ‘closest distance from the exposure of ruptured part of the fault, instead of focal distances’ so may no
[xlviii] It is not clear whether use Richter magnitude (ML) or Mw.

[xlix] Also derive equations for Australia and N. E. China

[l] N. N. Ambraseys, Simpson, and Bommer (1996) state it is two-stage of Joyner and Boore (1981) but in fact it is two-stag
[li] N. N. Ambraseys, Simpson, and Bommer (1996) state it is two-stage of Joyner and Boore (1981) but in fact it is two-stag

[lii] Total number of components. Does not need to be multiplied by two.

[liii] Called Richter magnitude.

[liv] Includes some not used for regression

[lv] Total number of components do not need to be multiplied by two.

[lvi] Equations stated to be for distances up to 100 km

[lvii] Total number of components do not need to be multiplied by two.

[lviii] Total number of components do not need to be multiplied by two.

[lix] Also derive equations for Spain.

[lx] Also derive equations using ML.

[lxi] Also derive equations using rhypo.

[lxii] Total number of components. Does not need to be multiplied by two.

[lxiii] Equation given in terms of log M0.

[lxiv] Equation for corrected PGA uses 443 records.

[lxv] Equation for corrected PGA uses 439 records.

[lxvi] Equation for corrected PGA uses data from 36 earthquakes.

[lxvii] Assuming they use same data as Monguilner et al. (2000).

[lxviii] P. Smit et al. (2000) give rhypo but this is typographical error (P. Smit 2000).

[lxix] Shallow crustal records.

[lxx] Subduction records.

[lxxi] This is total number of horizontal components used. They come from 47 triaxial records.
[lxxii] This is total number of components. Does not need to be multiplied by two.

[lxxiii] There are 960 components for uncorrected PGA.

[lxxiv] There are 941 components for uncorrected PGA.

[lxxv] For horizontal corrected records. There are 49 for horizontal uncorrected PGA. There are 34 for vertical corrected re

[lxxvi] The caption of their Table 2 states that reported coefficients are for mean.
[lxxvii] Authors state in text that ‘more than 14 000’ values were used but their Table 1 gives 2 × 6899.

[lxxviii] State equations valid to 4.5.

[lxxix] State equations valid up to 200 km.

[lxxx] Call it ‘quadratic mean’, which is assumed to be geometric mean.

[lxxxi] Also develop equations for hard rock sites and intraslab events.

[lxxxii] Also develops equations for Zagros using 98 records from an unknown number of earthquakes.

[lxxxiii] Does not need to be multiplied by two.

[lxxxiv] Also develop models for the Zagros region of Iran using about 100 records.

[lxxxv] Also derive model using Mw.

[lxxxvi] Also derive model using repi.

[lxxxvii] Recommend that model is not extrapolated below 5 due to lack of data.

[lxxxviii] Believe that model can be used to 8.0.

[lxxxix] Recommend that model is not used for distances ≥ 200 km.

[xc] Believe that model can be extrapolated down to 4.0.

[xci] Believe that model can be extrapolated up to 8.5 for strike-slip faulting and 8.0 for reverse faulting.

[xcii] Graizer and Kalkan (2007) state that valid down to 4.5.
[xciii] Graizer and Kalkan (2007) state that valid up to 7.6.

[xciv] Graizer and Kalkan (2007) state that valid up to 200 km.

[xcv] Recommend that model is not extrapolated below 5 due to lack of data.

[xcvi] Believe that model can be reliably extrapolated to 8.5.

[xcvii] Not clear from article if the authors mean rrup or rjb.

[xcviii] Believe that model can be extrapolated down to 4.0.

[xcix] Believe that model can be extrapolated up to 8.5 for strike-slip faulting and 8.0 for reverse faulting.

[c] Believe that model valid to 0 km.

[ci] Believe that model valid to 200 km.

[cii] For stations on surface.

[ciii] For borehole stations.

[civ] This is total number of horizontal components used. They come from 47 triaxial records.

[cv] Also derive models for inslab (273 records from 16 earthquakes) and interface (413 records from 40 earthquakes) Mex
[cvi] Not entirely clear in the article if rrup was actually used.

[cvii] Authors also state that 516 records were used. Not clear which is the correct total.

[cviii] Probably roughly 5500 based on Sharma et al. (2013).

[cix] Taken from their Table 3.1. Elsewhere in the article the total is given as 23 and 25.
[cx] Or 106. Both are given.

[cxi] Do not need to multiply by 2.

[cxii] State model applicable up to 8.5.

[cxiii] State model applicable up to Mw8.5 for strike-slip and reverse and Mw7 for normal earthquakes.

[cxiv] State model applicable for Mw ≥ 3.3 in California and Mw ≥ 5.5 globally.
[cxv] State model applicable to Mw8.5 for strike-slip, Mw8 for reverse/reverse-oblique and Mw7.5 for normal/normal-obli

[cxvi] State applicable for Mw ≥ 3.5.

[cxvii] State applicable for Mw ≤ 8.5 for strike-slip and Mw ≤ 8 for reverse and normal earthquakes.

[cxviii] State applicable up to 300 km

[cxix] Recommends model for Mw ≥ 5.

[cxx] Recommends model up to Mw8.

[cxxi] Believe model can be used up to Mw8.

[cxxii] Recommend never using model below 4.

[cxxiii] Recommend never using model above 7.

[cxxiv] Recommend never using model for rjb < 5.

[cxxv] Recommend never using model for rjb > 200.

[cxxvi] Believe can be used to 5.0.

[cxxvii] Believe can be used to 8.0.

[cxxviii] Believe can be used for repi ≥ 10 km.

[cxxix] Believe can be used for repi ≤ 300 km.

[cxxx] State that valid down to 5.0.

[cxxxi] State that valid up to 8.0 except for normal faulting where limit is 7.0.

[cxxxii] Also derive models for two other sites (SCT and CDAO) in Mexico City.

[cxxxiii] Recommend model up to Mw8

[cxxxiv] Also use 1921 macroseismic intensities.

[cxxxv] Macroseismic intensities from 6 events.

[cxxxvi] 7.7 by including macroseismic data.

[cxxxvii] Recommends use down to 4.0.

[cxxxviii] Believes applies up to 8.2.

[cxxxix] Believes applies down to 0 km.

[cxl] Believe applicable down to 3.3 for California and down to 5.5 globally.
[cxli] Believe valid to 8.5 for strike-slip, 8.0 for reverse and 7.5 for normal.

[cxlii] Believe applicable to 300 km.

[cxliii] Recommend model up to 200 km

[cxliv] Probably D50.

[cxlv] Recommend model for use up to 8.0 for strike-slip and reverse and 7.0 for normal earthquakes.
[cxlvi] State model applicable up to 8.5.

[cxlvii] Recommend use for Mw ≤ 9 for interface and Mw ≤ 8 for intraslab.

[cxlviii] Call it ‘diagonal’.

[cxlix] Believe applicable ≥ 3.6.

[cl] Believe applicable ≤ 7.6.

[cli] Believe applicable ≥ 6 km.

[clii] Believe applicable ≤ 200 km.

[cliii] Recommend for use Mw ≥ 5.0.

[cliv] Recommend for use for Mw ≤ 7.0

[clv] Recommend for use for rjb ≤ 200 km.

[clvi] Could be 1288 records.

[clvii] This is the total in the Electronic Supplement listing all the data used. In the article it is stated that 5607 records from

[clviii] Believe model applicable up to 8.0 for crustal and intraslab events and 9.0 for interface events.
[clix] May be 742 as this is stated in Table 4 of article.

[clx] Call it ‘quadratic mean’, which is assumed to be geometric mean.

Mmax M scale rmin rmax r scale S C R M

U U 15* 450* rhypo 1U U A

U U U U rrup C U U A

U U U U repi 1U U A

U U 15* 500* rhypo 1U U A

U ML[i] U U rhypo 1U U A

U U U U rhypo 1U U A

8 ML 80* 300 U 1U 1A

>8 U 3* 450* rhypo 1U U A

U U 15* 150* rhypo 1B U A

8 U[ii] U U rhypo 1A 1A
 8 ML 14 125 rhypo 1B U A

7 ML 15 350 rhypo 1U O A

U U U U U U U U A

5 ML 5 35 rhypo 1 U[iv] U A

U U U U U U U U A

Mostly 6[v]* 400[vi]*

8 repi 3B O A
ML

U ML U U rhypo 2 (1) B U A
U ML 28* 70* rhypo 3B 1A

8U 1 380 rhypo 1U U A

U U[viii] U U repi 4U 1A

7 mb 0* 30* rhypo 1L O A

rE, rrup
8 U[ix] 0 321 1B O A
and rhypo

8 U[xi] 15 342 rhypo 1B U A

U U[xii] U U repi 1U 1A

8 U[xiii] 11* 210* rhypo 2B U A

7.7 (7.8) Ms U U rrup 2B U A

U ML U U rhypo 1C U A

6 ML 10* 30* rhypo 1B 1A

6 ML 5 (repi) 190 (repi) rhypo 2B 1A

U U U U rhypo 1U U A (T, TS, S, SN, N)[xvi]

8U 0 449 rhypo 1B 1, O A

<7.9 ML[xvii] <20 >200 repi 4U 1A

U U U 120 dhypo U U 1A

7U 6 500 rhypo 1U 1A

8 Ms (ML) 0 47 rrup 1B O A

ML for
M < 6.0
8 and Ms 0 48 rrup 1M O A
otherwis
e

8 ML (mb) 3 480 rhypo 1L 1A

7.8* U[xviii] 11* 300* repi 1, C L 1A

8 Mw (ML) 1 370 rjb 2L 2A

8 Mw (ML) 1 370 rjb 1L O A

 8 Mw (ML) 1 370 rjb 2L 2A

rhypo or
8 Ms 0 330 1U U A
rrup

7 Ms 2 600 rhypo 1U O A

8 Mw (ML) 1 370 rjb 2L 1M A

ML for
M < 6.0
U and Ms U <50 rseis 2M U A (S, R)
otherwis
e

8 Mw (ML) 1 370 rjb C L 2A

8 MJMA 5* 550* repi 3R 1A

U Mw U U rrup 1U O A

7U 2 600 rhypo 1U O A

Mw (ML
for M <
8 6.0, Ms 10 157 repi 1L 1A
for M ≥
6.0)

8 Mw (ML) 1 370 rjb 2L 1M A

7.5* MJMA 5* 500* repi 3- 1A

U U U U U U U U A

8 MC 2 443 repi 1U 1A

5 ML 2* 50* repi 1L 2A

7 Ms 0 40 rrup 1U U A (S, T)
 5 ML 3 134 rhypo 1U U A

U Ms U U rrup 1B U A

7.4*[xxiii] M[xxiv] 7*[xxv] 200*[xxvi] rhypo[xxvii] 2B O A

Ms for
M ≥ 5.5,
Both rjb
7 ML 1.5, 1.5 179, 180 2L 1A
& repi
otherwis
e

U Mw U U rrup 2B U A (S, R)

8 Ms 282 466 rrup 1U 1A

U Ms U U rhypo 1M U A

U U U U U 1U 1A
 rhypo, rrup
for 2
Ms
8.2(7.7) 16 (0.1) 303 (48) Japanes 4G 2A
(MJMA)
e & all
US

7 ML 3 175 rhypo 1U O A

8 Mw (ML) 1 370 rjb 2 L, O 2W A

6* ML 5* 833 repi 1U O A

7U 8 200 rhypo 1L 1A

≥ 7.0 Ms 10* ≥ 150 rhypo 3 L, V 1A

7.9* U 10* 750* repi C L O A

8U U U rhypo 1U O A
 rrup, rhypo
Mw (Ms,
8.1 (8.2)[xxx] 450*
15* (20*) for Mw 1G 1W A (B,F)
mb) (450*)
≲ 7.5

Ms for
Ms ≥
6.0, ML A (R &
8 0 400 rrup 1L O
(mb) RO, I)
otherwis
e

5 ML 1 18 repi 1M O A

U U U U U 1G 1A

U U U U U U U U A

8 Ms 1 27 repi 1L U A

8 Mw (ML) 1 370 rjb 2L 2A

ML for
M < 6,
U U U rseis 1U U A
Ms for
M≥6
 Ms (ML,
8 6 1300 rhypo 1L 2A
mb, MCL)

6 mb ≤ 20 820 U[xxxi] 1U O A

4 ML 12* 21* rhypo 1U 1M A (T)

5.8[xxxii] U U U rjb 1U U A

7 Mw 3* 150* rrup 1M U T (S,O)

rjb for
Ms ≳
H:313,
7 Ms 1 6.0, repi 1L 1, 2 A
V:214
otherwis
e

rE, rhypo
Mw (Ms,
8 >8 >866 for M < 1B 1A
MJMA)
7.5
 5 mbLg U U repi 1- 1A

rrup for
some,
7.4 (7.4) Mw 0.1 (3) 305 (172)[xxxv]
rhypo for 2G U A(R,S)
small
ones

ML or mb
for M <
6.0 and 227
7.4 (7.3) 0 rjb 2B O A
Ms (265)
otherwis
e

ML for
rrup, rhypo
M < 6,
7 1 100 for M < 1U U A
Ms for
6
M≥6

7 ML 5 178 rhypo 1L U A

U U U U U 3B U A
 ML (MD)
for ML < 3.1[xxxvi]
8 120 rhypo 1M 2W A
6.6, else
Ms

ML for
M ≤ 6, rrup if
Ms for 6 have,
8.1* < M < 8 4* 400* rhypo 6L 1A
and Mw otherwis
for M ≥ e
8

8* ML 10* 500* rhypo 1B 1A

U U U U U 1U 1M A (U, U)

rjb, repi
7 Ms 1 39 for 1L 1A
some

U Ms U U rjb 1U 1A

8 MJMA 3 413 rhypo I B O A

 6U 2 80 rjb 2 B,L 2A

7 Mw 3* 100* rseis 2G 1M A (S,R)

8 Ms 6 210 rhypo 1L U A

rjb for
ML ≥
7 ML 3 170 5.7, repi 1L 2A
otherwis
e

Ms , Mw, 128
7.0 (7.5) 1 (48) repi 2B O A
MJMA (236)

7 Mw 0.6* 100* rrup 2G 1M A (S, R)

8 Mw 0 118 rjb 3 L, G 2M A
 ML for
M < 6.0
U and Ms U U[xli] rseis 2M O A (T,S)
otherwis
e

U U U U rjb U U 1A

5 ML U U repi 1U U A

7 Mw 13 312 rc or rhypo 1L 1 A, R

8 Mw U U rrup 1G 1A

U U U U U U U U A

8 Ms 6 210 rhypo 1V O A

5* U U U repi 1U 1A

ML for
8 M < 6, 2* 150* repi C R 1A
else Ms
 8 Ms 1 375 rjb, repi 1L 2W A

118.2
7.7 (7.4) Mw 0 rjb C L, G 1M, 2M A (R,S)[xliii]
(109)

U ML U U rhypo 1U 1A

U mb U U rhypo 1U 1A

8 MJMA 60* 400* rhypo I B 1,2 A

7 Mw U 100 rjb 3U 1M A

7 Mw U U rhypo 1U 1A
 70* >477.4
3.5 (6.4) ML rhypo 1 U[xliv] O A
(>1.3) (200*)

7.2(ML)
or U[xlv] 90* 320* rhypo 1L 1A
7.5(Mw)

8 Ms[xlvi] ≤8 ≥ 180 rhypo for most, rrup2for

U 19[xlvii] U A

7.6* Ms (ML) 2* 120* repi 1L U A

7 MB 3* 350* repi 1U U A

rjb for
Ms >
7 Ms 0* 260* 6.0, repi 1L 2W A
otherwis
e

Mw (Ms,
8* 6* 490* rhypo 2L 1B A
mb,MD)
 Usually
ML for
M ≤ 6.5
8 2 200+ rhypo 9, 3 × C U 1A
and Ms
for M >
6.5

7.2(ML)
or U[xlviii] U U rhypo 1L 1A
7.5(Mw)

rrup for 2
earthqu
akes,
7.8* MJMA 8* 1000* I L O A
rhypo
otherwis
e

Mw (mb,
6 0 820 rjb or repi 2U 1A
ML, Ms)

rjb for
Ms Ms >
8 (unspeci 0 260 6.0, repi 3L 2W[l] A
fied) otherwis
e

rjb for M
Ms > 6.0,
8 (unspeci 0 260 repi 3- 2W[li] A
fied) otherwis
e
7.6* Ms 10* 350* rhypo 1U 1A

7 Ms 62 260 rhypo 1L U A

R,S
8 Ms 0 211 rrup 4G 1W
(R,S)

rjb for
some,
7 Mw 0 820 2L 1A
repi for
most

U U U U repi 1U U A

rq for M
> 5.3,
8 Mw (ML) 7 100 rhypo 2B 2M A
otherwis
e

Both rjb
6.8* Mw 1.5, 1.5 179, 180 2L 1A
& repi

8 Ms 1 213 rjb & repi 1 B, L U A

 7 mb 33 341 rhypo 1U 1A

7 Mw 0 102 rjb 2 G, O 2M NS

7 ML[liii] 10* 310* repi 1B 1A

U Mw U U rhypo 1U U A

H:8.0, A(S,R,N
Mw 3 60 rseis 3G 1
V:8.1 )

Ms for
Ms ≥
7 6.1, ML 0 88 rjb 2L 2M A
otherwis
e

U U U U U 1U 2A

8 Mw (ML) 1 370 rjb 1L O A

 Mw (Ms,
8 6 182 rhypo 3 L, B O A
mb, MD)

rrup, rhypo
Mw
8 9 551 for 2G 1M NT
(Ms,mb)
some

rrup for
7.23(7.4
Mw 11 (0.1) 573 (10) some, rc 2U 1 A(R)
1)
for most

U U U U repi 1U U A

6 Ms 20 70 rhypo 1 L, M 1A

4.3* MD 3* 66* rhypo 1U 1A

7 Ms U U rhypo 2B 1A

U Mw U U rrup I S U A

A
7 Ms or Mw 7 138 repi 2U O
(N,ST)

rrup for
some,
7 Mw 0 305[lvi] rhypo for 2G U A(R,SN)
small
ones

8 Ms (U) 0 197 rjb, repi 2B 1A

7U 8 248 rhypo 1L 1W A
 7U 8 248 rhypo 1L 1W A

5 ML 1 290 rhypo 1U 2A

5 Mw 8 88 rhypo, repi 1B 1A

7 Mw 1 140* repi 1B O A

7 Ms[lx] 0 250 repi[lxi] 4L 1A

8 Mw 0 189 rjb 3G 2M A

rrup for
7.09(7.4
Mw 0 400 some, rc 3U U A(R)
1)
for most

U U U U U U U U A
6 Mw[lxiii] 2 112 repi 1B 1A

7 Mw 0 99 rjb 2 G, O 1M NS

5 Ms (ML) 2 41 repi 1L 1A

Mw (Ms, rhypo (rrup R, RS &

7 4 224 4B 2M
mb, ML) for 2) S

8 Ms 0 15 rjb 3L 1A

A
8 Mw U ≤ 60 rseis 4G U
(R,S,T)
 A
8 Mw 1* 60* rseis 4G 1
(S,R,T)

A (R, S,
8 Mw 0 149 rjb C (6) G 1M
O)

152
7U 2 (4) repi 1U 1T
(322)

8 Mw 0.9* 400* U 4B 1M A

Ms if ML
& Ms >
7 6, ML 11 350 rhypo 2U 1W A
otherwis
e

U Mw or Ms U U repi 3B 1 A (N)

7U 8 248 rhypo 1- 1W A

Both rq
8 Mw 0* 280* 2L O A
& rrup

7 Ms 4 230 repi[lxviii] 1L 2A

rrup, rhypo
300*
8.3* (8*) Mw 1* (0.1*) for 4G O A
(100*)
some

8 Mw (ML) 1 370 rjb 2L O A

U U U U rhypo 1U 1A

7 Mw (ML 0 264 repi

for ML < 1G 2A
6.5)
, 6.3 , 40.2 , 272.4 , rhypo

7 ML 3* 200* repi 1L 2A

6 MJMA 4* 600* rhypo 4B 2A

U Ms U U repi 1U U BF

rrup (repi
8 Mw (ML) 0.05* 400* for 1&I U U A
some)

U ML U U rhypo 1U O A

A (S,
7 Mw 0 267 rrup 2U 1M
R/O, T)

7 Mw 1 150 rjb, repi 3 L, R 1A

7 Mw U 400* rhypo 1V 1B
 Mw (mb
for Ms <
rjb, repi
5 and
7 0.1* 180* for M < 2L O A
Ms
5.9
otherwis
e)

7 Mw 1 150 repi 3B O A

U U U U U U U U A

7 ML 0* 250* repi 3U 1A

7U 10* 310* repi 1B 1A

8 Ms 1 359 rjb 3L 2A

6 ML 2* 100* repi 2L 2 N, O

7 Ms 50 322 rhypo 1U U A

6 MCL 21 400 rhypo 2U 1A

 8 Mw 11* 550* rrup 4C 1M F, B

Mainly
M ,M
7 w L 1* 370* rhypo 4U O A
for
some

rjb for
Ms Ms >
A (S, R,
8 (unspeci 0 260 6.0, repi 3L 1M
N)
fied) otherwis
e

A (S &
8 Mw 2* 60* rseis 4G 1
N, R, T)

7 MLw 5* 300* U 1U 1A

8U U U repi 1 EW 1A

U MJMA U U rhypo U U 1A

U Ms U U rhypo 1U U A
 rjb if
availabl
7* Mw or Ms 1* 500* e, repi 1L 1S
otherwis
e

A (N,
7 Mw (ML) 1.5* 150* repi 2U O
ST)

7 Mw U U repi 1U U A

8U U U repi 1U 1A

MD (mb,
6 2 450 rhypo 1R 1A
Mw)

U Mw U U repi 1U 1A

5 ML U U repi 1U O A

5 MbLg 4 284 repi 1U 1A

 5 MbLg 4 284 repi 1U 1A

7 ML 3* 25* rhypo 1L O A

6.6* U 8* 248* rhypo 1L 1A

Mw
rjb, repi
(unspeci
7 1 250 for small 3- 1A
fied
events
scales)

Mw
rjb, repi
(unspeci
7 1 250 for small 3 L[lxxvi] 1A
fied
events
scales)

repi (rjb
1, 1M,
7 Mw (ML) 0 854 for 1 1U A
2, 2M
event)

6 ML 5 700 rhypo 1L 1A

A (C, B,
8 Mw 0* 300* rrup 2L 1
F)

7 Mw (ML) 5* 300* rjb 3G 1M NS

7 Mw 0 99 rjb 2 G, O 1M NS
 5 Mw 3 40 repi 1U O A

6 MJMA >3 >264 rhypo 1L 2M A

Mw (Ms,
8 mb, Md, 5 100 repi 3L 1A
ML)

7.8* U 2* 200* repi 1B O A

9 Mw U U rhypo 1A 1 BF

rjb (repi
A (N, T,
8 Mw 0 99 for small 3L 1WM
S, O)
events)

rjb (repi
A (N, T,
8 Mw 0 99 for small 3- 1WM
S, O)
events)

8 Ms 0 15 rjb 1L O A
 6 ML 0 130 rjb & repi 1R O A

5.1[lxxviii] ML 0 300[lxxix] rhypo 2B 1A

rrup for
Mw >
7 Mw 4* 400* 6.5, rhypo 1 G[lxxx] 1M B
otherwis
e

7 Mw (ML) 5* 300* rhypo 1M 2M A

4 Mw (MCL) 0.5* 10* rhypo 2L 2M M

6 ML 10* 100* rhypo 1U 1A

Mw (Ms,
7 2 245 repi 4V 1A
mb, ML)
 8 Ms 36 315 rhypo 1B 1F

C (R,
8 Mw 0* 300* rrup 5G 1M S/N) &
F, B

5.3* Mw U U rjb 1L U A

repi (rjb
7.1* Mw 5* 300* for I, C B 1A
some)

1, 2, A,
B, C,
7.9* Mw 6* 200* rhypo U D50, G, 1M A (U)
I50, L,
N, P, R

repi &
6 ML 1* 100* 4L 1M NS
rhypo

A (R, S,
8 Mw 0 200 rrup C G 2M
N)
6.5* U 1* 100* repi 2 L, V 1A

Mw (Ms if
rhypo (rrup
M > 6,
8.1* 5* 800* for 1U 2F
mb if M
some)
< 6)

7 ML 14 135 rhypo 5B 1A

8 Mw 285 530 rrup 1U 1B F

rhypo (rrup
7.5* ML 0.1* 300* for 1 1, I G 1A
event)

450* rrup (rhypo

8.2* (7.4) Mw 1* (1.5*)
(350*) & for C R 2M A
& 8.0* (MJMA) & 30*
450* some)

6.9* Mw 1* 200* U 1U U C

repi &
6 Ms 13 70 1U 1A
rhypo

6 ML 5* 55* rhypo 2L 1M A

7 Ms (mb) 4 98 rhypo 2A 1A

C (R,
7.23 OR, S &
Mw 6 (0.1) 400 (10) rc (rrup) 3 L, G 1M
(7.4) N) & F,
B
 8 Mw 0 118 rjb C G O A

rhypo (rrup
7 (Mw) 5* 250* for 5B 2M A
some)

ML
(ReNas
5 10* 800* rhypo 1L 1A
s&
LDG)

6 ML 6 542 repi 1U 1A

7.3* ML 0* 330* rhypo 1G O A

1M &
7 Mw 4 167 rhypo 4U A
2M

A (N, S,
8 Mw 0 99 rjb 3G 1WM
R)

7.3* Ms (mb) 5* 400* rhypo 2L 1A

U U U U rhypo C U U A

6 ML[lxxxv] 5* 200* rhypo[lxxxvi] 2L 1M A

rjb (repi
A (N, S,
8 Mw 0 99 for small 3G 1WM
R)
events)

7.90[lxxxviii]Mw A (N, R,
0 280[lxxxix] rjb C I50 2M
S, U)

7.90[xci] A (N, R,
Mw 0 199 rrup C I50 1M
S, HW)
 A (ST,
7 Mw 0* 136 repi 3A 1M
N)

1A

7 MJMA 18 448 rrup 1V 1A

7.9[xciii] A
Mw 0 349.6[xciv] rrup C U O
(R,SN)

7 Mw 1 364 repi 4 V3 1A

7.3* Mw 0.2* 100* rjb C G, Q, R 1M A

5 ML 0* 300* rhypo 2L 1A

7 Mw ≤ 70 ≥ 227 repi, rhypo C L O A

 rjb (repi
A (N, T,
8 Mw 0 99 for small 3L O
S, O)
events)

7.3* ML 5* 260* rhypo 1G O A

5 ML 5* 175 rhypo 1G 2M A

7.9[xcvi] A (N, R,
Mw 0.06* 200* rrup C I50 1M
S, HW)

7 MLw 3* 350* repi 1 V3 1A

A (N, R,
8 Mw 0 60 rrup[xcvii] C G 1M
S)

6 ML 6 331 repi 1L 2A
 A (N, R,
7 Mw 6* 150* rhypo 4&C G 2M
S)

Mw (ML, 153 & repi &

8 10 & 12 2G & L 2A
Ms ) 153 rhypo

A (N, R,
7.90[xcix] Mw 0.2*[c] 70*[ci] rrup C I50 1M S, HW,
AS)

rrup (rhypo [cii]

Mw 4 &
7 1* 100* for G 2M A
(MJMA) 2[ciii]
small)

7 Mw 10* 100* repi 2 L3 1A

7 Ms U U rhypo 1U O A

A
8 Mw 0 199 rrup 2 I50 1 (R/RO/N
O, S/N)

7.3 (8.1) Mw (ML) 15 630 rhypo 2G 1W A (B, F)

 Mw (ML)
6.3 & 6.5 1* 100* repi 3L 1M A
& ML

Mw
5 5* 100* rhypo 1U 1A
(mb(Lg))

6 ML 12* 60* rhypo 2L 1M A

Ms (ML,
8.1* 2* 100* repi 1U O A
Mw, mb)

3 ML 1 5 rhypo 1G 1A

9 Mw 466 2487 rrup 1G 1M F, B

A (N, R,
8 Mw 0 60 rrup C G 1M
S)

Mw (Md,
6 15 200 rhypo 2L 2M A
ML)
5.0* Ms (MD) 4 145 rhypo 1A 1A

rjb (repi
A (N, S,
7 Mw 0 190 for 3 L, G 1M
R)
small)

7 Mw (ML) 0 183 rjb, repi 3L 1M A

5 ML 6 100 repi I, 3, 1, C U 1A

7 Mw 1 150 rjb, repi 3 L, R O A

5U 10* 100* repi 1U 1A

rrup (rhypo
for A (C/F,
8 Mw 1.5* 300* C G 2M
some B)
M < 6.5)

rrup (rhypo
8.0, 7.4 Mw U U for 1 G, R, Q 1M F, S
small)

1M, 2M,
7.3* Mw 0.2* 100* rjb C G, R A
O

A (N, R,
7.9* Mw 0.1* 200* rjb C G 1M (O)
S)
 8U 5 25 repi 1U 1A

8 Mw 1* 300* rjb 2L 2A

A (N, R,
8 Mw 0.2* 70* rrup C I50 1M S, HW,
AS)

7 MLw 3 380 repi 1 V3 1A

rjb (repi
8 Mw 1 97 for 2L 1S & O
some)

A (N, S,
8 Mw 0 99 rjb 3G 1M
R)

A (N, S,
8 Mw 0* 200* rjb C G 1M
R)

rrup (rhypo
8 Mw 20 400 for Mw 1U O F
< 6)

7 Mw 1* 100* rjb, repi 3L 1M A

rjb (repi
200
7.3 (7.9) Mw 0.8 (0.1)* for M < 2G 1A
(200)*
5)

rjb (repi A (N, T,

8 Mw 0 99 for small 3L 1WM S, O,
events) AS)
 rjb (repi A (N, T,
8 Mw 0 99 for small 3L 1WM S, O,
events) AS)

rrup (rhypo
A (N, R,
8 Mw 0.2* 200* for 4&C G 1M
S)
small)

A (SN,
8 Mw 0.1* 500* rrup C U O
R)

7 Mw 0.2* 100* rjb C 1, 2 1M A

7 Mw 1.5, 1.5 179, 180 rjb & repi 3L 1A

A (N, R,
8 Mw 0 199 rrup C I50 O
S, HW)

rrup (rhypo
M
7 w 1 100 for C, I G O (1M) A
(MJMA)
small)
 rjb (repi
7 Mw 1* 80* for Mw 2G 1M S
< 6)

7.6* Mw (ML) 5* 220* rhypo 1G 1, 2M A

7 Mw (Md) 0 197 rjb[cvi] (repi for small1 events)

L 1 SN

A
7.9* Mw 0.2* 350* rrup C U O
(Rake)

8 Mw 10* 390* rrup 1 M, V, V3 O A

A
U Mw U U rrup 1 I50 1M (R/RO/N
O, S/N)

Md for
M < 4.5,
6 Mw 2* 500* rhypo 1V 1W A
otherwis
e

A (S, R,
7 Mw 0* 200* rjb 5 G, V 1M
N, U)

3 ML 3 100* rhypo 2L 1A
 7 Mw 0* 340* rrup C G 1M, O A

5 Mw 4 151 rhypo 1L 1A

Mw (Ms,
7 0* 200* repi 1B 1A
ML, MD)

rjb (repi
for Mw A (S, N,
6.9* Mw 0* 300* 5G 1M
< 5.5), R)
rhypo

7.6 (7.4) Mw (ML) 1 240 rrup (rhypo) 2G 1 A (HW)

repi &
6 Md 1 145 2+C U O A
rhypo

7.2* U 4* 600* rhypo 3U O A

rhypo (rrup
7 ML 0* 170* for 1G 1A
some)
 rrup, rhypo
9 Mw 30* 600* for 4 2G 1M F
events

4 Mw (MD) 1 20 rhypo 2L 1M G

7 Ms 0* 110* repi 2G 1, 1W A

7 Mw 2* 200* rhypo 7G 1M A

A (F, B,
8 Mw 20* 600* rrup 1L 2
C)

7 Mw 1* 200* rjb 1G 2M A

6.9 (6.4) Mw (Ms) 3* 300* rjb (repi) C U 1S

140*
6.8 (7.3*) Ms 6* (10*) rhypo 2B 2A
(150*)

A (R, S,
8 Mw 0 366 rrup C I50 O
N)
 9 Mw 508 1021 repi 1L 2F

5 ML 5* 500* repi 1 L3 1A

rrup (rhypo
7 Mw 4 190* for Mw 3U 2M A
< 6.5)

8U 8 265 repi 1U 1A

rrup +
7.9[cxii] A (S, N,
Mw 0 300 others C D50 1M
R, HW)
for HW

7.9[cxiii] A (S, N,
Mw 0 400 rjb C D50 2M
R, U)

7.9[cxv] A (S, R,
Mw 0* 300* rrup C D50 1M
N, HW)

7.9*[cxvii] Mw 400*[cxviii] rrup A (S, R,

0.3* C D50 1M
N, HW)

Mw (ML,
4* 0* 20* rhypo 1G 1M G
MD)
 3 Mw 2 8 rhypo 1G 1M G

7.9[cxx] Mw 0 175 rrup C D50 1A

5.3, 5.3 Mw 15, 20 100, 210 rhypo 1U 1A

rrup (rhypo
7 Mw 3* 300* for C G 1M A
small)

A (C, B,
9 Mw 1* 200 rrup C V 2W
F)

A (N, S,
C - 1M
R, HW)

A (S, R,
7 Mw (mb) 1* 150* repi 3 I50 O
N)

3 Mw (MD) 1 20 rhypo 3L 1M G

Mw (mb,
7 65* 850* rhypo 3 D50 1M F, B
ML)
 7 ML 10* 290 repi I U 1M A

7.6[cxxi] rjb, repi & A (S, N,

Mw 0 200 C G 1M
rhypo R)

8U 2* 2000* rhypo 2U 1A

rjb (repi
for Mw
A (S, N,
8 Mw 0 300 ≤ 5 and C, 4 G 1M
R)
repi ≥ 10)
& rhypo

7.6[cxxiii] Mw 1[cxxiv] 547[cxxv] rjb C G O A

9 Mw 30* 1000* rrup C G O F

A (NS,
C G O
R)
 6 ML 0 150 repi 1G 1M A

rjb (repi
6.9, 6.9,
Mw (ML) 0* 200* for M < 5G 1M A
6.3
5.5)

r (r
8.0 (F), 50* (F), 580* (F), rup hypo
Mw for Mw 1G 1M F, B
7.2 (B) 70* (B) 540* (B)
< 6.5)

7.4 (7.8)[cxxvii]
Mw 105[cxxviii] 650*[cxxix] rhypo 1G 1M B

6* Mw 2* 40 rhypo 1G 1M A

A (R, N,
8 Mw 0 200* rjb & rrup C G 1
S)

rrup (rhypo
A (S, N,
8 Mw 0* 150* for Mw C G 2M
R)
≤ 5.7)

5 ML 1 600* repi I L 1M A
7.9[cxxxi] Mw A
0 250 rrup C U O
(R,SN)

8 Mw 40* 300* rrup 2G 1M B, F

rrup for
Mw >
7 Mw 103 464 6.5, rhypo 1G 1B B
for Mw
≤ 6.5

7.6[cxxxiii] Mw A (S, N,
0 200 rjb C G 1MW
R)

A (R, N,
8 Mw 0 200 rjb C G O
S)

7.6[cxxxvi] Mw A (R, S,
1* 2000* rrup C D50 2M
U)
6.8[cxxxviii]Mw 4[cxxxix] 1000* rrup C D50 O A

7.4 (8.0) Mw 2 (repi) 399 (repi) rhypo 3G 1M A

U U U U U U U 1A

7 Mw U U rhypo 1M 1S

rrup if
availabl
A (B, F,
9.1* Mw 0* 300* e, rhypo 4 + C G 1M
R, N, S)
otherwis
e

rrup (rhypo)
7.9 for B, for F,
M 12* 300* C G 1M B, F
8.4 for F w rhypo for
B
7.9[cxli] 500*[cxlii] rrup A (R, S,
Mw 0* C - 1M
N)

8 Mw 0 360 rrup C U O A

rjb (repi
8 Mw 0* 300*[cxliii] for C G O A
some
Mw ≤ 5)

A (R, N,
8 Mw 0 200 rjb C G O
S)

U[cxliv] A (S, N,
7.3* Mw 1* 300* rjb C O
R)

A (R, N,
6 Mw 0* 200* rjb 5G 1M
U)

7.8* Mw 2* 500* rhypo 1U O A

9 Mw 204 1720 rhypo 1M 1S

1, 1W,
1M, 2,
8 Mw 1* 100* rjb 4G A
2M, 2O
and O
 8 Mw 120* 1400* rhypo 4G 1B

7.9[cxlv] A (R, S,
Mw 0 300 rjb C - 2M
N, U)

rhypo, rrup
A (S, N,
8 Mw (ML) 0 292 for Chi- C U 1M, O
R)
Chi

4.3
(shallow)
ML 1 100 repi 3G 1V
, 4.8
(deep)

6 Mw 20* 300* rhypo C G 1N

7.92 rrup, rhypo

Mw 25* 300* 4G 1M B
(8.25) for most

rrup, rhypo
9 Mw 20* 300* 4G 1M F
for most

C (N),
rrup, rhypo
7.2* Mw 0* 280* 4G 1M UM (R,
for most
NS)

A (N, R,
8 Mw 0* 200* repi, rjb 4G 1M
S)

3 Mw (ML) 0* 20* rhypo C G 1M A

7.9* Mw 4* 300* rhypo, rjb C G 1M A

A (S, N,
8 Mw 0 200 rjb C V 1M
R)

7 Mw 4 441 rjb C×C G O A

rrup for
Mw >
8 Mw 17 400 6.5, rhypo 1V 1M F
otherwis
e

rrup +
7.9[cxlvi] A (S, N,
Mw 0 300 others C V 1M
R, HW)
for HW

rhypo (rrup
386 for
7.8 for B, 8.8Mfor 61 for B,
F[cxlvii] for F
w B, 391 C U 2M B,F
31 for F and Mw
for F
≥ 7.7)

4 ML 2 78 rhypo U U 1A

7U 25* 950* rhypo 1U 2A

8.8 for F, 1000* for rrup for F,
25* for F,
7.8* for Mw (ML) F, 500* rhypo for C G 1M F, B
60* for B
B for B B

repi, repi,
7.0*, Mw and
U U rhypo and 1 V[cxlviii] 1 F, B, C
6.0*, U mb
repi

rhypo (rrup
7 Mw 0.8* 250 for Mw 1G 1M A
≥ 6)

4 ML 1 100 rhypo 3G 1V

7 Mw 1* 250* rjb C 1M G A

rjb, repi
A (S, R,
7.4* Mw 0* 190* for 3L O
N)
some

rjb, repi
A (S, R,
7 Mw (U) 5 303 for 4, C G 1M
U)
some

4 ML 3 100* rhypo 1B 1W A
7.9[cl] Mw 0.01[cli] 358[clii] rjb C G O A

8 Mw 5* 500* rhypo 1U 1A

A (R/S,
7 Mw 0.3* 200* repi 2G 2M
N)

rjb (repi
6 Mw (ML) 2* 200* for 4G 1M A
most)

7.4 + 7.6[cliv]
Mw 1 344[clv] rjb 2U 1A

A (S, R,
7 Mw 0* 200* rjb 5, 6 G 1M
N, U)

7 Mw (mb) 2 100 repi 2V O A (R, S)

6 ML 5 220 rrup 1, 2, C, I D50 1M A

6.8 + 7.6
Mw (Ms) 6* 230* rhypo 3B 2A
+ 7.2
3.8, 3.0 ML 2.3, 1.6 19, 42 rhypo 1G 1M W

5 ML 2 18* rhypo I G O A

5 Mw 0* 180 rhypo C, I G 1M A

3 Mw (MD) 0 73 rhypo I L 1M G

120* + 1300* +
9.1 + 9.0 Mw rhypo 4G 1F
500* 1000*

7 Ms 2 200 rjb C D50 1M A

A (R, S,
7 Mw (ML) 0.6* 200* rjb (repi) 4G 1M
U)

Mw (Ms, repi, rhypo, A (S, R,

7 1* 200* 3G 2M
mb) rjb & rrup U)

A (R, S,
8 Mw 1.5* 350* rrup C G 1M
N)

A (R, S,
7 Mw 1* 250* rjb (repi) 3 D50 O
N)
 A (R, S,
7 Mw 1* 250* rjb (repi) 3 D50 O
N)

6 Mw 15 650 rrup 1 L3 1W A

rjb (repi
for M <
6.87 + A (N, R,
Mw 0* 200* 5.5), rrup C D50 1M
8.0 S)
(rhypo for
M < 5.5)

7 Mw (Ms) 5 150 rhypo 3- 2A

rrup (rhypo A (S, R,

9 Mw 5 350 for C A 2 N, U, B,
some) C)

A (S, N,
7.9* Mw 0* 200* rrup C D50 O
R)

rrup (rhypo
A (S, N,
8 Mw (ML) 1 200 for Mw C, I G 1M
R)
< 4.8)

Mw (Ms, repi, rhypo, A (S, R,

7 1* 200* 3- 2M
mb) rjb & rrup U)

A (N, S,
7.6[clviii] Mw 0 437 rrup C D50 O R, F, B,
AS)
(2.9*) Mw (ML) 1.5* 7* rhypo 1G O E+M

A (C, F,
7 Mw 5* 300* rhypo I, 4 D50 1M
B)

rrup for
Mw >
8 Mw 22 400 6.5, rhypo 1 G[clx] 1M B
otherwis
e

7 Mw 0 545 rjb (repi) I D50 O A

7 Mw 0* 80* rjb 2 D50 O S

7.6* & 300* &

Mw 1* & 2.5 rjb & rhypo C & 1 D50 1M, O A
7.37 300

5 Mw (ML) 2* 200* rhypo 3G 1M V

7.9 +
Mw 0* 200* rrup C D50 1M A
7.68

280 +
7.1 + 9.1 Mw (ML) 1 + 26 rrup C D50 O A (B, F)
345
7.65 + A (N, S,
Mw (ML) 0.1* 200* rrup C D50 O
7.9 R, HW)

7 Mw 42 640 rhypo 1L 2M A

5 ML 1 100 rhypo 3G 1M V

5 ML 4 200* rhypo 1A 1A

A (S, R,
7.0* Mw 0.1* 300* rjb C D50 O
N)

rrup, rhypo
for
8 Mw (ML) 4 300 1 D50 1M A
some
events

7 Mw 10* 430* rhypo 1L 2W A

8 Mw 16 1560 rhypo 1U O A
Reference Area H V E Mmin Mmax

Johnson (1973) W. USA 41 - 23 5.3 7.7

Kobayashi and
Nagahashi Japan U - U 5.4* 7.9*
(1977)

McGuire (1977) W. USA 34 - 22 5.3 7.6

Trifunac (1977)
& Trifunac and W. USA 182 182 46 3.8 7.7
Anderson (1977)

W. USA, Japan,
Papua New 26[iv]
Faccioli (1978) - 11 5.3 7.8
Guinea, Mexico
& Greece

R. K. McGuire
W. USA 70 - 17+* 4.5* 7.7
(1978b)

Trifunac (1978)
& Trifunac and
W. USA 182 182 46 3.8 7.7
Anderson
(1978a)
Trifunac and
Anderson W. USA 182 182 46 3.8 7.7
(1978b)

Cornell, Banon,
and Shakal W. USA 70 - U U U
(1979)

Faccioli and
Friuli, Italy 38 - 14 3.7 6.3
Agalbato (1979)

Trifunac and
W. N. America U U U U U
Lee (1979)

Ohsaki et al.
Japan 95 - 29+ 3.9* 7.2*
(1980)

Ohsaki, Watabe,
and Tohdo Japan 75 - U 4.0 7.4
(1980)

Trifunac (1980) W. USA U - U U U

Devillers and
Mohammadioun W. USA 186 - U 3.3* 7.7*
(1981)

Joyner and
W. N. America 64 - 12 5.3* 7.7
Boore (1982a)

Joyner and
W. N. America 64 - 12 5.3* 7.7
Boore (1982b)
Kobayashi and
Midorikawa Japan 45 - U 5.1 7.5
(1982)

Joyner and
Fumal (1984),
Joyner and
W. N. America U - U 5.0 7.7
Fumal (1985) &
Joyner and
Boore (1988)

Kawashima,
Aizawa, and
Japan 197 - 90 5.0 U
Takahashi
(1984)

Kawashima,
Aizawa, and
Japan - 119 90* 5.0* 7.5*
Takahashi
(1985)

Trifunac and
W. N. America 438 438 104 U U
Lee (1985b)

Kamiyama and
Yanagisawa Japan 228 - 69 4.5 7.9
(1986)

C.B. Crouse (1987)[x]S. California U - U U U

Lee (1987) &
Mostly California 494 494 106 U U
Lee (1993)

K. Sadigh (1987)[xi] W. USA + others U - U U U

Annaka and
Japan U - 45 U U
Nozawa (1988)

Crouse, Vyas,
and Schell N. Honshu 64 - U 5.1 8.2
(1988)

Petrovski and
Europe 120 120 46 3.0 7.0
Marcellini (1988)

PML (1988)[xii] USA + Europe +

162 124 30* 3.0* ≥ 7.0
others

Yokota, Shiba,
and Okada Tokyo 154 24 75 (U) 4.0 6.1
(1988)
Youngs, Day, Worldwide
20 + 197 +
and Stevens subduction - 16* (60) 5.6* (5) 8.1* (8.1, 8.2)[xiii]
389
(1988) zones

Kamiyama
Japan 228 - U 4.1 7.9
(1989)

California + 7 7.7Mw
Sewell (1989) 112 - 24 5.0
other events (ML, Ms)

Trifunac and
Mostly California 438 438 104 U U
Lee (1989)

G. M. Atkinson E. N. America + 92+10[xiv] 3.60 6.00

- 8+3
(1990) 10 others (5.16) (6.84)

Campbell (1990) Unknown U - U U U

Dahle, Bungum,
and Kvamme Worldwide
(1990) & Dahle, intraplate 87 - 56 2.9 7.8
Bugum, and regions
Kvamme (1990)
Tamura, Sasaki,
and Aizawa Japan 97 - 7 7.1 7.9
(1990)

Tsai, Brady, and

Worldwide <88 - <51 4.9* 7.4
Cluff (1990)

Worldwide
Crouse (1991) subduction 235 - U 5.1 8.2
zones

Dahle, Bungum, Intraplate

and Kvamme (particularly 395+31 - 136+11 2.4*(4.1) 5.2*(6.9)
(1991) Norway)

I.M. Idriss (1991)[xvi]Unknown 572 - 30* 4.6 7.4

Loh et al. (1991) Taiwan 112 - 63 4.0 7.1

Matuschka and
New Zealand 80 80 30 U U
Davis (1991)

Mohammadioun
Italy 144 - 46 3.0 6.5
(1991)

Stamatovska Mainly Italy and

and Petrovski former 489[xvii] - 78 3* 8*
(1991) Yugoslavia
Stamatovska Mainly Italy and
and Petrovski former 489[xvii] - 78 3* 8*
(1991) Yugoslavia

Niazi and
Bozorgnia array, Taiwan 236 234 12 3.6 7.8
(1992)

Benito et al. Campano

84 - U 4.7 6.5
(1992) Lucano

Silva and
W. USA with 4
Abrahamson U–136 - U–12 6.1 7.4
foreign
(1992)

Tento,
Franceschina,
Italy 137 - 40 4.0 6.6
and Marcellini
(1992)

Abrahamson W. USA with 4

22–201 - 1–18 6.0 7.4
and Silva (1993) foreign

Boore, Joyner,
and Fumal
(1993) & Boore, W. N. America 112 - 14 5.3 7.7
Joyner, and
Fumal (1997)

Caillot and Bard

Italy 83 - ≤ 40 3.2 6.8
(1993)
Campbell (1993) Worldwide U - U U[xix] U

Sadigh et al.
California with 4
(1993) & Sadigh 960+4 U 119+2 3.8 (6.8) 7.4 (7.4)
foreign
et al. (1997)

Electric Power
Eastern North
Research 66 132 U 4* 6.8*
America
Institute (1993a)

Sun and Peng W. USA with 1

150+1 - 42+1 4.1 7.7
(1993) foreign

Boore, Joyner,
and Fumal
(1994a) & 7.70
W. N. America 112 (70) - 14 (9) 5.3
Boore, Joyner, (7.40)
and Fumal
(1997)

Climent et al. Central America

280 U 72 U U
(1994) & Mexico
Fukushima,
Gariel, and
Tanaka (1994) & 3 vertical arrays
285 284 42 5.0 7.7
Fukushima, in Japan
Gariel, and
Tanaka (1995)

Lawson and
Krawinkler W. USA 250+ - 11 5.8 7.4
(1994)

Lee and Manić

Former
(1994) & V. W. 313 313 183 3.8 7.0
Yugoslavia
Lee (1995)

Mohammadioun 108[xxv]
California 56 23 5.3 7.7
(1994)

G.
Mohammadioun W. USA 530[xxvi] ≈ 265 U U U
(1994)

Musson,
Marrow, and UK + 28* foreign 88*+28*[xxvii] - 15+16 3 (3.7) 4.1 (6.4)
Winter (1994)
Theodulidis and
Greece+16 105+16[xxix] -
Papazachos 36+4 4.5 (7.2) 7.0 (7.5)
foreign
(1994)

Dahle et al.
Cen. America 280 - 72 3* 8*
(1995)

V. W. Lee and
W. N. America 1926 1926 297 1.7 7.7
Trifunac (1995)

N. N.
Ambraseys, Europe & Mid.
422 - 157 4.0 7.9
Simpson, and East
Bommer (1996)

N. N.
Europe & Mid.
Ambraseys and - 417 157 4.0 7.9
East
Simpson (1996)

Bommer et al. El Salvador &

36 - 20 3.7 7.0
(1996) Nicaragua

Crouse and Cen. & S.

238 - 16 6.0 7.7
McGuire (1996) California
Free (1996) &
Stable H: 137–
Free,
continental 399–410 347–477 138, V: 1.5 6.8
Ambraseys, and
regions 126–132
Sarma (1998)

Molas and
Yamazaki Japan 2166 - 387 4.1 7.8
(1996)

Ohno et al.
California 248 - 17 5.0 7.5
(1996)

Sabetta and
Italy 95 95 17 4.6 6.8
Pugliese (1996)

Spudich et al.
Worldwide
(1996) &
extensional 99–118 - 27–29 5.1 6.9
Spudich et al.
regimes
(1997)

Abrahamson California with

≤ 655* ≤ 650* ≤ 58 4.4 7.4
and Silva (1997) some others
G. M. Atkinson Cascadia with
U - 11+9 4.1 6.7(8.2)
(1997) some foreign

Campbell
(1997),
Campbell (2000) Worldwide 266[xxxi] 173 H:30, V:22 4.7 8.1
& Campbell
(2001)

Schmidt, Dahle,
and Bungum Costa Rica 200 - 57 3.3 7.6
(1997)

Worldwide
Youngs et al.
subduction ≤ 476 - ≤ 164 5.0 8.2
(1997)
zones

Bommer et al. Europe & Mid.

121–183 - 34–43 5.5 7.9
(1998) East

Perea and Urban area of 10[xxxii] - 8 5.8 8.1

Sordo (1998) Puebla, Mexico

University City,
Reyes (1998) 20+ - 20+ U U
Mexico City
Shabestari and
Yamazaki Japan 3990 - 1020 U 8.1
(1998)

Chapman
W. N. America 304 - 23 5.0 7.7
(1999)

Worldwide
Spudich et al.
extensional 105–132 - ≤ 38 5.1 7.2
(1999)
regimes

N. Ambraseys
and Douglas
(2000), Douglas
Worldwide 186 183 44 5.8 7.8
(2001b) &
Ambraseys and
Douglas (2003)

Bozorgnia,
Campbell, and Worldwide 1308 1308 33 U U
Niazi (2000)

Campbell and
Bozorgnia Worldwide 275–435 274–434 ≤ 36 ≥ 4.7 ≤ 7.7
(2000)

Chou and Uang

California 273 - 15 5.6 7.4
(2000)
Field (2000) S California 357–447 - 28 5.1 7.5

Kawano et al.
Japan 107 107 44 5.5 7.0
(2000)

Kobayashi et al.
Japan U - U 5.0 7.8
(2000)

McVerry et al. NZ with 66 ≤ 224 (7.23(7.4

- (51+17) -5.1
(2000) foreign (461+66) 1))

Monguilner et al.
W. Argentina 54 54 10 4.3 7.4
(2000)

Paciello,
Rinaldis, and Greece & Italy 115 - 18 4.5* U
Romeo (2000)

Shabestari and
Yamazaki Japan 6017 - 94 5.0 6.6
(2000)

P. Smit et al.
Caucasus 84 - 26 4.0 7.1
(2000)

Takahashi et al. Japan+166

≤1332 - U+7* 5* (5.8*) 8.3* (8*)
(2000) foreign

Lussou et al.
Japan 3011 3011 102 3.7 6.3
(2001)
Das, Gupta, and
Gupta (2002, NE India 174 - 6 5.5 7.2
2006)

Gülkan and 93[xxxiii]

Turkey - 19 4.5 7.4
Kalkan (2002)

Khademi (2002) Iran 160 160 28* 3.4* 7.4

Former 153[xxxiv] 4.0 and 6.9 and

Manic (2002) 77 19
Yugoslavia 4.2 7.0

Schwarz et al.
N.W. Turkey 683 683 U 0.9* 7.2
(2002)

Zonno and
Umbria-Marche 161 - 15 4.5 5.9
Montaldo (2002)

Alarcón (2003) Colombia 45 or 47 - U 4.0 6.7

Atkinson and Subduction

1200+ - 43* 5.5 8.3
Boore (2003) zones

Europe & Mid.

Berge-Thierry et 802+163[xxxv] 403+82[xxxvi]130+8
East+163 from 4.0 (5.8) 7.9 (7.4)
al. (2003)
W. USA
Bommer,
Europe & Mid.
Douglas, and 422 - 157 4.0 7.9
East
Strasser (2003)

Campbell and
Bozorgnia
(2003d),
Campbell and
Bozorgnia Worldwide 443 439 36[xxxvii] 4.7 7.7
(2003a) &
Bozorgnia and
Campbell
(2004b)

Mainly west
Fukushima et al. Eurasia+some
399+341 - 40+10 5.5 7.4
(2003) US and
Japanese

Kalkan and 95–100[xxxviii]

Turkey - 47 4.2 7.4
Gülkan (2004a)

Kalkan and
Turkey 112 - 57 4.0 7.4
Gülkan (2004a)

Matsumoto et al. 293[xl]

Japan - 63 5.0* 7.6*
(2004)

Özbey et al.
NW Turkey 195 - 17 5.0 7.4
(2004)
Özbey et al.
NW Turkey 195 - 17 5.0 7.4
(2004)

Pankow and
Pechmann
Worldwide
(2004) and
extensional 142 - 39 5.1 7.2
Pankow and
regimes
Pechmann
(2006)

Sunuwar,
Okhotsk-Amur
Cuadra, and 667 667 42 4.0 5.6
plate boundary
Karkee (2004)

Takahashi et al. Mainly Japan+W

4400 - 270 4.9* 8.3*
(2004) USA+Iran

Chi-chi
Wang et al.
aftershocks 200* - 4 5.8 6.3
(2004)
(Taiwan)

Y. Yu and Hu 522+187[xli]
W USA - 38+14* 5.0 7.5
(2004)

187 for T <

Y.-X. Yu and 5.0* 7.8*
W USA 1.5 s, 754 - >17
Wang (2004) (5.0*) (7.5*)
for T > 1.5 s

N. N.
Europe & Middle
Ambraseys et al. 207–595 - 59–135 5.0 7.6
East
(2005a)
N. N.
Europe & Middle
Ambraseys et al. - 207–595 59–135 5.0 7.6
East
(2005b)

E Alps (45.6–
Bragato and
46.8∘N & 12– 1402 3168 240 2.5 6.3
Slejko (2005)
14∘E)

Garcı́a et al.
Central Mexico 277 277 16 5.2 7.4
(2005)

Central Utah
McGarr and
coal-mining 31–72 - 12 1.0 4.2
Fletcher (2005)
areas

Pousse et al.
Japan 6812 - 591 4.1 7.3
(2005)
Takahashi et al.
(2005), Zhao et
Japan+208 2763–
al. (2006) and - <249+20 5.0 8.3
overseas 4518+208
Fukushima et al.
(2006)

Wald et al.
California U - U U 5.3*
(2005)

G. M. Atkinson Los Angeles

461–4973 - 509+ 3.1* 7.1*
(2006) region

Shallow crustal
Beyer and (USA, Taiwan,
949 - 103 4.3* 7.9*
Bommer (2006) Turkey and
others)

Bindi et al.
Umbria-Marche 144–239 - ≤ 45 4.0 5.9
(2006)

Campbell and
Bozorgnia
(2006a) and
Worldwide 1500+ - 60+ 4.2 7.9
Campbell and
Bozorgnia
(2006b)

Hernandez et al. Haulien LSTT

456 456 51 5.0 7.3
(2006) (Taiwan)
 Ciudad
Jaimes,
Universitaria
Reinoso, and 21 - 21 6.0 8.1
station, Mexico
Ordaz (2006)
City

3205–
3392+331–
5.0* 8.2*
Kanno et al. Japan+some 377 70–73+10
- (6.1) & (7.4) &
(2006) foreign (shallow) & & 101–111
5.5* 8.0*
7721–8150
(deep)

Kataoka et al.
Japan 5160 - 47 4.8* 6.9*
(2006)

McVerry et al.
New Zealand 435 - 49 5.1 7.1
(2006)

Pousse et al. 9390[xliii]

Japan - U 4.1 7.3
(2006)

Sakamoto,
Uchiyama, and
Japan 3198 - 52 5.5 8.3
Midorikawa
(2006)

Indian
Sharma and Himalayas+9
175+9 - 12+7 4.5 (6.0) 7.2 (7.4)
Bungum (2006) European
records

Sigbjörnsson
Europe & Mid.
and Elnashai 422 - 157 4.0 7.9
East
(2006)
Tapia (2006) &
Tapia, Susagna, Western
334 - 30 3.8 6.0
and Goula Mediterranean
(2007)

Uchiyama and
Midorikawa Japan 3198 - 52 5.5 8.3
(2006)

Zare and
Iran 89 89 55* 2.7 7.4
Sabzali (2006)

Akkar and
Europe & Middle
Bommer 532 - 131 5.0 7.6
East
(2007a)

Bindi et al.
NW Turkey 4047 4047 528 0.5 5.9
(2007)

Bommer et al. Europe and

997 - 289 3.0 7.6
(2007) Middle East

Boore and
Atkinson (2007) Worldwide 4.27–5.00[xlvii]
7.90[xlviii]
600*–1574 - 18*–58
& Boore and shallow crustal
Atkinson (2008)
Campbell and
Bozorgnia
(2007),
Campbell and
Worldwide 4.27[l] 7.90[li]
Bozorgnia 506–1561 - 21–64
shallow crustal
(2008b) &
Campbell and
Bozorgnia
(2008a)

Danciu and
Tselentis
(2007a), Danciu
Greece 335 - 151 4.5 6.9
and Tselentis
(2007b) &
Danciu (2006)

Y. Fukushima,
Bonilla, et al. Mainly west
(2007b) & Y. Eurasia+some
399+339 - 40+10 5.5 7.4
Fukushima, US and
Bonilla, et al. Japanese
(2007a)
Hong and Goda
(2007) & Goda
California 484–592 - 34–39 5* 7.4*
and Hong
(2008)

Massa et al. Central northern

1063 - 243 2.5 5.2
(2007) Italy

Tejeda-Jácome
and Chávez- Colima, Mexico 162 162 26 3.3 5.2
Garcı́a (2007)

Abrahamson
and Silva (2008) Worldwide 4.27[lii] 7.9[liii]
500*–2754 - 64–135
& Abrahamson shallow crustal
and Silva (2009)

Aghabarati and
Worldwide
Tehranizadeh 646 646 54 5.2 7.9
shallow crustal
(2008)

C. Cauzzi and
Faccioli (2008) Worldwide
1164 1132 60 5.0 7.2
& C. V. Cauzzi shallow crustal
(2008)

Y. Chen and Yu Worldwide

130 - U 5.0* 7.5*
(2008b) shallow crustal
Y. Chen and Yu Worldwide
130 - U 5.0* 7.5*
(2008b) shallow crustal

Y. Chen and Yu Worldwide

130 - U 5.0* 7.5*
(2008a) shallow crustal

B. S.-J. Chiou
Worldwide ≤1950[liv] 4.265[lv] 7.90[lvi]
and Youngs - ≤125
shallow crustal
(2008)

Cotton et al.
Japan 3894 - 337 4.0 7.3
(2008)

Dhakal, Takai,
772 (B), 10 (B), 20 5.4 (B), 7.0 (B),
and Sasatani Northern Japan -
1749 (F) (F) 5.1 (F) 7.3 (F)
(2008)

Hancock,
Worldwide
Bommer, and U - U 5.6* 7.9*
shallow crustal
Stafford (2008)

Worldwide
Idriss (2008) 942 - 72 4.5 7.7
shallow crustal

1880 11 6.9
(crustal), (crustal), 5.8 (crustal),
Kataoka et al.
Japan 2374 - 14 (crustal), 8.2
(2008)
(subduction (subductio 6.1 (subduct
) n) ion)

Lin and Lee NE Taiwan+10

4244+139 - 44+10 4.1 (6.0) 7.3 (8.1)
(2008) foreign

Massa et al.
Northern Italy 306 306 82 3.5 & 4.0 6.3 & 6.5
(2008)

Morasca et al.
Molise 3090 3090 100 2.7 5.7
(2008)
Morasca et al.
Molise 3090 3090 100 2.7 5.7
(2008)

Yuzawa and
Japan 1988 - 18 5.9, 5.7 8.0, 7.9
Kudo (2008)

Ghasemi et al. Iran+West

716+177 - 200 5.0 7.4
(2009) Eurasia

Aghabarati and
Worldwide
Tehranizadeh 678 678 55 5.2 7.9
shallow crustal
(2009)

Akyol and Western

168 - 49 4.0 6.4
Karagöz (2009) Anatolia

Bindi, Luzi, and

Italy 241 241 27 4.8 6.9
Pacor (2009)

Bindi, Luzi, et al.

Italy 235 - 27 4.6 6.9
(2009)

Bragato (2009) Italy 922 - 116 2.7 4.5

8557 (3410 155 (51

Goda and
Japan shallow, - shallow, 5.5 7.9
Atkinson (2009)
5147 deep) 104 deep)

H. P. Hong,
Mexico
Pozos-Estrada,
(interface & 418, 277 -, - 40, 16 5.0, 5.2 8.0, 7.4
and Gomez
inslab)
(2009)
H. P. Hong,
Zhang, and California 484–592 - 34–39 5* 7.4*
Goda (2009)

Kuehn,
Scherbaum, and
Worldwide 2660 - 60 5.6 7.9*
Riggelsen
(2009)

Moss (2009) & Worldwide

1950 - 125 4.3 7.9
Moss (2011) shallow crustal

Rupakhety and
South
Sigbjörnsson 64+29 - 12 5.0 7.7
Iceland+others
(2009)

Indian
Sharma et al.
Himalayas+Zagr 58+143 - 6+10 5.5 & 5.9 6.8 & 6.6
(2009)
os

Akkar and Europe & Middle

532 - 131 5.0 7.6
Bommer (2010) East

Akkar and
Turkey 433 - 137 5.0 7.6
Çağnan (2010)

Amiri et al. Alborz and central Iran[lxi] 416 - 189 3.2[lxii] 7.7
(2009)

Arroyo et al. Pacific coast of

418 - 40 5.0 8.0
(2010) Mexico
Bindi et al.
Italy 561 561 107 4.0 6.9
(2010)

Bozorgnia,
Worldwide
Hachem, and 506–1561 - 21–64 4.3 7.9
shallow crustal
Campbell (2010)

Das and Gupta Chi-Chi region

487–498 - 16 5.0 7.3
(2010) (Taiwan)

Douglas and
Europe & Middle
Halldórsson 595 - 135 5.0 7.6
East
(2010)

Faccioli,
Worldwide
Bianchini, and 1499 - ≤ 60 4.5 7.6
shallow crustal
Villani (2010)

Hong and Goda California[lxiii]

484–592 - 34–39 5.0 7.3
(2010)

Jayaram and Worldwide

1561 - 64 4.3 7.9
Baker (2010) shallow crustal

Montalva (2010)
& Rodriguez-
Japan 3894 - 337 4.0 7.3
Marek et al.
(2011)
Ornthammarath
et al. (2010),
Ornthammarath
South Iceland 81 - 6 5.1 6.5
(2010) &
Ornthammarath
et al. (2011)

Rodriguez-
Marek and Japan 3894 - 337 4.0 7.3
Montalva (2010)

Sadeghi,
Shooshtari, and Iran 883 - 79 5.0 7.4*
Jaladat (2010)

Saffari et al. Central Iran &

627 - 110 5.0 7.4*
(2010) Zagros

Anderson and
Guerrero,
Uchiyama 293 293 27 5.1 8.0
Mexico
(2011)

Arroyo and Worldwide

906, 458 - 44, 28 U U
Ordaz (2011) shallow crustal

Bindi, Pacor, et
Italy 769 - 99 4.1 6.9
al. (2011)
Buratti, Stafford,
Worldwide
and Bommer 1666 - U 5.6* 7.9*
shallow crustal
(2011)

Cauzzi et al.
Global U - U 3.0 7.9
(2011)

Chopra and
Choudhury Gujarat (India) 407 407 >70 3.5 5.7
(2011)

Gehl, Bonilla,
and Douglas Japan 3874 - 335 4.0 7.3
(2011)

P.-S. Lin, Lee, et Taiwan+8

5181+87 - 44+8 3.5 (6.0) 7.6 (7.4)
al. (2011) foreign events

Chang, Jean,
Taiwan 302 - 58 5.5 7.3
and Loh (2012)

Contreras and
Boroschek Chile 117 - 13 6.5 8.8
(2012)

Sichuan-Yunnan
Cui et al. (2012) 962 - >21 4.5 6.5
(China)

Di Alessandro et
Italy 602 - 120 4.0 6.8
al. (2012)
Hamzehloo and 109[lxiv]
East central Iran 258 - 4.9* 7.4
Mahood (2012)

Laouami and Algeria + Europe 633 + 528 & 155[lxv] 82+17* & 6.8
- 3 (5*)
Slimani (2012) & USA 7* (7.3*)

Saffari et al.
Iran 351 - 78 5.0 7.4
(2012)

Abrahamson,
Silva, and Worldwide 15750–
- 326–70* 3.0 7.9[lxvi]
Kamai (2013, shallow crustal 4000*
2014)

Boore et al. Worldwide 15000*–

- 350*–100* 3.0 7.9[lxvii]
(2013, 2014) shallow crustal 5000*

Campbell and
Worldwide 3.0[lxviii] 7.9[lxix]
Bozorgnia 15521–U* - 322–U*
shallow crustal
(2013, 2014)

Chiou and
Worldwide 12244– 3.1*[lxx] 7.9*[lxxi]
Youngs (2013, - 300–U*
shallow crustal 4200*
2014)

Mainly
Douglas et al.
geothermally- 3968 - 535 1* 4*
(2013)
related

Idriss (2013, Worldwide

2353 - 151 4.5[lxxiii] 7.9[lxxiv]
2014) shallow crustal
Laurendeau et
Japan 2357 - 132 4.5 6.9
al. (2013)

Morikawa and
Japan 21681 - 333 5.5 9.0
Fujiwara (2013)

Pacific
Earthquake
Worldwide
Engineering - Mw C
shallow crustal
Research
Center (2013)

Segou and Europe & Middle

327 - 164 4.1 6.6
Voulgaris (2013) East

Sharma et al. Geysers, N.

5451 - 212 1.3 3.3
(2013) California

Skarlatoudis et Hellenic Arc

≤743 - ≤21 4.4 6.7
al. (2013) (Greece)

Akkar,
Sandıkkaya, and Europe & Middle
1041–600* - 221 4.0 7.6[lxxv]
Bommer (2014a, East
2014b)

R: 229, S:
Ansary (2014) Himalaya, India - 150* 2.5* 7.8
187
Bindi, Massa, et
Europe & Middle 1224–800*, 225–150*,
al. (2014b, - 4.0 7.6
East 2126–1460 365–226
2014a)

Derras, Cotton, Europe & Middle

1088 - 320 3.6[lxxvii] 7.6[lxxviii]
and Bard (2014) East

Ghofrani and
Japan > 1000 - 6 7.0 9.0
Atkinson (2014)

San Jacinto fault

Kurzon et al.
zone (S. 29474 - 809 1.5 5.9
(2014)
California, USA)

829, 2805, 146, 658, 6.9, 6.9,

Luzi et al. (2014) Italy - 4, 4, 3.5
401 41 6.3

Rodrı́guez- Cen. and S. 75 (F), 121 5.1 (F), 8.0 (F),

- 8 F, 25 B
Pérez (2014) Mexico (B) 5.0 (B) 7.2 (B)

Worldwide
Stafford (2014) U - U U U
shallow crustal
 9 events from
Vacareanu et al. Vrancea 5.2 (5.6)[lxxxi]
7.4 (7.8)[lxxxii]
233+198 - 9+17
(2014) (Romania) + 17
foreign events

Atkinson (2015) California U - U 3* 6*

C. Cauzzi, Worldwide
Faccioli, Vanini, shallow active 1880 - 98 4.5 7.9
et al. (2015) crustal

Emolo et al.
South Korea 11129 - 222 2.0 4.9
(2015)

Haendel et al.
Northern Chile 1094 - 138 5* 8.1
(2015)

Jaimes,
Ramirez- Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City[lxxxv]
22 - 22 5.2 7.4
Gaytán, and
Reinoso (2015)

Kale et al.
Turkey & Iran 1198 - 313 4.0 7.6[lxxxvi]
(2015)

Kuehn and
Europe & Middle
Scherbaum 835 - 279 4.0 7.6
East
(2015)
Pacific
Earthquake
Engineering Cen. and E. N.
Research America + 6061[lxxxvii] - 78[lxxxviii] 2.5 7.6[lxxxix]
Center (2015) — foreign
Al Noman and
Cramer

Vrancea,
Vacareanu, Romania +
Radulian, et al. foreign 344+360 - 9+29 5.2 (5.1) 7.4 (8.0)
(2015) intermediate-
depth

Vuorinen, Tiira, Fennoscandian

U - 2239 U U
and Lund (2015) shield

Zhao et al. Japan + some

16362 - 335 + 62 4.9* 9.1*
(2015) overseas

Abrahamson,
Gregor, and
Worldwide 2590 for B, 63 for B, 5.0 for B, 7.9 for B,
Addo (2016) & -
subduction 953 for F 43 for F 6.0 for F 8.4 for F
BC Hydro
(2012)
 Groningen,
Bommer et al. Netherlands
85 - 12 2.6 3.6
(2016) (induced
seismicity)

Bozorgnia and
Worldwide
Campbell - 15161 321 3.0[xc] 7.9[xci]
shallow crustal
(2016b)

S. R. Kotha,
Bindi, and Europe & Middle
1251 - U 4.0 7.6
Cotton (2016a, East
2016b)

Landwehr et al. California &

10692 - 221 3.0* 7.3*
(2016) Nevada

Lanzano et al. Po Plain & NE

2489 - 94 4.0 6.4
(2016) Italy

Sedaghati and Europe & Middle

350 - 85 5.0 7.6
Pezeshk (2016) East

Shoushtari,
Malaysia, Japan
Adnan, and Zare 531 - 13 5.0 7.7
and Iran
(2016)

Stewart et al. Worldwide

- 17089 U 3.0 7.9[xcv]
(2016) shallow crustal

Sung and Lee

Taiwan 19887 - 150 4.0 7.6
(2016)
 1158 4.3
1158 38
Tusa and Mount Etna, (shallow), (shallow)
(shallow), (shallow), 3.0
Langer (2016) Italy 1957 , 4.8
1957 (deep) 53 (deep)
(deep) (deep)

Wang et al. Offshore NE

20*–832 - 13 4.0 5.9
(2016) Taiwan

J. X. Zhao,
7.92
Jiang, et al. Japan 4555+155 - 125+11 5.0*
(8.25)
(2016)

J. X. Zhao,
Liang, et al. Japan 3111+463 - 76 5.0* 9.0
(2016)

J. X. Zhao,
Japan + some
Zhou, et al. 5957 - 117 4.9 7.2*
foreign
(2016)

Ameri et al. Europe & Middle

2355 - 384 3.0 7.6
(2017) East

Bindi et al. Worldwide

4692 - 242 3* 7.9*
(2017) shallow crustal

Çağnan et al. Europe & Middle

- 1041 221 4.0 7.6
(2017a, 2017b) East

Derras, Bard,
and Cotton Japan 977 - 214 3.7 6.9
(2017)

Garcı́a-Soto and Mexico (Pacific

418 418 40 5.0 8.0
Jaimes (2017) coast)
Garcı́a-Soto and Mexico (Pacific
418 418 40 5.0 8.0
Jaimes (2017) coast)

Gülerce et al. Worldwide 15597–

- 326–70* 3.0 7.9[xcviii]
(2017) shallow crustal 4000*

Hassani et al. Iran[xcix] 806 - 330 4.0 7.3

(2017)

100*–114 U–38 for

Idini et al. (2017) Chile for B, 150– - B, U–65 5.5 7.8 for B, 8.8 for F[c]
369 for F for F

G. A. Montalva,
Bastı́as, and 8.8 for F,
2461 for F, 281 for F,
Rodriguez- Chile - 4.5* 7.8* for
1313 for S 192 for B
Marek (2017b, B
2017a, 2017c)

Peruzza et al. Mount Etna,

1158 - 38 3.0 4.3
(2017) Italy

Sedaghati and
Iran ≤688 ≤688 ≤152 4.7 7.4
Pezeshk (2017)

Shahidzadeh
and Yazdani Iran 289 - 136 5.0* 7.4*
(2017)

Soghrat and
N Iran 325 325 55 4.1 7.3
Ziyaeifar (2017)
Zuccolo,
Bozzoni, and Lai Southwest Italy 2270 - 319 1.5 4.2
(2017)

Ameur, Derras,
Worldwide
and Zendagui 2335 - 137 3.2[ci] 7.9[cii]
shallow crustal
(2018)

M. D’Amico et S Calabria &

832–840 - 48 4.0 6.0
al. (2018) Sicily (Italy)

Felicetta et al.
Italy 769 - 99 4.1 6.9
(2018)

Gupta and W Himalaya and

365 365 83 4.0* 6.9*
Trifunac (2018c) NE India

Ktenidou et al. Euroseistest (N

691 - 74 2.0 5.6
(2018) Greece)

S. R. Kotha,
6462–
Cotton, and Japan - U–850 3.4 7.3
15896
Bindi (2018a)

Laouami,
Slimani, and Algeria + Europe 556 + 494 + 82 + 58 + 3.0 + 5.3 6.8 + 7.6
-
Larbes (2018b, + W. USA 158 8 + 5.9 + 7.2
2018a)

Laurendeau et 4.5*,
Japan 1031, 765 - 80, 75 6.9*
al. (2018) 4.5*
 Graham and
Mahani and Kao
Septimus areas U, U - 129, 90 1.5, 1.5 3.8, 3.0
(2018)
(BC, Canada)

Sharma and
The Geysers,
Convertito 261711 - 10974 0.7 3.3
USA
(2018)

Shoushtari,
Japan + Malay
Adnan, and Zare 651 + 77 - 11 + 14 5.0 + 6.7 9.1 + 9.0
Peninsula
(2018)

Wen et al. Sichuan region

1644 - 186 4.0 6.7
(2018) (China)

Zafarani et al.
Iran 1551 - 200 4.0 7.3
(2018)

Bindi et al. Europe & Middle 2767–

- U–2179 3.5 7.8
(2019) East 18859

Darzi et al.
Iran 1350 - 370 4.5 7.4
(2019)

Farajpour,
Pezeshk, and Iran 1356[cv] - 208 4.8 7.5
Zare (2019)

Huang and
Italy 7843 - 233 4.0 6.9
Galasso (2019)
Lanzano, Luzi,
Pacor, Felicetta,
et al. (2019; Italy + 12 foreign 4965 + 823[cvi]–4100* 3.5 + 6.87 +
- 144 + 12
Lanzano, Luzi, events 6.07 8.0
Pacor, Puglia, et
al. 2019)

Algeria + Europe 257 + 247

Laouami (2019) - U 3.0 7.4
+ W. USA + 79

Sung and Lee

Taiwan 20006 - 497 4.0 7.6
(2019)

Zolfaghari and
Iran - 1350 370 4.5 7.4
Darzi (2019b)

Chao et al.
Taiwan ≤40892 - ≤316 3.5 7.6[cvii]
(2020)

Cremen, Lancashire + N.
Werner, and Nottinghamshire 195+192 - 29+48 (0.1*) (2.9*)
Baptie (2020) (UK)

738
Hu, Tan, and Sagami Bay, (offshore),
738 (offshore)[cviii], 233, 223
3775 (onshore) 4.0 6.8
Zhao (2020) Japan 3775 (onshore)
(onshore)
Jaimes and
Garcı́a-Soto Mexico 366 366 23 5.2 8.2
(2020)

Kotha et al. Europe & 18222–

- 927–491 3.0 7.4
(2020) Mediterranean 9698

Kowsari et al.
South Iceland 83 - 6 5.1 6.5
(2020)

Separate
Kuehn et al. 13236 & 7.6* &
models for - 108 & 480 4* & 3
(2020) 2775 7.37
Taiwan & Iran

Lanzano and Volcanic areas,

615–550* - 41 3.0 4.9
Luzi (2020) Italy

Sichuan-Yunnan 250 + 276– 7 + 22–7 + 7.9 +

Li et al. (2020) - 6.0 + 6.1
(China) + global 250 + 140* 10* 7.68

Phung, Loh,
Chao, and 3314 +
Taiwan + Japan - 51 + 25 4.5 + 6.5 7.1 + 9.1
Abrahamson 3376
(2020)

Phung, Loh,
Taiwan + other ≤ 11375 + 3.5 + 7.65 +
Chao, Chiou, et - ≤ 157 + 30
shallow crustal 2040 6.46 7.9
al. (2020)
Tusa, Langer,
and Azzaro Mt Etna, Italy 1600 1600 49 3.0 4.8
(2020)

Boore et al.
Greece 1500–1000* - 150–30* 4.0* 7.0*
(2021)

C. Huang,
Tarbali, and N. Italy 2427 - 85 4.0 6.4
Galasso (2021)

Gao, Chan, and

S. Taiwan 338 - 61 4.2 7.6
Lee (2021)

[i]

They state it is
two dimensional
response
spectrum which
assume to be
resolved
component.
[ii] Note only valid for R ≥ 20 km

[iii] Note only valid for R ≤ 200 km

[iv] Total earthquake components (does not need to be multiplied by two)

[v] Idriss (1978) finds magnitudes to be mixture of ML, mb and Ms.

[vi] Note only valid for R ≥ 20 km

[vii] Note only valid for R ≤ 200 km

[viii] Note only valid for R ≥ 20 km

[ix] Note only valid for R ≤ 200 km

[x] Reported in Joyner and Boore (1988).

[xi] Reported in Joyner and Boore (1988).

[xii] Details of dataset are given in tables but quality of scan too poor to clearly see digits.

[xiii] Consider equations valid for Mw ≤ 8

[xiv] Total earthquake components (does not need to be multiplied by two). 79+10 records for 0.1 s equation.
[xv] Consider more than 4 natural periods but results not reported.

[xvi] Reported in Idriss (1993).

[xvii] Does not need to be multiplied by two.

[xviii] Distance to centre of array

[xix] Considers equation valid for M ≥ 4.7.

[xx] Considers equation valid for d ≤ 300 km.

[xxi] Equations stated to be for distances up to 100 km

[xxii] Minimum period for vertical equations is 0.04 s.

[xxiii] Maximum period for vertical equations is 3 s.

[xxiv] Coefficients given in Boore, Joyner, and Fumal (1994b).

[xxv] Total number, does not need to be multiplied by two.

[xxvi] Total number, does not need to be multiplied by two.

[xxvii] There are 116 records in total.

[xxviii] Free (1996) believes it is largest horizontal component.

[xxix] Total number of components does not need to be multiplied by two

[xxx] State equations should not be used for distances > 100 km

[xxxi] Typographic error in Table 3 of Campbell (1997) does not match number of recordings in Table 4

[xxxii] Typographical error in Figure 3b) of Perea and Sordo (1998) because it does not match their Table 1.
[xxxiii] This is total number of horizontal components used. They come from 47 triaxial records.

[xxxiv] This is total number of components. Does not need to be multiplied by two.

[xxxv] Total number of records. Does not need to be multiplied by two.

[xxxvi] 485 records in total but do not state number of vertical records from W. USA.

[xxxvii] For horizontal corrected records. There are 34 for vertical corrected records.

[xxxviii] Authors do not state reason for different number of records used for different periods.
[xxxix] The caption of their Table 2 states that reported coefficients are for mean.

[xl] The authors also report that they used 139 ‘sets’, which could refer to number of records rather than the 293 ‘component

[xli] Does not need to be multiplied by two.

[xlii] Call it ‘quadratic mean’, which is assumed to be geometric mean.

[xliii] Does not need to be multiplied by two.

[xliv] Also derive model using Mw.

[xlv] Also derive model using repi.

[xlvi] Their Figure 2 present σs up to 2 s but the coefficients of the model are not given beyond 1 s.
[xlvii] Recommend that model is not extrapolated below 5 due to lack of data.

[xlviii] Believe that model can be used to 8.0.

[xlix] Recommend that model is not used for distances ≥ 200 km.

[l] Believe that model can be extrapolated down to 4.0.

[li] Believe that model can be extrapolated up to 8.5 for strike-slip faulting and 8.0 for reverse faulting.

[lii] Recommend that model is not extrapolated below 5 due to lack of data.

[liii] Believe that model can be reliably extrapolated to 8.5.

[liv] Due to filtering number of records and earthquakes depends on period.

[lv] Believe that model can be extrapolated down to 4.0.

[lvi] Believe that model can be extrapolated up to 8.5 for strike-slip faulting and 8.0 for reverse faulting.

[lvii] Believe that model valid to 0 km.

[lviii] Believe that model valid to 200 km.

[lix] For stations on surface.

[lx] For borehole stations.

[lxi] Also develop models for the Zagros region of Iran using 309 records from 190 earthquakes.

[lxii] State that only use data with Ms ≥ 4 but one earthquake in their Appendix A has Ms3.2.
[lxiii] Also derive models for inslab (273 records from 16 earthquakes) and interface (413 records from 40 earthquakes) Mexica

[lxiv] Or 106. Both are given.

[lxv] Do not need to multiply by 2.

[lxvi] State model applicable up to 8.5.

[lxvii] State model applicable up to Mw8.5 for strike-slip and reverse and Mw7 for normal earthquakes.

[lxviii] State model applicable for Mw ≥ 3.3 in California and Mw ≥ 5.5 globally.
[lxix] State model applicable to Mw8.5 for strike-slip, Mw8 for reverse/reverse-oblique and Mw7.5 for normal/normal-oblique

[lxx] State applicable for Mw ≥ 3.5.

[lxxi] State applicable for Mw ≤ 8.5 for strike-slip and Mw ≤ 8 for reverse and normal earthquakes.
[lxxii] State applicable up to 300 km

[lxxiii] Recommends model for Mw ≥ 5.

[lxxiv] Recommends model up to Mw8.

[lxxv] Believe model can be used up to Mw8.

[lxxvi] In text says 27 periods but coefficients only reported for 23.

[lxxvii] Recommend never using model below 4.

[lxxviii] Recommend never using model above 7.

[lxxix] Recommend never using model for rjb < 5.

[lxxx] Recommend never using model for rjb > 200.

[lxxxi] Believe can be used to 5.0.

[lxxxii] Believe can be used to 8.0.

[lxxxiii] Believe can be used for repi ≥ 10 km.

[lxxxiv] Believe can be used for repi ≤ 300 km.

[lxxxv] Also derive models for two other sites (SCT and CDAO) in Mexico City.

[lxxxvi] Recommend model up to Mw8

[lxxxvii] Also use 1921 macroseismic intensities.

[lxxxviii] Macroseismic intensities from 6 events.

[lxxxix] 7.7 by including macroseismic data.

[xc] Believe applicable down to 3.3 for California and down to 5.5 globally.

[xci] Believe valid to 8.5 for strike-slip, 8.0 for reverse and 7.5 for normal.

[xcii] Believe applicable to 300 km.

[xciii] Recommend model up to 200 km

[xciv] Probably D50.

[xcv] Recommend model for use up to 8.0 for strike-slip and reverse and 7.0 for normal earthquakes.

[xcvi] Authors state 28 but coefficients only reported for 23.

[xcvii] Report coefficients for only 37 periods.

[xcviii] State model applicable up to 8.5.

[xcix] Also develop separate models for Zagros and Alborz-central Iran.

[c] Recommend use for Mw ≤ 9 for interface and Mw ≤ 8 for intraslab.

[ci] Believe applicable ≥ 3.6.

[cii] Believe applicable ≤ 7.6.

[ciii] Believe applicable ≥ 6 km.

[civ] Believe applicable ≤ 200 km.

[cv] Could be 1288 records.

[cvi] This is the total in the Electronic Supplement listing all the data used. In the article it is stated that 5607 records from 146

[cvii] Believe model applicable up to 8.0 for crustal and intraslab events and 9.0 for interface events.

[cviii] May be 742 as this is stated in Table 4 of article.

[cix] Call it ‘quadratic mean’, which is assumed to be geometric mean.
M scale rmin rmax r scale S Ts Tmin Tmax C R

mb 6.3 149.8 repi 1 14 0.06 2.47 M 1

U 60* 210* rhypo I U 0.10 5.00 R[i] O

ML 14.0 125.0 rhypo 1 16 0.10 8.00 B U

Mostly 6[ii]* 400[iii]* repi 3 91 0.04 12.00 B O

ML

U 15.0 342.0 rhypo 1 15 0.10 4.00 B U

U[v] 11* 210* rhypo 2 1 1.00 1.00 B U

Mostly 6[vi]* 400[vii]* repi 3 91 0.04 12.00 B O

ML
Mostly 6[viii]* 400[ix]* repi 3 91 0.04 12.00 B O
ML

ML U U rhypo 1 7 0.17 5.00 C U

ML 5 (repi) 190 (repi) rhypo 2 1 1.00 1.00 B 1

U U U repi 3 91 0.04 15.00 U U

U 3* 500* rhypo 2 86 0.02 5.00 U 1

U 6.0 500.0 rhypo 1U 0.02 5.00 U 1

U U U repi C 91 0.04 7.50 U U

U ≥ 10 250* rhypo 1 46 0.04 10.00 U 1

Mw 0.6* 110* rjb 2 12 0.10 4.00 L 2

Mw 0.6* 110* rjb 2 12 0.10 4.00 L, R 2

U 50.0 280.0 rhypo 1U 0.10 5.00 U O

Mw(ML) U U rjb C 12 0.10 4.00 L U

MJMA U U repi 3 10 0.10 3.00 R 1

MJMA 5* 500* repi 3 10 0.10 3.00 - 1

U U U rhypo 3, C 91 0.04 15.00 U U

MJMA 3.0 323.0 repi I 45 0.10 10.00 U 1

Ms U U rrup 1 10 0.05 6.00 B U

ML for
M≲
6.5,
U U repi 3 91 0.04 15.00 B U
others
for M >
6.5

Mw U U rrup 2 7 0.10 4.00 B U

U U U U 1U 0.04* 4* U 1

Mw, Ms
rE, rhypo
& MJMA
42.0 407.0 for M < 1 10 0.10 4.00 B 1
for <
7.5
7.5

U 8.0 200.0 rhypo 1 26 0.02 5.00 L 1

Ms 10* ≥ 150 rhypo 3 20 0.03 1.00 A

206 0.1
MJMA 59 (60) rhypo 1U 10 (5) U U
(100) (0.05)
 r ,r
Mw (Ms, U (15*, U (450*, rup hypo
for Mw 1 15 0.07 4.00 G 1W
mb) 20*) 450*)
≲ 7.5

MJMA 3.0 350.0 repi I U 0.05* 10* U 1

rjb (repi for

0.6 211.0 2 20 0 2.00 C 2A
some)

U U U repi C 12 0.04 14.00 B U

1215
Mw 8 (8) rhypo 1 4 0.10 1.00 B 2
(23)

ML for
M < 6,
U U rseis 1 15 0.04 4.00 U U
Ms for
M≥6

Ms (ML,
6.0 1300.0 rhypo 1 89 0.03 4.00 L 2
mb, MCL
MJMA U U repi 3 13 2.00 20.00 L 1, O

Mw 3* 150* rrup 1 14 0.07 1.00 U M

rE, rhypo
Mw (Ms,
>8 >469 for M < 1 10 0.10 4.00 B 1
MJMA)
7.5

Ms 1200*
20* (9.7) rhypo 1 4[xv] 0.10 1.00 L O
(ML,MCL) (1300)

ML for
rrup, rhypo
M < 6,
1.0 100.0 for M < 1 23 0.03 5.00 U U
Ms for
6
M≥6

ML 5.0 178.3 rhypo 1 11 0.04 10.00 L U

U U U U 3 16 0.04 4.00 B U

rhypo, 1
U 6.0 186.0 eq. with 1 81 0.01 1.95 B U
rrup

ML 10* 500* rhypo 1 23 0.05 5.00 B 1

ML 10* 500* rhypo 1 23 0.05 5.00 B 1

ML (MD)
for ML < 3.1[xviii]
119.7 rhypo 1 23 0.03 10.00 M 2W
6.6, else
Ms

ML 3.4* 142* rhypo 3 15 0.04 10.00 L 1

Mw 3* 100* rseis 2 10 1.00 20.00 G 1M

rjb for
ML ≥
ML 3.2 170.0 5.7, repi 1 12 0.04 2.75 L 2
otherwis
e

Mw 0.6* 100* rrup 2 10 1.00 20.00 G 1M

Mw 0.0 109.0 rjb 3 46 0.10 2.00 L, G 2M

Ms if ML
& Ms ≥
10.0 63.0 rhypo 2 25 0.05 1.98 U 2, 1W
6.0 else
ML
ML for
M < 6.0
and Ms U U[xx] rseis 2 15 0.04 4.00 M O
otherwis
e

rrup for
some,
Mw 0.1 (3) 305 (172)[xxi]
rhypo for 2 21 0.05[xxii] 7.5[xxiii] G U
small
ones

rhypo (rrup
Mw, mLg 5* 1000* for 3 10 0.03 1.00 G 1M
largest)

ML for
M < 6, 2* 150* repi C U 0.04 10.00 R 1
else Ms

Mw 0.0 109.0 rjb C 46 0.10 2.00 L, G 1M, 2M

U U U U U U 0.05* ≥2 U U
MJMA 60* 400* rhypo I U 0.05 2.00 B 1,2

Mw U 100.0 rjb 3 38 0.10 4.00 U 1M

U 4.0 250.0 repi 6 12 0.04 2.00 U 2R

Often
r ,r
ML 3.0 136.0 rup hypo 1 96 0.01 5.00 B 1
in far
field

rrup, rE if
more
appropri
ML 1.0 250.0 1 96 0.01 5.00 B 1
ate, rhypo
in far
field

70* >477.4
ML rhypo 1 4 0.10 1.00 U[xxviii] O
(>1.3) (200*)
Ms , Mw, 128
1 (48) repi 2 73 0.05 5.00 B O
MJMA (236)

Mw (Ms,
6* 490* rhypo 2 8 0.03 4.00 L 1B
mb, MD)

Usually
ML for
M ≤ 6.5
2.0 200+ rhypo 9, 3 × C 91 0.04 15.00 U 1
and Ms
for M >
6.5

rjb for M
Ms > 6.0,
(unspeci 0.0 260.0 repi 3 46 0.10 2.00 L 2
fied) otherwis
e

rjb for M
Ms > 6.0,
(unspeci 0.0 260.0 repi 3 46 0.10 2.00 L 2
fied) otherwis
e

Ms 62.0 260.0 rhypo 1 10 0.10 2.00 L U

Ms 0.1 211.0 rrup 4 14 0.04 14.00 G 1W

 rjb for
some,
Mw 0.0 820.0 2 52 0.04 2.00 L 1
repi for
most

rrup for 2
earthqu
akes,
MJMA 8* 1000* I 12 0.10 4.00 L O
rhypo
otherwis
e

rq for M
> 5.3,
Mw (ML) 7.2 99.6 rhypo 2U 0.02 2.00 B 2M
otherwis
e

Ms if ML
& Ms ≥ Both rjb
1.5, 1.5 179, 180[xxx] 3 14 0.04 4.00 L 1
5.5 else & repi
ML

Mw 0.0 102.1 rjb 2 46 0.10 2.00 G, C 2M

U 0.1 220* rrup 2 28 0.01 5.00 G 1M

 rc for
some,
Mw 20* 580* rhypo for 2 12 0.10 2.00 B 2
small
ones

Ms for
Ms ≥ 6,
3.0 50.0 rseis 3 13 0.05 4.00 G IW
ML for
Ms < 6

Mw (Ms,
6.1 182.1 rhypo 3 7 0.03 4.00 L, B O
mb, MD)

rrup, rhypo
Mw
8.5 550.9 for 2 11 0.08 3.00 G 1M
(Ms,mb)
some

rjb for
most, repi
Ms 3.0 260.0 3 66 0.04 3.00 L 2
otherwis
e

mb for
M < 6,
Ms 274.0 663.0 repi 1 195 0.01 3.50 L 1
otherwis
e

Mw U U rrup I 2 1.00 3.00 S U

MJMA U U rrup U 35 0.04 10.00 L O

Mw 0.1 189.4 rjb 3 24 0.10 2.00 G 2M

Mw 0.0 99.4 rjb 2 46 0.10 2.00 G 1M

Ms 0.0 15.0 rjb 3 46 0.10 2.00 L 1

Mw U ≤ 60 rseis 4U 0.05 4.00 G U

Mw ≥ 1* ≤ 60* rseis 4 14 0.05 4.00 G 1

Mw 0* 120.0 rjb 3 25 0.10 3.00 G 2M

Mw 0.0 148.9 rjb C (6) 3 0.30 3.00 G 1M

MJMA 27.0 202.0 rq I, C U 0.02 5.00 U O

Mw 0.9* 400* U 4 17 0.10 5.00 B 1M

(rrup for
some, rc
Mw -0.1 -573.0 4U 0.01* 4* U O
for
most)

Ms if ML
& Ms >
6, ML 11.0 350.0 rhypo 2 200 0.10 6.00 U 1W
otherwis
e

Mw or Ms U U repi 3 2 0.20 1.00 B 1

MJMA 7* 950* rrup I 35 0.04 10.00 L O

Ms 4.0 230.0 rhypo 1 22 0.05 1.00 L 2

rrup, rhypo
300*
Mw 1* (0.1*) for 4 20 0.05 5.00 G O
(100*)
some

MJMA 4* 600* rhypo 4 63 0.02 10.00 B 2

Ms 53.51* 153.91* rhypo 1 20 0.04 1.00 V 2

Mw 1.2 150.0 rjb, repi 3 46 0.10 2.00 L, R 1

Mw (mb
for Ms <
rjb, repi
5 and
0.1* 180* for M < 2 13 0.05 4.00 L O
Ms
5.9
otherwis
e)

Ms and 110 and rjb and

0 and 0 2 14 0.04 4.00 B 1
ML 150 repi

ML 0* 250* repi 3 11 0.01 2.00 U 1

ML 2* 100* repi 2 14 0.04 4.00 L 2

Ms 49.7 322.4 rhypo 1 84 0.05 3.00 U U

Mw 11* 550* rrup 4 7 0.04 3.00 C 1M

Ms (Mw
for W. 4.0 330.0 rhypo 2 143 0.03 10.00 B 2
USA)
 rjb for
Ms Ms >
(unspeci 0.0 260.0 6.0, repi 3 46 0.10 2.00 L 1M
fied) otherwis
e

Mw 2* 60* rseis 4 14 0.05 4.00 G 1

rhypo (rrup
for 2
Mw (Ms) 0.5 235.0 2 11 0.03 2.00 B 2
earthqu
akes)

Mw
rjb, repi
(unspeci
1.2 250.0 for small 3 46 0.10 2.00 - 1
fied
events
scales)

Mw
rjb, repi
(unspeci
1.2 250.0 for small 3 46 0.10 2.00 L[xxxix] 1
fied
events
scales)

MJMA 0* 195* rrup & rq 1U 0.02* 4* M 1M

Mw (ML) 5* 300* rjb 3 31 0.10 4.00 G 1M

Mw (ML) 5* 300* rjb 3 31 0.10 4.00 G 1M

Mw 0.0 99.4 rjb 2 46 0.10 2.00 G, O 1M

MJMA >3 >264 rhypo 1 19 0.05 3.00 L 2M

rrup for
some,
Mw 0.3* 300.0 4 21 0.02 5.00 G 1M
rhypo for
rest

Mw 20* 80* rjb 1 14 0.10 5.00 G 1M

Ms 1.5* 575* repi 1U 0.04 20.00 B O

200*
U 2* repi 1 30 0.04 6.00 B O
(600*)

rjb (repi
Mw 0.0 99.0 for small 3 61 0.05 2.50 L 1M
events)
 rjb (repi
Mw 0.0 99.0 for small 3 61 0.05 2.50 - 1M
events)

ML 0.0 130.0 rjb & repi 1 47 0.05 2.00 R O

rrup for
Mw >
Mw 4* 400* 6.5, rhypo 1 15 0.04 5.00 G[xlii] 1M
otherwis
e

Mw (MCL) 0.5* 10* rhypo 2 5 0.10 2.00 L 2M

rhypo (rrup
Mw
5.5 303.0 for 10 5U 0.01 4.00 B 2
(MJMA)
events)
Mw 0* 300* rrup 5 20 0.05 5.00 G 1M

Mw U U rjb 1 3 0.30 3.00 L U

repi (rjb
Mw 5* 350* for 3 0 3.00 I, C B 1
some)

1, 2, A,
B, C,
Mw 6* 200* rhypo U 77 0.01 5.00 D50, G, 1M
I50, L,
N, P, R

repi &
ML 1* 100* 4 14 0.04 4.00 L 1M
rhypo

Mw 0.0 200.0 rrup C U U 10.00 G 2M

ML 13.7 134.8 rhypo 5 143 0.03 10.00 B 1

Mw 285.0 530.0 rrup 1 30 0.20 6.00 U 1B

450* rrup (rhypo

Mw 1* (1.5*)
(350*) & for C 37 0.05 5.00 R 2M
(MJMA) & 30*
450* some)

Mw 1* 200* U 1 18 0.10 5.00 U U

Mw 6.0 400.0 rc (rrup) 3 11 0.08 3.00 L, G 1M

rhypo (rrup
(Mw) 5* 250* for 5U 0.01 3.00 B 2M
some)

Mw 1.0 300.0 rrup 5U 0.02 5.00 M 1M

Mw (mb) 10.0 200.0 rhypo 2 13 0.04 2.50 G 1W

rjb for M
Ms > 6.0,
(unspeci 0.0 260.0 repi 3 52 0.10 4.00 L 2
fied) otherwis
e
ML 6.0 542.0 repi 1 5 0.10 2.00 U 1

Mw U U rrup 1U 0.02 5.00 G 2M

1M &
Mw 4.0 167.0 rhypo 4 21 0.10 4.00 U
2M

Mw 0.0 99.0 rjb 3 80 0.05 4.00 G 1WM

ML[xliv] 5* 200* rhypo[xlv] 2 8 0.10 1[xlvi] L 1M

rjb (repi
Mw 0.0 99.0 for small 3 10 0.05 0.50 G 1WM
events)

Mw 0.0 280[xlix] rjb C 21 0.01 10.00 I50 2M

Mw 0.1 199.3 rrup C 21 0.01 10.00 I50 1M

Mw 0* 136.0 repi 3 31 0.10 4.00 A 1M

rhypo (rrup
for 2
Mw (Ms) 0.5 235.0 5U 0.03 3.00 B 2M
earthqu
akes)
Mw 0.2* 100* rjb C 27 0.10 3.00 G, Q, R 1M

ML 0* 300* rhypo 2 8 0.10 1.50 L 1

H:10, H:0.99,
ML 5* 175.0 rhypo 1 0.07 G 2M
V:9 V:0.80

Mw 0.06* 200* rrup C 22 0.01 10.00 I50 1M

Mw 0.0 60.0 rrup C 26 0.03 10.00 G 1M

Mw 6* 150* rhypo 4&C 400 0.05 20.00 G 2M

Mw 0* 200* U 1U 0.04 10.00 B 1

Mw 0* 200* U 1U 0.04 10.00 B 1

Mw 0* 200* U 1U 0.04 10.00 B 1

Mw 0.2*[lvii] 70*[lviii] rrup C 22 0.01 10.00 I50 1M

rrup (rhypo
Mw
1.0 100.0 for 4[lix] & 2[lx] 23 0.01 3.33 G 2M
(MJMA)
small)

Mw 70* 300* rhypo 1 16 0.10 5.00 V 2

Mw 0.1* 400* rjb 3U 0* 2.5* U 1M

Mw 0.3 199.3 rrup 2 31 0.01 10.00 I50 1

0.1* 600*
(crustal), (crustal),
Mw 10* 900* U 1 19 2.00 20.00 U U
(subducti (subducti
on) on)

Mw (ML) 15.0 630.0 rhypo 2 27 0.01 5.00 G 1W

Mw (ML)
1* 100* repi 3 12 & 14 0.04 2 & 4 L 1M
& ML

ML 12* 60* rhypo 2 12 0.04 2.00 L 1M

ML 12* 60* rhypo 2 12 0.04 2.00 L 1M

MJMA, Mw U U rq 1 45 1.00 10.00 U 2

rrup (rhypo
Mw 0.5 100.0 for small 2 17 0.05 3.00 I50 1M
events)

Mw 0.0 60.0 rrup C 26 0.03 10.00 G 1M

Mw (Md,
15.0 200.0 rhypo 2 30 0.05 2.00 L 2M
ML)

Mw 0.0 190.0 rjb 3 18 0.03 2.00 L, G 1M

Mw (ML) 0.0 183.0 rjb, repi 3 19 0.03 3.00 L 1M

ML 6.0 100.0 repi I, 3, 1, C 3 0.30 3.00 U 1

rrup (rhypo
for
Mw 1.5* 300* C U 0.10 5.00 G 2M
some
M < 6.5)

rrup (rhypo
Mw U U for 1 27 0.10 3.00 G, R, Q 1M
small)
 1M, 2M,
Mw 0.2* 100* rjb C 27 0.10 3.00 G, R
O

Mw 0.1* 200* rjb C 39 0.01 3.00 G 1M (O)

Mw 0.2* 70* rrup C 5 0.10 7.50 I50 1M

rjb (repi
Mw 1.0 97.0 for 2 66 0.04 2.50 L 1
some)

190* &
Mw 5* & 10* rjb 1 13 0.04 2.50 G O
200*

Mw 0.0 99.0 rjb 3 60 0.05 3.00 G 1M

Mw 0* 200* rjb C 14 0.03 2.00 G 1M

Ms (mb) 5* 400* rhypo 2 15 0.10 4.00 L 1M

rrup (rhypo
Mw 20.0 400.0 for Mw 1 56 0.04 5.00 U O
< 6)
Mw 1* 100* rjb, repi 3 21 0.03 2.00 L 1M

Mw 0.1 199.3 rrup C 21 0.01 10.00 G 1M

Mw (ML) 0* 50* rrup 3 16 0.04* 10.00 G 1M

rjb (repi
Mw 0.0 99.0 for small 3 61 0.05 2.50 L 1WM
events)

rrup (rhypo
Mw 0.2* 200* for 4&C 22 0.05 20.00 G 1M
small)

Mw 0.2* 100* rjb C 6 0.20 3.00 1, 2 1M

Mw 0.1 199.3 rrup C 21 0.01 10.00 I50 O

rrup (rhypo
Mw
1.0 100.0 for C, I 21 0.04 1.36 G O (1M)
(MJMA)
small)
 rjb (repi
Mw 1* 80* for Mw 2 4 0.20 2.00 G 1M
< 6)

rrup (rhypo
Mw
1.0 100.0 for C 7 0.01 1.36 G 2M
(MJMA)
small)

Mw 0* 340* repi 2 8 0.10 3.00 U O

rrup (rhypo
Mw 5* 200* for Mw 2 19 0.05 5.00 U 2M
< 6.5)

Mw 10* 390* rrup 1 5 0.10 3.00 M, V, V3 O

Mw U U rrup 1 1 3.00 3.00 I50 1M

Mw 0* 200* rjb 5 20 0.04 2.00 G, V 1M

Mw 0.1* 400* rjb 3U 0.06* 3* U 1M

Mw 0* 150* rrup (rhypo) C, 4 10 1.00 10.00 B 1M

Mw 0* 300* rhypo 2 6 0.05 1.00 G 1

Mw 0* 340* rrup C 5 0.10 2.00 G 1M, O

Mw (ML) 1.0 240.0 rrup (rhypo) 2 15 0.01 5.00 G 1

rhypo (rrup
ML 0* 170* for 1U 0.01 10.00 G 1
some)

rrup, rhypo
Mw 30* 600* for 4 2 23 0.04 2.00 G 1M
events

Ms 0* 110* repi 2 5 0.04 6.00 G 1, 1W

Mw 2* 200* rhypo 7 58 0.03 2.01 G 1M

Mw 1* 200* rjb 1 14 0.10 5.00 G 2M

140*
Ms 6* (10*) rhypo 2U 0.01 3* B 2
(150*)

rrup (rhypo
Mw 4.0 190* for Mw 3 20 0.05 5.00 U 2M
< 6.5)

rrup +
Mw 0.0 300.0 others C 22 0.01 10.00 D50 1M
for HW

Mw 0.0 400.0 rjb C 105 0.01 10.00 D50 2M

Mw 0* 300* rrup C 21 0.01 10.00 D50 1M

Mw 0.3* 400*[lxxii] rrup C 24 0.01 10.00 D50 1M

Mw (ML,
0* 20* rhypo 1 104 0.01 0.50 G 1M
MD)

Mw 0.2 175.0 rrup C 22 0.01 10.00 D50 1

 rrup (rhypo
Mw 3* 300* for C 23 0.02 1.36 G 1M
small)

Mw 1* 200.0 rrup C 47 0.05 10.00 V 2W

A (N, S,
0.0 3.0 - 1M
R, HW)

Mw (mb) 1* 150* repi 3 41 0.05 2.00 I50 O

Mw (MD) 0.5 20.0 rhypo 3 3 0.20 1.00 L 1M

Mw (mb,
65* 850* rhypo 3 9 0.01 4.00 D50 1M
ML)

Mw 0.0 200.0 rjb C 62 0.01 4.00 G 1M

U 2* 2000* rhypo 2 3 0.30 2.00 U 1

 rjb (repi
for Mw
Mw 0.0 300.0 ≤ 5 and C, 4 23[lxxvi] 0.02 3.00 G 1M
repi ≥ 10)
& rhypo

Mw 1[lxxix] 547[lxxx] rjb C 62 0.01 4.00 G O

Mw 30* 1000* rrup C 23 0.07 9.09 G O

ML 0.0 150.0 repi 1 12 0.03 1.00 G 1M

rjb (repi
Mw (ML) 0* 200* for M < 5 23 0.04 4.00 G 1M
5.5)

r (r
50* (F), 580* (F), rup hypo
Mw for Mw 1 15 0.04 5.00 G 1M
70* (B) 540* (B)
< 6.5)

Mw U U rrup C U 0.01 2.00 G 1M, O

Mw 105[lxxxiii] 650*[lxxxiv]rhypo 1 19 0.10 4.00 G 1M

Mw 2* 40.0 rhypo 1 10 0.03 5.00 G 1M

rrup (rhypo
Mw 0* 150* for Mw C 208 0.02 10.00 G 2M
≤ 5.7)

ML 1.4 600* repi I 13 0.06 5.00 L 1M

Mw 40* 300* rrup 2 9 0.03 3.00 G 1M

rrup for
Mw >
Mw 103.0 464.0 6.5, rhypo 1 25 0.20 5.00 G 1B
for Mw
≤ 6.5

Mw 0.0 200.0 rjb C 62 0.01 4.00 G 1MW

Mw 0.0 200.0 rjb C 8 0.01 4.00 G O

Mw 1* 2000* rrup C 21 0.10 10.00 D50 2M

Mw 2 (repi) 399 (repi) rhypo 3 19 0.10 4.00 G 1M

U U U U U U U U U 1

rrup if
availabl
Mw 0* 300* e, rhypo 4 + C 24 0.05* 5* G 1M
otherwis
e

rrup (rhypo)
for F,
Mw 12* 300* C 22 0.02 10.00 G 1M
rhypo for
B
Mw 0.5* 19.5* repi 1 5 0.01 2.00 G 1M

Mw 0* 500*[xcii] rrup C 21 0.01 10.00 - 1M

rjb (repi
Mw 0* 300*[xciii] for C 17 0.01 4.00 G O
some
Mw ≤ 5)

Mw 1* 300* rjb C 7 0.02 4.00 U[xciv] O

Mw 0* 200* rjb 5 24 0.04 4.00 G 1M

1, 1W,
1M, 2,
Mw 1* 100* rjb 4 2 0.20 1.00 G
2M, 2O
and O

Mw 120* 1400* rhypo 4 19 0.10 5.00 G 1

Mw 0.0 300.0 rjb C 105 0.01 10.00 - 2M

rhypo, rrup
Mw (ML) 0.3 291.6 for Chi- C 3 0.30 3.00 U 1M, O
Chi
ML 0.5 100.0 repi 3 23[xcvi] 0.10 10.00 G 1

Mw 20* 300* rhypo C 105 0.01 10.00 G 1

rrup, rhypo
Mw 25* 300* 4 36 0.01 5.00 G 1M
for most

rrup, rhypo
Mw 20* 300* 4 36 0.01 5.00 G 1M
for most

rrup, rhypo
Mw 0* 280* 4 36 0.01 5.00 G 1M
for most

Mw 0* 200* repi, rjb 4 26 0.01 3.00 G 1M

Mw 4* 300* rhypo, rjb C 89 0.02 4.00 G 1M

Mw 0.0 200.0 rjb C 18 0.01 4.00 V 1M

Mw 3.7 440.6 rjb C×C 18 0.01 4.00 G O

rrup for
Mw >
Mw 17.0 400.0 6.5, rhypo 1 70[xcvii] 0.01 5.00 V 1M
otherwis
e
 Mw >
Mw 17.0 400.0 6.5, rhypo 1 70[xcvii] 0.01 5.00 V 1M
otherwis
e

rrup +
Mw 0.0 300.0 others C 21 0.02 10.00 V 1M
for HW

Mw (mb,
1* 280* repi 3 16 0.06 4.00 L 1M
Ms, ML)

rhypo (rrup
386 for
61 for B, for F
Mw B, 391 C 21 0.01 10.00 U 2M
31 for F and Mw
for F
≥ 7.7)

1000* for rrup for F,

25* for F,
Mw (ML) F, 500* rhypo for C 22 0.02 10.00 G 1M
60* for B
for B B

ML 0.5 100.0 rhypo 3 11 0.10 10.00 G 1

Mw 1* 250* rjb C 13 0.05 4.00 1M G

rjb, repi
Mw 0* 190* for 3 14 0.05 2.50 L O
some

rjb, repi
Mw (U) 5.3 303.1 for 4, C 30 0.01 4.00 G 1M
some
ML 3.0 100* rhypo 1 11 0.10 3.00 B 1W

Mw 0.01[ciii] 358[civ] rjb C 17 0.01 4.00 G O

rjb (repi
Mw (ML) 2* 200* for 4 3 0.30 3.00 G 1M
most)

Mw 0* 200* rjb 5, 6 20 0.04 2.00 G 1M

U 5* 340* rhypo 3×3 13 0.04 3.00 B, V O

ML 5.0 220.0 rrup 1, 2, C, I U 0.01 2.00 D50 1M

Mw 0.0 543.0 rJB I, 8 33 0.01 2.00 G O

Mw (Ms) 6* 230* rhypo 3 58 0.02 4.00 B 2

Mw 4* 290* rrup C 20 0.03 2.00 G 1M

ML 2.3, 1.6 19, 42 rhypo 1 5 0.10 1.00 G 1M

Mw (MD) 0.1 73.0 rhypo I 5 0.05 1.00 L 1M

120* + 1300* +
Mw rhypo 4 19 0.10 5.00 G 1
500* 1000*

Ms 2.0 200.0 rjb C 16 0.04 2.00 D50 1M

Mw (ML) 0.6* 200* rjb (repi) 4 24 0.04 4.00 G 1M

Mw (ML) 1.5* 300* rhypo I U 0.01 10.00 D50 1M

Mw (Ms, repi, rhypo,

1* 200* 3 60 0.01 10.00 G 2M
mb) rjb & rrup

Mw 1.5* 350* rrup C 18 0.04 4.00 G 1M

Mw 1* 250* rjb (repi) 3 29 0.01 4.00 D50 O

 rjb (repi
for M <
Mw 0* 200* 5.5), rrup C 36 0.01 10.00 D50 1M
(rhypo for
M < 5.5)

Mw (Ms) 5.0 150.0 rhypo 3 58 0.02 4.00 - 2

rrup (rhypo
Mw (ML) 0.6 200.0 for Mw C, I 3 0.30 3.00 G 1M
< 4.8)

Mw (Ms, repi, rhypo,

1* 200* 3 60 0.01 10.00 - 2M
mb) rjb & rrup

Mw 0.1 437.1 rrup C 19 0.01 5.00 D50 O

Mw (ML) 1.5* 7* rhypo 1 3 0.05 0.20 G O

Mw 5* 300* rhypo I, 4 20 0.05 5.00 D50 1M

 rrup for
Mw >
Mw 22.0 400.0 6.5, rhypo 1 18 0.01 5.00 G[cix] 1M
otherwis
e

Mw 0.0 545.0 rjb (repi) I 34 0.01 8.00 D50 O

Mw 0* 80* rjb 2 40 0.05 3.00 D50 O

300* &
Mw 1* & 2.5 rjb & rhypo C & 1 1 0.20 0.20 D50 1M, O
300

Mw (ML) 2* 200* rhypo 3 30 0.03 5.00 G 1M

Mw 0* 200* rrup C 21 0.01 10.00 D50 1M

280 +
Mw (ML) 1 + 26 rrup C 20 0.01 5.00 D50 O
345

Mw (ML) 0.1* 200* rrup C 24 0.01 10.00 D50 O

ML 0.5 100.0 rhypo 3 21 0.05 4.00 G 1M

Mw 0.1* 300* rjb C 105 0.01 10.00 D50 O

Mw 1* 200* rjb 4 36 0.04 4.00 G O

rrup, rhypo
for
Mw (ML) 3.6 300.0 1 27 0.01 5.00 D50 1M
some
events
M

A
A

A
A

A
A

A (S, R)

A
A (B,F)

A
A

T (S,O)

A
A

A (S,R)

A (S, R)

A
A (T,S)

A(R,S)

A (R,S)[xxiv]

A
A

A
A

R,S
(R,S)
A

NS

A
(S,O,T)
A

A
(S,R,N)

NT
(N,T)

A
A

NS

A
(R,S,T)

A
(S,R,T)

A
A (R, S,
O)

A (N, R,
RO)

A (N)

A
A

N, O

F, B

A
A (S, R,
N)

A (S &
N, R, T)

A (B, C,
F)

NS
NS

NS

A (B, F,
R, S)

A (N, T,
S, O)
A (N, T,
S, O)

A
C (R,
S/N) &
F, B

A (U)

NS

A
F

C (R,
OR, S &
N) & F,
B

A
A

A (C/F,
B)

A (N, S,
R)

A (N, S,
R)

A (N, R,
S, U)
A (N, R,
S, HW)

A (N,
ST)

A
A

A (N, R,
S, HW)

A (N, R,
S)

A (N, S,
R)

A
A

A (N, R,
S, HW,
AS)

B, F

A (S, N,
R/RO)

A
(R/RO/N
O, S/N)

C, BF

A (B, F)

A
A

A (N, R,
S)

A (N, S,
R)

A (C/F,
B)

F, S
A

A (N, R,
S)

A (N, R,
S, HW,
AS)

SO

A (S, R)

A (N, S,
R)

A (N, S,
R)

F
A

A (N, R,
S, HW)

A (N, T,
S, O,
AS)

A (N, R,
S)

A (N, R,
S, HW)

A
S

A
(R/RO/N
O, S/N)

A (S, R,
N, U)
A

A (HW)

A
A

A (S, N,
R, HW,
AS)

A (S, N,
R, U)

A (S, R,
N, HW)

A (S, R,
N, HW)

A
A

A (C, B,
F)

A (S, R,
N)

F, B

A (S, N,
R)

A
A (S, N,
R)

F, B

A (S, N,
R, AS)
B

A (S, N,
R)

B, F

A (S, N,
R)

A (R, N,
S)
A (R, S,
U)

A (B, F,
R, N, S)

B, F
E

A (R, S,
N)

A (S, N,
R)

A (R, N,
U)

A (R, S,
N, U)

A (S, N,
R)
V

C (N),
UM (R,
NS)

A (N, R,
S)

A (S, N,
R)

F
F

A (S, N,
R, HW,
AS)

B,F

F, B

A (S, R,
N)

A (S, R,
U)
A

A (S, R,
N, U)

A
W

A (R, S,
U)

A (S, R,
U)

A (R, S,
N)

A (R, S,
N)
A (N, R,
S)

A (S, N,
R)

A (S, R,
U)

A (N, S,
R, F, B,
AS)

E+M

A (C, F,
B)
B

A (B, F)

A (N, S,
R, HW)
V

A (S, R,
N)

A (N, T,
U)

A
Reference Area H V E Mmin Mmax

Esteva and
Rosenblueth W. USA 46* - U U U
(1964)

Orphal and
California 140 - 31 4.10 7.00
Lahoud (1974)

Nazarov and Kazakhstan &

U - U U U
Shebalin (1975) Kirgizstan

Trifunac and
Brady
(1975a),Trifunac
W. USA 181 181 57 3.80 7.70
(1976a) &
Trifunac and
Brady (1976)

Trifunac and
W. USA 188 188 48 3.80 7.70
Brady (1975b)

Trifunac (1976b) W. USA 182 182 46 3.80 7.70

Gürpinar (1977) California 64, 34, 13 - U U U

McGuire (1977) W. USA 34 - 22 5.30 7.60

Sakhalin
Oskorbin (1977) U - U U U
(Russia)
Dobry, Idriss,
W. USA 84 - 14 4.70 7.60
and Ng (1978)

R. K. McGuire
W. USA 70 - 17+* 4.5* 7.70
(1978b)

R. K. McGuire
W. USA 70 - 17+* 4.5* 7.70
(1978a)

K. Sadigh,
Power, and W. USA U - U U U
Youngs (1978)

Trifunac and Lee

W. N. America U U U U U
(1978)

McGuire and
W. USA 50 - U U U
Barnhard (1979)

Cornell, Banon,
and Shakal W. USA 70 - U U U
(1979)

Båth (1980) Sweden U - U U U

Goto, Kameda,
and Sugito Japan 84 - 28 4.3* 7.8*
(1981)

Joyner and
W. N. America 182 - 23 5.00 7.70
Boore (1981)
Campbell (1984) & K.W. Campbell (1988)[vii]
Worldwide U - U ≥5 U

Joyner and
Fumal (1984)
W. N. America 182 - 23 5.00 7.70
and Joyner and
Fumal (1985)

Kamiyama
Japan 192 - U 4.10 7.90
(1984)

Kawashima,
Aizawa, and
Takahashi
(1984) &
Japan 197 - 90 5.00 7.90
Kawashima,
Aizawa, and
Takahashi
(1986)

Erdik et al.
Turkey U - 114 5.10 7.75
(1985)

Trifunac and Lee

W. N. America 438 438 104 U U
(1985a)

Wilson and
W. USA 30 - 20 5.00 7.40
Keefer (1985)
Woo (1985) UK U - U U U

Jibson (1987) W. USA 31 - 21 5.00 7.40

S.W. W.
Gaull (1988) 25+ - 12+ 2.60 6.90
Australia

Hiehata,
Takemura, and 3 sites in Tokyo 85 - 27* 4.2* 7.5*
Ohta (1988)

W. USA & S.
Huo (1989) U - U U U
China

California + 7
Sewell (1989) 112 - 24 5.00 7.70
other events

Campbell (1990) Unknown U - U U U

Gaull, Michael-
Leiba, and Rynn SE Australia U - U U U
(1990)

Niazi and
array, Taiwan 236 234 12 3.60 7.80
Bozorgnia (1991)

Dowrick (1992) New Zealand U - 30 5.00 7.80

Kamiyama,
O’Rourke, and
Flores-Berrones
Japan 357 - 82 4.10 7.90
(1992) &
Kamiyama
(1995)

Theodulidis and
Greece+16 105+16[x]
Papazachos - 36+4 4.5 (7.2) 7.0 (7.5)
foreign
(1992)

Midorikawa
Japan U - U 6.50 7.80
(1993a)

Benouar (1994) Atlas Mountains 123 - 32 4.20 7.45

V. W. Lee,
Trifunac,
W. N. America 1926 1926 297 1.70 7.70
Todorovska, et
al. (1995)

Molas and
Japan 2166 - 387 4.1* 7.8*
Yamazaki (1995)

Abrahamson and California with

U U U 4.70 7.40
Silva (1996) some others
(N. N.
Ambraseys and Worldwide
90–113 90–113 U–34 6.00 7.60
Simpson 1996) & shallow crustal
(Simpson 1996)

Musson and
UK U - U U U
Winter (1996)

Sabetta and
Italy 95 95 17 4.60 6.80
Pugliese (1996)

Singh, Aman,
and Prasad Himalayas 86 - 5 5.70 7.20
(1996)

E China, W
-1996 U, U - U, U U, U U, U
China

G. M. Atkinson
California 1000 - 43 4.40 7.40
and Silva (1997)

Bakun and
Wentworth Cen. California 4344 - 22 4.40 6.90
(1997, 1999)
Campbell (1997),
Campbell (2000),
H:8.0,
Campbell (2001) Worldwide 645 225 H:47, V:26 4.70
V:8.1
& Campbell and
Bozorgnia (1994)

Gregor and Bolt

California 110 110 12 5.40 7.20
(1997)

Kayen and
W. USA 66 - U U U
Mitchell (1997)

Shabestari and
Japan 2166 - 387 4.1* 7.80
Yamazaki (1997)

Rathje,
Abrahamson, California 306 - 20 5.70 7.30
and Bray (1998)

Rinaldis et al.
Italy & Greece 137* - 24* 4.50 7.00
(1998)

Sadigh and Egan California with 4

960+4 - 119+2 3.80 7.40
(1998) foreign
Sarma and 690[xiii]
Worldwide - 113 3.90 7.70
Srbulov (1998)

15 mainly W.
Somerville
USA+12 27 - 13 6.20 7.50
(1998)
simulated

Theodulidis et al. Kozani-Grevena 232[xiv]

- >23 3.10 6.60
(1998) (Greece)

Chapman (1999) W. N. America 304 - 23 5.00 7.70

Dowrick and
New Zealand U - 85 5.00 8.20
Rhoades (1999)

Jiménez, Garcı́a-
Fernández, and
the GSHAP
Portugal U - U U U
Ibero-Maghreb
Working Group
(1999)

Ólafsson and
Sigbjörnsson Iceland 88[xv] - 17 4.00 5.90
(1999)
Alavi and 15 mainly W
Krawinkler USA+12 27 - 13 6.20 7.50
(2000) simulated

Bommer,
Europe & Middle
Elnashai, and 183 - 43 5.50 7.90
East
Weir (2000)

(N. Ambraseys
and Douglas
2000), Douglas
Worldwide 186 183 44 5.83 7.80
(2001b) &
Ambraseys and
Douglas (2003)

Hernandez and
Italy & California 272[xvi] - 40* 3.20 7.40
Cotton (2000)

Musson (2000) Turkey U - U U U

Paciello,
Rinaldis, and Greece & Italy 115 - 18 4.50 U
Romeo (2000)
Si and
Midorikawa Japan 856 - 21 5.80 8.30
(1999, 2000)

Hinzen and
N Rhine area 4375 - 14 2.90 5.90
Oemisch (2001)

Wu, Shin, and

Taiwan 1941 - 60 4.80 7.60
Chang (2001)

Chandler and
S China 264 - 76 3.30 8.00
Lam (2002)

Shallow crustal
N. Gregor, Silva,
worldwide
and Darragh 993 993 68 4.40 7.40
(mainly
(2002)
California)

Margaris et al.
(2002a) &
Greece 744 - 142 4.50 7.00
Margaris et al.
(2002b)

Tromans and
Europe 249 - 51 5.50 7.90
Bommer (2002)

Zonno and
Umbria-Marche 161 - 15 4.50 5.90
Montaldo (2002)
Bakun, Johnston,
and Hopper E N America 14198 - 28 3.70 7.30
(2003)

Boatwright et al.
N California 4028 - 104 3.30 7.10
(2003)

Skarlatoudis et
Greece 1000 - 225 4.50 7.00
al. (2003)

Travasarou,
Bray, and
Mainly W USA 1208 - 75 4.70 7.60
Abrahamson
(2003)

Zaré and
Iran 470 - U 3.00 7.40
Memarian (2003)

SE Canada &
Atkinson (2004) U 1700 186 2.1* 5.1*
NE USA

Bozorgnia and
Campbell Worldwide 443 439 36[xvii] 4.70 7.70
(2004b)

Bray and
Rodriguez-Marek Worldwide 54 - 13 6.10 7.60
(2004)

Horike and
Japan U - U U U
Nishimura (2004)
Hwang et al. Chi-Chi 221[xviii] - 4 6.20 7.70
(2004) (Taiwan)

Kalkan and
Turkey 96–100 96–100 47 4.20 7.40
Gülkan (2004a)

Lin and Lee

Taiwan U - 41 U U
(2004)

Mezcua, Rueda,
and García Iberia 375 - 5 4.80 7.90
Blanco (2004)

Midorikawa and
Japan 3335 - 33 5.50 8.30
Ohtake (2004)

Moradi, Mirzaei,
and Rezapour Iran U - 22 U U
(2004)

Pankow and
Pechmann
Worldwide
(2004) and
extensional 142 - 39 5.10 7.20
Pankow and
regimes
Pechmann
(2006)

Rathje et al. Worldwide

835 - 44 4.90 7.60
(2004) shallow crustal
Y.-X. Yu and
NE Tibet U, U - 31 5.00 8.50
Wang (2004)

Atkinson (2005) Cascadia - U U 2.5* 6.2*

E Alps (45.6–
Bragato and
46.8∘N & 12– 1402 3168 240 2.50 6.30
Slejko (2005)
14∘E)

Dowrick and 4.6 (5.2 8.2 (7.3

New Zealand U - 89
Rhoades (2005) for B) for B)

Frisenda et al. 6899[xix] 5.1[xx]

NW Italy - >1152 0.0*
(2005)

Garcı́a et al.
Central Mexico 277 277 16 5.20 7.40
(2005)

Gong and Xie

California 266 - 15 5.6* 7.4*
(2005)

Europe & Middle

Kostov (2005) 967 - U 4.00 7.80
East
Liu and Tsai
Taiwan 7907 7907 51 4.05 7.10
(2005)

Central Utah
McGarr and
coal-mining 72 - 12 0.98 4.20
Fletcher (2005)
areas

Musson (2005) UK 727 - U U U

Tselentis,
Danciu, and Greece U - U U U
Gkika (2005)

Wald et al.
California U - U U 5.3*
(2005)

Bakun (2006a) S California 3234 - 13 5.60 7.10

Basin & Range,

Bakun (2006b) U - 9 6.10 7.30
USA

Bindi et al.
Umbria-Marche 239 - 45 4.00 5.90
(2006)

Bakun and Scotti N France, S 13996,

- 15, 11 4* 5.5*
(2006) France 4373

Faccioli and Europe & Middle

75 - 26 3.80 6.90
Cauzzi (2006) East

Gómez-Soberón,
Tena-Colunga,
Mexico 1983 - 109 4.5* 8.1*
and Ordaz
(2006)
Gómez-Soberón,
Tena-Colunga,
Mexico 1983 - 109 4.5* 8.1*
and Ordaz
(2006)

Hwang (2006) Taiwan U - U U U

Ciudad
Jaimes, Reinoso,
Universitaria
and Ordaz 21 - 21 6.00 8.10
station, Mexico
(2006)
City

3392+377
Kanno et al. Japan+some 73+10 & 5.0* (6.1) 8.2* (7.4)
(shallow) & -
(2006) foreign 111 & 5.5* & 8.0*
8150 (deep)

Kataoka et al.
Japan 5160 - 47 4.8* 6.9*
(2006)

Kempton and Worldwide

1559 - 73 5.0* 7.6*
Stewart (2006) shallow crustal

Pousse et al. 9390[xxiii]

Japan - U 4.10 7.30
(2006)

Stafford (2006) &

Stafford, Berrill, New Zealand +
265–484 - 59–93 5* 7.4*
and Pettinga foreign
(2006)

Akkar and Europe & Middle

532 - 131 5.00 7.60
Bommer (2007a) East
Amiri,
Mahdavian, and
Dana (2007a) & Alborz and central Iran[xxiv]
200* 200* 50* 4.5* 7.3*
Amiri,
Mahdavian, and
Dana (2007b)

Atkinson and California, Cen.

U - U 2.4*, 2.0* 7.8*, 7.8*
Wald (2007) E US

Bindi et al.
NW Turkey 4047 4047 528 0.50 5.90
(2007)

Boore and
Atkinson (2007) Worldwide
1574 - 58 4.27[xxvii] 7.90[xxviii]
& Boore and shallow crustal
Atkinson (2008)
Campbell and
Bozorgnia
(2007), Campbell
and Bozorgnia Worldwide
1561 - 64 4.27[xxx] 7.90[xxxi]
(2008b) & shallow crustal
Campbell and
Bozorgnia
(2008a)

Danciu and
Tselentis
(2007a), Danciu
Greece 335 - 151 4.50 6.90
and Tselentis
(2007b) &
Danciu (2006)

S. Fukushima,
Hayashi, and Japan 8615 - 158 5.00 6.80
Yashiro (2007)

Mahdavifar,
Alborz and
Jafari, and 22 - 19 U U
central Iran
Zolfaghari (2007)
Abrahamson and
Silva (2008) & Worldwide
2754 - 135 4.27[xxxii] 7.9[xxxiii]
Abrahamson and shallow crustal
Silva (2009)

Al-Qaryouti
Dead Sea area 26 - 19 4.00 6.20
(2008)

China, Taiwan
L. Chen (2008) 249 249 55 4.20 7.60
and Japan

B. S.-J. Chiou
Worldwide
and Youngs 1950 - 125 4.265[xxxiv]7.90[xxxv]
shallow crustal
(2008)

Jin, Kang, and

Fujian (China) 1974 1974 94 2.80 4.90
Ou (2008)

Massa et al.
Northern Italy 306 306 82 3.5 & 4.0 6.3 & 6.5
(2008)

Mezcua, Garcı́a
Blanco, and Spain 250 - 149 3.10 5.30
Rueda (2008)

Pasolini et al.
Italy 21932 - 470* 4.4* 7.4*
(2008)
Snæbjörnsson
Europe & Middle
and Sigbjörnsson 71 - 13 5.0* 7.6*
East
(2008)

Bindi, Luzi, and

Italy 241 241 27 4.80 6.90
Pacor (2009)

Bindi, Luzi, et al.

Italy 235 - 27 4.60 6.90
(2009)

Bommer,
Worldwide
Stafford, and 2406 - 114 4.80 7.90
shallow crustal
Alarcón (2009)

Lee (2009), Lee

and Green W. USA[xxxviii] 324 324 49 5.00 7.60
(2008) & Lee and
Green (2014)

Rupakhety and
South
Sigbjörnsson 64+29 - 12 5.02 7.67
Iceland+others
(2009)

Sørensen,
Marmara Sea,
Stromeyer, and 121195 - 7 5.90 7.40
Turkey
Grünthal (2009)
Stafford, Berrill,
New Zealand + 144+241 &
and Pettinga - 23+41 5.08 7.51
foreign 144+200
(2009)

Akkar and Europe & Middle

532 - 131 5.00 7.60
Bommer (2010) East

Akkar and
Turkey 433 - 137 5.00 7.60
Çağnan (2010)

Amiri et al. Alborz and central Iran[xxxix] 416 - 189 3.2[xl] 7.70
(2009)

Beauval et al. Sierra of

453 - 4 5.30 7.10
(2010) Ecuador

Bindi et al.
Italy 561 561 107 4.00 6.90
(2010)

Bozorgnia,
Worldwide
Hachem, and 1561 - 64 4.27 7.90
shallow crustal
Campbell (2010)

Campbell and
Bozorgnia (2011)
Worldwide
& Campbell and 1561 - 64 4.27 7.90
shallow crustal
Bozorgnia
(2010a)
Campbell and
Bozorgnia
(2010b) & Worldwide
1561 - 64 4.27 7.90
Campbell and shallow crustal
Bozorgnia
(2010a)

Chiou et al. (2010)[xli]S & N California 15684 - U 3* 6*

Iervolino et al.
Italy 95 - 17 4.60 6.80
(2010)

Rajabi et al.
Zagros, Iran 37 - 35 4.10 7.00
(2010)

Sørensen,
Stromeyer, and Campania, Italy 2985 - 9 6.30 7.00
Grünthal (2010b)

Sørensen,
Vrancea,
Stromeyer, and 4058 - 5 6.40 7.70
Romania
Grünthal (2010a)

Szeliga et al.
India U - 29 4* 8*
(2010)
Boore and
Atkinson (2007)
& Boore and
Worldwide
Atkinson (2008) 1574 - 58 4.27 7.90[xlii]
shallow crustal
modified by G.
M. Atkinson and
Boore (2011)

Alavi et al. Worldwide

2252 - U 5.1* 7.9*
(2011) shallow crustal

Anderson and Guerrero,

293 293 27 5.05 7.96
Uchiyama (2011) Mexico

Bindi, Parolai, et
Central Asia 6000* - 66 4.60 8.30
al. (2011)

Bommer, Akkar, Europe & Middle

1267 1267 392 4.50 7.60
and Kale (2011) East

De Luca et al.
(2011) & De Italy 725 - U 4.10 6.90
Luca (2011)
Emolo,
Campania-
Convertito, and 875 - 123 1.50 3.20
Lucania, Italy
Cantore (2011)

Worldwide
Ghanat (2011) 2690 - 129 4.80 7.90
shallow crustal

Ghosh and
NW Himalaya U - 10 4.30 7.80
Mahajan (2011)

Gülerce and
Worldwide
Abrahamson 2684 2684 127 4.27[xliv] 7.9[xlv]
shallow crustal
(2011)

Luzi et al. (2011) Italy U - U 4.0* 6.9*

Rupakhety et al. Worldwide

93 - 29 5.56 7.60
(2011) shallow crustal

Allen, Wald, and Worldwide

13077 - U 5.00 7.90
Worden (2012) shallow crustal

Sichuan-Yunnan
Cui et al. (2012) 962 - >21 4.50 6.50
(China)

Foulser-Piggott
Worldwide
and Stafford 2406 - 114 4.79 7.90
shallow crustal
(2012)
Gómez-Bernal,
Lecea, and
Mexico 607 607 17[xlvi] 6.00 8.10
Juárez-Garcı́a
(2012)

Lee et al. (2012) Taiwan 6570 - 62 3.93 7.62

Mohammadnejad Worldwide
2252 - U 5.20 7.90
et al. (2012) shallow crustal

Nguyen et al. Northern

330 - 53 1.60 4.60
(2012) Vietnam

Saffari et al.
Iran 351 - 78 5.00 7.40
(2012)

Abrahamson,
Worldwide
Silva, and Kamai 15750 - 326 3.00 7.9[xlvii]
shallow crustal
(2013, 2014)

Boore et al. Worldwide

15000* - 350* 3.00 7.9[xlviii]
(2013, 2014) shallow crustal

Campbell and
Worldwide
Bozorgnia (2013, 15521 - 322 3.0[xlix] 7.9[l]
shallow crustal
2014)
Chiou and
Worldwide
Youngs (2013, 12244 - 300 3.1*[li] 7.9*[lii]
shallow crustal
2014)

Crowell et al. Japan &

118 118 5 5.30 8.30
(2013) California

Mainly
Douglas et al.
geothermally- 3968 - 535 1* 4*
(2013)
related

Du and Wang Worldwide

1390 - 62 4.26 7.90
(2013) shallow crustal

Ghosh and
NW Himalaya U - 10 4.30 7.80
Mahajan (2013)

Idriss (2013, Worldwide

2353 - 151 4.5[liv] 7.9[lv]
2014) shallow crustal

Morikawa and
Japan 21681 - 333 5.50 9.00
Fujiwara (2013)

Musson (2013) UK 446 - 161 2.5* 4.3*

Pacific
Earthquake
Worldwide
Engineering - Mw C
shallow crustal
Research Center
(2013)
Segou and Europe & Middle
327 - 164 4.10 6.60
Voulgaris (2013) East

Sharma et al. Geysers, N.

5451 - 212 1.30 3.30
(2013) California

Skarlatoudis et Hellenic Arc

743 - 21 4.40 6.70
al. (2013) (Greece)

Villalobos- Medellı̀n and

Escobar and Aburrà Valley 596 - 17 2.80 6.50
Castro (2013) (Colombia)

Akkar,
Sandıkkaya, and Europe & Middle
1041 - 221 4.00 7.6[lvi]
Bommer (2014a, East
2014b)

Akkar,
Europe & Middle
Sandıkkaya, and 1041 - 221 4.00 7.6[lvii]
East
Ay (2014)

R: 229, S:
Ansary (2014) Himalaya, India - 150* 2.5* 7.80
187

G. M. Atkinson,
California, Cen.
Worden, and U - U 4* 7.5*
E USA
Wald (2014)
Bindi, Massa, et
Europe & Middle
al. (2014b, 1224, 2126 - 225, 365 4.00 7.60
East
2014a)

Europe & Middle

Bora et al. (2014) 1232 - 369 4.00 7.60
East

Boyd and
Cen. & E USA 21398* - 1143 2.5* 7.2*
Cramer (2014)

Cheng, Lucchini,
and Mollaioli Worldwide
1550 - 63 4.26 7.90
(2014) & Cheng shallow crustal
(2013)

Chousianitis et 133[lviii]
Greece - 37 3.20 6.70
al. (2014)

Derras, Cotton, Europe & Middle

1088 - 320 3.6[lix] 7.6[lx]
and Bard (2014) East

Foulser-Piggott
Japan 13703 - 158 5.50 9.00
and Goda (2014)

Ghofrani and
Japan > 1000 - 6 7.00 9.00
Atkinson (2014)
Le Goff, Borges,
Mainland
and Bezzeghoud - 25 4.40 6.20
Portugal
(2014)

Rodrı́guez-Pérez Cen. and S. 75 (F), 121 5.1 (F), 8.0 (F),

- 8 F, 25 B
(2014) Mexico (B) 5.0 (B) 7.2 (B)

Yaghmaei-
Sabegh,
Iran 286 - 141 3.70 7.70
Shoghian, and
Sheikh (2014)

Atkinson (2015) California U - U 3* 6*

Europe & Middle

Bora et al. (2015) 1232 - 369 4.00 7.60
East

Bozorgnia and
Worldwide
Campbell - 15161 321 3.0[lxiii] 7.9[lxiv]
shallow crustal
(2016b)

Bozorgnia and
Worldwide 3.0[lxvi] 7.9[lxvii]
Campbell 15521 15161 321–322
shallow crustal
(2016a)

C. Cauzzi, Worldwide
Faccioli, Vanini, shallow active 1880 - 98 4.50 7.90
et al. (2015) crustal
Emolo et al.
South Korea 11129 - 222 2.00 4.90
(2015)

Foulser-Piggott
Japan 68567 - 661 5.00 9.00
and Goda (2015)

Jaimes,
Ramirez-Gaytán, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City[lxix]
22 - 22 5.20 7.40
and Reinoso
(2015)

Kale et al. (2015) Turkey & Iran 1198 - 313 4.00 7.6[lxx]

Kuehn and
Europe & Middle
Scherbaum 835 - 279 4.00 7.60
East
(2015)

Leonard (2015) Australia MI

Melgar et al.
Worldwide 1321 1321 10 5.90 9.10
(2015)

Pacific
Earthquake
Engineering Cen. and E. N.
Research Center America + 6061[lxxi] - 78[lxxii] 2.50 7.6[lxxiii]
(2015) — Al foreign
Noman and
Cramer
Pacific
Earthquake
Cen. and E.
Engineering 5026 - 48 4.00 6.8[lxxiv]
USA
Research Center
(2015) — Graizer

Pacific
Earthquake
Engineering Cen. and E. 2.5[lxxvi] 6.8[lxxvii]
U - U
Research Center USA
(2015) —
Hollenback et al.

Ullah et al.
Central Asia 6000* - 66 4.60 8.30
(2015)

Vacareanu,
Vrancea,
Iancovici, et al. 9718 - 6 6.00 7.70
Romania
(2015)

Yaghmaei-
Iran 575 - 40 3.70 7.70
Sabegh (2015)

Afshari and Worldwide

11195 - 3.00 7.90
Stewart (2016) shallow crustal

Alıcı and Worldwide

1442 - 104 5.50 7.90
Sucuoğlu (2016) shallow crustal
Galluzzo et al. Campi Flegrei,
120* - 20 0.80 2.40
(2016) Italy

Ibrahim et al.
Japan 409 - 20 6.00 9.10
(2016)

Kaveh,
Bakhshpoori, Worldwide
2252 - U 5.20 7.90
and Hamzeh- shallow crustal
Ziabari (2016)

S. R. Kotha,
Europe & Middle
Bindi, and Cotton 1251 - U 4.00 7.60
East
(2016a, 2016b)

Lanzano et al. Po Plain & NE

2489 - 94 4.00 6.40
(2016) Italy

V. W. Lee,
Serbia (Vrancea
Trifunac, Bulajić, 91 91 4 6.40 7.40
events)
et al. (2016a)

Nekooei and
Iran 484 - ≥ 25 4.50 7.40
Babaei (2016)

Shoushtari,
Malaysia, Japan
Adnan, and Zare 531 - 13 5.00 7.70
and Iran
(2016)

Stewart et al. Worldwide

- 17089 U 3.00 7.9[lxxix]
(2016) shallow crustal
 1158 4.3
1158 38
Tusa and Langer Mount Etna, (shallow), (shallow)
(shallow), (shallow), 3.00
(2016) Italy 1957 , 4.8
1957 (deep) 53 (deep)
(deep) (deep)

Çağnan et al. Europe & Middle

- 1041 221 4.00 7.60
(2017a) East

Cameletti et al.
Italy 6723 - 1917 2.00 5.90
(2017)

Cremen, Gupta, Cen. and E.

104023 - 972 3.00 5.80
and Baker (2017) USA

Worldwide
Du (2017) 8491 - 263 3.05 7.90
shallow crustal

Derras, Bard,
and Cotton Japan 977 - 214 3.70 6.90
(2017)

Garcı́a-Soto and Mexico (Pacific

418 418 40 5.00 8.00
Jaimes (2017) coast)

Gupta and W Himalaya &

365 365 113 3.00 6.90
Trifunac (2017) NE India
Haji-Soltani et al. Gulf Coast
943 943 30 3.40 5.74
(2017) (USA)

Hassani et al. Iran[lxxx] 806 - 330 4.00 7.30

(2017)

Oth, Miyake, and

Japan 118102 - 1905 2.70 7.20
Bindi (2017)

Sandıkkaya and Europe & Middle

1041 - 221 4.00 7.60
Akkar (2017) East

Sedaghati and
Iran 688 688 152 4.70 7.40
Pezeshk (2017)

Ameur, Derras,
Worldwide
and Zendagui 2335 - 137 3.2[lxxxi] 7.9[lxxxii]
shallow crustal
(2018)

Baumont et al.
France + Italy U - 30 + 11 3.60 7.10
(2018)

Bayless and
Worldwide
Abrahamson 13346 - 232 4.0* 7.9*
shallow crustal
(2018, 2019)

Chousianitis et
Greece 652 - 72 4.0* 6.80
al. (2018)
Javan-Emrooz,
N Iran, E
Eskandari-Ghadi,
Turkey, Armenia 463 463 107 4.50 7.40
and Mirzaei
& Georgia
(2018)

Graham and
Mahani and Kao
Septimus areas U, U - 129, 90 1.5, 1.5 3.8, 3.0
(2018)
(BC, Canada)

Sharma and The Geysers,

261711 - 10974 0.70 3.30
Convertito (2018) USA

Shoushtari,
Japan + Malay
Adnan, and Zare 651 + 77 - 11 + 14 5.0 + 6.7 9.1 + 9.0
Peninsula
(2018)

Yaghmaei-
Iran 560 - 113 4.10 7.40
Sabegh (2018)

Zafarani et al.
Iran 1551 - 200 4.00 7.30
(2018)

Ahmadzadeh,
Doloei, and Iran 111[lxxxv] - 31 5.10 7.40
Zafarani (2019)

Bindi et al. Europe & Middle 2767–

- U–2179 3.50 7.80
(2019) East 18859
Campbell and Worldwide
15521 - 322 3.0[lxxxvii] 7.9[lxxxviii]
Bozorgnia (2019) shallow crustal

Darzi et al.
Iran 1350 - 370 4.50 7.40
(2019)

Huang and
Italy 7843 - 233 4.00 6.90
Galasso (2019)

Lanzano, Luzi,
Pacor, Felicetta,
et al. (2019; Italy + 12 foreign 4965 + 823[lxxxix] 3.5 + 6.87 +
- 144 + 12
Lanzano, Luzi, events 6.07 8.0
Pacor, Puglia, et
al. 2019)

Podili and
Raghukanth Japan 96880 - 1340 5.00 9.00
(2019)

Quadros,
Assump cão, and
Brazil 497 - 20 3.50 6.20
Trindade de
Souza (2019)

Ruhl et al. (2019) Worldwide 3433 3433 29 6.00 9.00

 Taiwan (shallow 17171 +
Xu et al. (2019) - 310 4.80 7.90
+ deep) 7496

Zolfaghari and
Iran - 1350 370 4.50 7.40
Darzi (2019b)

Zolfaghari and
Iran 1350 1350 370 4.50 7.40
Darzi (2019a)

Bullock et al. Worldwide

10093 - U 3.0* 7.9*
(2020) shallow crustal

Chao et al.
Taiwan 40892 - 316 3.50 7.6[xc]
(2020)

Cremen, Werner, Lancashire + N.

and Baptie Nottinghamshire 195+192 - 29+48 (0.1*) (2.9*)
(2020) (UK)

Huang, Tarbali,
and Galasso Italy 5703 - 138 4.00 6.50
(2020)

Jaimes and
Garcı́a-Soto Mexico 366 366 23 5.20 8.20
(2020)

Kotha et al. Europe &

18222 - 927 3.00 7.40
(2020) Mediterranean
Lanzano and Volcanic areas,
615 - 41 3.00 4.90
Luzi (2020) Italy

Matsu’ura et al.
Japan 33788 - 78 5.40 8.70
(2020)

Tusa, Langer,
and Azzaro Mt Etna, Italy 1600 1600 49 3.00 4.80
(2020)

Abdelfattah et al. Jazan (Saudi

638 - 72 2.00 5.10
(2021) Arabia)

7.5*
Bahrampouri, 17077 984
crustal,
Rodriguez- crustal, crustal,
Japan - 4.00 9.0*
Marek, and 21159 1028
subducti
Green (2021a) subduction subduction
on

7.5*
Bahrampouri, 22111 873
crustal,
Rodriguez- crustal, crustal,
Japan - 4.00 9.0*
Marek, and 74820 2249
subducti
Green (2021b) subduction subduction
on

Boore et al.
Greece 1500* - 150* 4.0* 7.0*
(2021)

Fang et al.
Worldwide 1434 1434 22 6.00 9.10
(2021)

C. Huang,
Tarbali, and N. Italy 2427 - 85 4.00 6.40
Galasso (2021)
Jaimes and
Garcı́a-Soto Mexico 418, 366 - 40, 23 5.0, 5.2 8.0, 8.2
(2021)

Lavrentiadis,
Abrahamson,
California 8916 - 188 3.10 7.30
and Kuehn
(2021)

[i]

Note only valid

for R ≥ 20 km

[ii] Note only valid for R ≤ 200 km

[iii] Called MLH so may be ML.

[iv] Idriss (1978) finds magnitudes to be mixture of ML, mb and Ms.

[v] Idriss (1978) finds magnitudes to be mixture of ML, mb and Ms.

[vi] Probably MJMA

[vii] Reported in (Joyner and Boore 1988).

[viii] Does not need to be multiplied by two.

[ix] Distance to centre of array

[x] Total number of components does not need to be multiplied by two

[xi] State equations should not be used for distances > 100 km

[xii] Equations stated to be for distances up to 100 km.

[xiii] Total number of components do not need to be multiplied by two.

[xiv] Total number of components do not need to be multiplied by two.

[xv] Total number of components do not need to be multiplied by two.

[xvi] Total number of components do not need to be multiplied by two.

[xvii] For horizontal corrected records. There are 34 for vertical corrected records.
[xviii] Three other equations for site classes B, D and E.

[xix] Authors state in text that ‘more than 14 000’ values were used but their Table 1 gives 2 × 6899.

[xx] State equations valid to 4.5.

[xxi] State equations valid up to 200 km.

[xxii] Call it ‘quadratic mean’, which is assumed to be geometric mean.

[xxiii] Does not need to be multiplied by two.

[xxiv] Also develop models for the Zagros region of Iran using about 100 records.

[xxv] Also derive model using Mw.

[xxvi] Also derive model using repi.

[xxvii] Recommend that model is not extrapolated below 5 due to lack of data.

[xxviii] Believe that model can be used to 8.0.

[xxix] Recommend that model is not used for distances ≥ 200 km.

[xxx] Believe that model can be extrapolated down to 4.0.

[xxxi] Believe that model can be extrapolated up to 8.5 for strike-slip faulting and 8.0 for reverse faulting.

[xxxii] Recommend that model is not extrapolated below 5 due to lack of data.

[xxxiii] Believe that model can be reliably extrapolated to 8.5.

[xxxiv] Believe that model can be extrapolated down to 4.0.

[xxxv] Believe that model can be extrapolated up to 8.5 for strike-slip faulting and 8.0 for reverse faulting.

[xxxvi] Believe that model valid to 0 km.

[xxxvii] Believe that model valid to 200 km.

[xxxviii] Also model for Central USA using 14 records and 296 scaled records

[xxxix] Also develop models for the Zagros region of Iran using 309 records from 190 earthquakes.

[xl] State that only use data with Ms ≥ 4 but one earthquake in their Appendix A has Ms3.2.
[xli] Adjustment of GMPE of B. S.-J. Chiou and Youngs (2008) for Mw < 6

[xlii] Believe that model can be used to 8.0.

[xliii] Recommend that model is not used for distances ≥ 200 km.

[xliv] Recommend that model is not extrapolated below 5 due to lack of data.
[xlv] Believe that model can be reliably extrapolated to 8.5.

[xlvi] Taken from their Table 3.1. Elsewhere in the article the total is given as 23 and 25.

[xlvii] State model applicable up to 8.5.

[xlviii] State model applicable up to Mw8.5 for strike-slip and reverse and Mw7 for normal earthquakes.
[xlix] State model applicable for Mw ≥ 3.3 in California and Mw ≥ 5.5 globally.

[l] State model applicable to Mw8.5 for strike-slip, Mw8 for reverse/reverse-oblique and Mw7.5 for normal/normal-oblique.

[li] State applicable for Mw ≥ 3.5.

[lii] State applicable for Mw ≤ 8.5 for strike-slip and Mw ≤ 8 for reverse and normal earthquakes.

[liii] State applicable up to 300 km

[liv] Recommends model for Mw ≥ 5.

[lv] Recommends model up to Mw8.

[lvi] Believe model can be used up to Mw8.

[lvii] Believe model can be used up to Mw8.

[lviii] Use an additional 60 records to validate model.

[lix] Recommend never using model below 4.

[lx] Recommend never using model above 7.

[lxi] Recommend never using model for rjb < 5.

[lxii] Recommend never using model for rjb > 200.

[lxiii] Believe applicable down to 3.3 for California and down to 5.5 globally.

[lxiv] Believe valid to 8.5 for strike-slip, 8.0 for reverse and 7.5 for normal.

[lxv] Believe applicable to 300 km.

[lxvi] Believe applicable down to 3.3 for California and down to 5.5 globally.

[lxvii] Believe valid to 8.5 for strike-slip, 8.0 for reverse and 7.5 for normal.

[lxviii] Believe applicable to 300 km.

[lxix] Also derive models for two other sites (SCT and CDAO) in Mexico City.
[lxx] Recommend model up to Mw8

[lxxi] Also use 1921 macroseismic intensities.

[lxxii] Macroseismic intensities from 6 events.

[lxxiii] 7.7 by including macroseismic data.

[lxxiv] Believes applies up to 8.2.

[lxxv] Believes applies down to 0 km.

[lxxvi] Recommends use down to 4.0.

[lxxvii] Believes applies up to 8.2.

[lxxviii] Recommend model up to 200 km

[lxxix] Recommend model for use up to 8.0 for strike-slip and reverse and 7.0 for normal earthquakes.

[lxxx] Also develop separate models for Zagros and Alborz-central Iran.

[lxxxi] Believe applicable ≥ 3.6.

[lxxxii] Believe applicable ≤ 7.6.

[lxxxiii] Believe applicable ≥ 6 km.

[lxxxiv] Believe applicable ≤ 200 km.

[lxxxv] Isoseismals not intensity data points.

[lxxxvi] Table 1 includes a radius of 171.98 km but this looks like a typo.
[lxxxvii] State model applicable for Mw ≥ 3.3 in California and Mw ≥ 5.5 globally.

[lxxxviii] State model applicable to Mw8.5 for strike-slip, Mw8 for reverse/reverse-oblique and Mw7.5 for normal/normal-obli

[lxxxix] This is the total in the Electronic Supplement listing all the data used. In the article it is stated that 5607 records from 1
[xc] Believe model applicable up to 8.0 for crustal and intraslab events and 9.0 for interface events.

[xci] Call it ‘quadratic mean’, which is assumed to be geometric mean.

M scale rmin rmax r scale S C R M IM

U 15* 450* rhypo 1U U A PGV, MI

PGV,
ML 15 350 rhypo 1U O A
PGD

U U U repi 1- 1A MI

Mostly 6[i]* 400[ii]* PGV,

repi 3B O A
ML PGD

Mostly
6* 400* repi 3B O A AI, RSD
ML

Mostly
6* 400* repi 3B O A FSA
ML

PGV,
ML 28* 70* rhypo 3B 1A
PGD

PGV,
ML 14 125 rhypo 1B U A
PGD

Ms[iii] U U rhypo 1- 1A MI
ML 0 130 rrup 2B 1A RSD

U[iv] PGV,
11* 210* rhypo 2B U A
PGD

U[v] 11* 210* rhypo 1B U A FSA

PGV,
U U U U U U 1A
PGD

U U U repi 3U U A FSA

rrup (repi
U U U for 2B 1A RSD
some)

PGV,
ML U U rhypo 1C U A PGD,
FSA

U U U repi 1- 1A MI

U[vi] PGV,
11* 300* repi 1, C L 1A
PGD

Mw (ML) 1 370 rjb 2L 2A PGV

ML for
M < 6.0
and Ms U <50 rseis 2M U A (S, R) PGV
otherwis
e

Mw (ML) 1 370 rjb C L 2A PGV

MJMA 10 310 repi I B 1A RSD

PGV,
MJMA 5* 550* repi 3R 1A
PGD

U U U repi 1- 1A MI

U U U rhypo 3, C U U A FSA

Mw 6 130 rjb 1A 1A AI
Ms U U rhypo 1- 1A MI

Mw 6 130 rjb 1A 1A AI

ML 3 175 rhypo 1U O A PGV

MJMA 40* 400* rhypo 1 B[viii] 1A FSA

U U U U 1G 1A PGV

rjb (repi
Mw (ML,
1 211 for 2C 2A ISO
Ms )
some)

ML for
M < 6,
U U rseis 1U U A PGV
Ms for
M≥6

Ms U U rhypo 1- 1A MI

ML (MD)
for ML < 3.1[ix] PGV,
120 rhypo 1M 2W A
6.6, else PGD
Ms

Mw (ML,
U U rc 1- 1A MI
Ms )
 PGV,
MJMA 3 413 rhypo I B O A
PGD

Ms , Mw, 128 PGV,

1 (48) repi 2B O A
MJMA (236) PGD

Mw U U rrup C M 1A PGV

Ms U U repi 1- 1A MI

Usually
ML for
M ≤ 6.5 PGV,
2 200+ rhypo 9, 3 × C U 1A
and Ms PGD
for M >
6.5

rrup for 2
earthqu
akes,
MJMA 8* 1000* I L O A PGV
rhypo
otherwis
e

Mw 0 220* rrup 2G 1M A RSD

Ms 0 15 rjb 1L 1 A, R, S VH

ML U U rhypo 1- 1A MI

Ms if ML
& Ms ≥ Both rjb
1.5, 1.5 179, 180[xi] 3L 1A PGV, AI
5.5 else & repi
ML

mb 33 341 rhypo 1U 1A PGV

Ms U, U U, U repi 1- 1A MI

Mw 1* 200* rrup 2G O A FSA

Mw (ML) 0* 600* repi 1- 1A MI

 A(S,R,N
Mw 3 60 rseis 3G 1 PGV
)

Mw 6* 200* rslip 2 T, V 1 R, S PGD

Mw 1* 100* rrup 3G 1A AI

MJMA U U rrup 1V 2A JMA

Mw 0.5* 200* rrup 2O 1M A MP

A (N,
Ms or Mw 7 138 repi 2U O PGV
ST)

rrup for
some,
PGV,
Mw 0 305[xii] rhypo for 2G U A(R,SN)
PGD
small
ones
Ms (U) 0 197 rjb, repi 2B 1A AI

Mw 0 10 rrup 1N 1A PGV

Mw 1 140* repi 1B O A PGV

Mw 0 189 rjb 3G 2M A PGV, IE

A (S, R,
Mw 4* 450* rc 1- 1 MI
N)

U U U U 1- 1A MI

Mw 2 112 repi 1B 1A RSD

Mw 0 10 rrup 1N 1A PGV

PGV,
Ms 3 260 rjb 3L 1A
PGD

A; A, N,
Ms 0 15 rjb 3; 1 L 1 IE; VH
R, S

ML for
M < 6,
Ms 1 109 rrup 2B 1A RSD
otherwis
e

Ms U U rhypo 1- 1A MI

PGV,
Mw or Ms U U repi 2B 1 A (N)
PGD, AI
 Both rq
Mw 0* 280* 2L O A PGV
& rrup

ML 0* 675* repi 1- 1A MI

rrup (repi
Mw (ML) 0.05* 400* for 1&I U U A PGV
some)

Mw (ML) 2 289 repi 1- 1A MI

A (S, PGV,
Mw 0 267 rrup 2U 1M
R/O, T) PGD

PGV,
Mw 1 150 repi 3B O A
PGD

PGV,
Ms 1 359 rjb 3L 2A
PGD

ML 2* 100* repi 2L 2 N, O PGV, AI

Mw 0* 2000* repi 1- 1A MI

Mainly
Mw, ML
1* 370* rhypo 4U O A PGV
for
some

A (N, PGV,
Mw (ML) 1.5* 150* repi 2U O
ST) PGD

Mw 0.1* 200* rrup 3A 1M A (N, R) AI

Mixed
U U repi 1, 2 - 1A MI
scales

m1 7* 2000* rhypo 1G 1M A FSA

A (S &
Mw 2* 60* rseis 4G 1 VH
N, R, T)

Mw 0 18 rrup 2N 1M A PGV

MJMA U U rhypo U U 1A PGV

Mw U U rjb 1A 2M A AI

Mw
rjb, repi
(unspeci
1 250 for small 3L 1A VH
fied
events
scales)

U U U rrup 1U 1A AI

Mw 0* U repi 1- 1A MI

A (C, B,
Mw 0* 300* rrup 2L 1 PGV
F)

Ms U U repi 1- 1A MI

Mw 0 99 rjb 2 G, O 1M NS PGV

Mw 0.1* 200* rrup 3O 1M A MP

Ms U, U U, U repi 1- 1A MI

m1 20* 600* rhypo 1G 1M C, B, F FSA

PGV,
ML 0 130 rjb & repi 1R O A
AI, FSA

A (S, R,
Mw 1* 450* rc 1- 1 MI
N), B

ML 0 300[xxi] rhypo 2B 1A PGV

rrup for
Mw >
Mw 4* 400* 6.5, rhypo 1 G[xxii] 1M B PGV
otherwis
e

Mw 0* 120* rjb 3G 2M A IE

Ms 2* 401* rhypo 1U 1A CAV

Mw (ML) 5* 300* rhypo 1M 2M A PGV

Mw (MCL) 0.5* 10* rhypo 2L 2M M PGV

ML U U rhypo 1- 1A MI

Mw U U repi U A 1M A AI

Mw U U rjb 1L U A PGV

Mw 0* 550* rhypo 1- 1A MI

Mw 0* 600* rhypo 1- 1A MI

repi &
ML 1* 100* 4L 1M NS PGV
rhypo

Mw 0* 400* rhypo 1- 1A MI

rjb (repi
Mw (ML) 2 71 for Mw 1- 1A MI
< 5.5)

Mw (Ms if
rhypo (rrup
M > 6,
5* 800* for 1U 2F PGD
mb if M
some)
< 6)
Mw (Ms if
rhypo (rrup
M > 6,
5* 800* for 1U 2F PGD
mb if M
some)
< 6)

U U U U U U 1A AI

Mw 285 530 rrup 1U 1B F FSA

450* rrup (rhypo

Mw 1* (1.5*)
(350*) & for C R 2M A PGV
(MJMA) & 30*
450* some)

PGV,
Mw 1* 200* U 1U U C
JMA

Mw 0* 200* rrup C G 1M A RSD

rhypo (rrup
(Mw) 5* 250* for 5B 2M A AI, RSD
some)

A (S/N,
Mw 0.3* 300* rrup 3G 1M FSA
R)

A (N, S,
Mw 0 99 rjb 3G 1WM PGV
R)
Ms (mb) 5* 400* rhypo 2L 1A PGV

500*,
Mw 2*, 7* rrup 1- 1M A MI
1000*

ML[xxv] 5* 200* rhypo[xxvi] 2L 1M A PGV

A (N, R,
Mw 0 280[xxix] rjb C I50 2M PGV
S, U)
 A (N, R, PGV,
Mw 0 199 rrup C I50 1M
S, HW) PGD

PGV,
A (ST,
Mw 0* 136 repi 3A 1M PGD,
N)
AI, IE

MJMA 18 448 rrup 1V 1A PGV

U U U rhyp 1U 1A AI
 A (N, R,
Mw 0.06* 200* rrup C I50 1M PGV
S, HW)

ML 6 331 repi 1L 2A PGV

Mw (ML, 153 & repi &

10 & 12 2G & L 2A PGV
Ms ) 153 rhypo

A (N, R,
Mw 0.2*[xxxvi] 70*[xxxvii] rrup C I50 1M S, HW, PGV
AS)

ML 13 462 repi 1U O A PGV

Mw (ML)
1* 100* repi 3L 1M A PGV, AI
& ML

Mw
5* 100* rhypo 1U 1A PGV
(mb(Lg))

Mw 0* 300* repi 1- O A MI
Mw 0* 100* rjb 1U 1 SS RSD

rjb (repi
A (N, S,
Mw 0 190 for 3 L, G 1M PGV
R)
small)

Mw (ML) 0 183 rjb, repi 3L 1M A PGV

Mw 1.5* 100* rrup C B O A RSD

AI, MP,
Mw 0 199 rrup 2A 1M A
RSD

rjb (repi
Mw 1 97 for 2L 1 S/O ISO
some)

Mw 0* 350* rjb, repi 1- 1W A MI

 L, O, G, A (S/N,
Mw 0 300 rjb & rrup 3 1M AI
A R)

A (N, S,
Mw 0 99 rjb 3G 1M PGV
R)

A (N, S,
Mw 0* 200* rjb C G 1M PGV
R)

Ms (mb) 5* 400* rhypo 2L 1M A AI

Mw 10* 200* rhypo 1- 1A MI

Mw 1* 100* rjb, repi 3L 1M A PGV

A (N, R,
Mw 0 199 rrup C G 1M ISO
S, HW)

A (N, R,
Mw 0 199 rrup C G 1M JMA
S, HW)
 A (N, R,
Mw 0 199 rrup C G 1M CAV
S, HW)

A (N, R,
Mw 5* 200* rrup C I50 1M S, HW, PGV
AS)

Mw 1.5, 1.5 179, 180 rjb & repi 3L 1A PGV, AI

Mw 5 150 repi 1, 3 & 4 L 1A AI

Mw 0* 650* rjb, repi 1- 1W A MI

rjb, repi,
Mw 0* 550* 1- 1W A MI
rrup

Mw (mb) 7* 2000* rhypo 1- 1M A MI

 A (N, R,
Mw 0 280[xliii] rjb C I50 2M PGV
S, U)

A PGV,
Mw 0.2* 350* rrup C U O
(Rake) PGD

PGV,
Mw 10* 390* rrup 1 M, V, V3 O A
PGD

repi, rhypo,
Ms 0.1* 600* 1- 1A MI
rjb

A (N, R,
Mw 0 100* rjb 3G 1M VH
S)

Mw 0 200 rjb 5G 1M A ISO

ML 3 100* rhypo 2L 1A PGV

Mw 0.2* 200* rrup C G 1M A RSD

Ms 10* 2000* repi 1- 1A MI

A (N, R,
Mw 0.06* 200* rrup C I50 1M VH
S)

rjb (repi
for Mw A (S, N,
Mw 0* 300* 5G 1M PGV
< 5.5), R)
rhypo

Mw 0 74 rjb 1N 1M A PGV

rhypo &
Mw 5* 315 C - 1A MI
rrup

Ms 0* 110* repi 2G 1, 1W A PGV

A (S/N,
Mw 0 100 rrup C A 1M AI
R)
 A (F, B,
Mw 20* 600* rrup 1L 2 PGV, AI
C)

A (S, N,
Mw 0 205 rrup C A 1M AI
R)

A (R, S, PGV,
Mw 0 366 rrup C I50 O
N) PGD

ML 5* 500* repi 1 L3 1A PGV

rrup (rhypo
Mw 4 190* for Mw 3U 2M A PGV
< 6.5)

rrup +
A (S, N,
Mw 0 300 others C D50 1M PGV
R, HW)
for HW

A (S, N,
Mw 0 400 rjb C D50 2M PGV
R, U)

A (S, R,
Mw 0* 300* rrup C D50 1M PGV
N, HW)
 400*[liii] A (S, R,
Mw 0.3* rrup C D50 1M PGV
N, HW)

Mw 10* 700* rhyp 1 L3 1A PGD

Mw (ML,
0* 20* rhypo 1G 1M G PGV
MD)

A (N, R,
Mw 0 200 rrup 3G 1M CAV
S)

Ms 0* 1600* repi 1- 1A MI

Mw 0 175 rrup C D50 1A PGV

A (C, B,
Mw 1* 200 rrup C V 2W PGV
F)

Mw U U rhypo 1- 1A MI

A (N, S,
V 1M PGV
R, HW)
 A (S, R,
Mw (mb) 1* 150* repi 3 I50 O PGV
N)

Mw (MD) 1 20 rhypo 3L 1M G PGV

Mw (mb,
65* 850* rhyp 3 D50 1M F, B PGV
ML)

ML 10* 290 repi I U 1M A PGV

rjb, repi & A (S, N,

Mw 0 200 C G 1M PGV
rhypo R)

A (S, N,
Mw 0 200 rjb C G 1M VH
R)

PGV,
U 2* 2000* rhyp 2U 1A
PGD

Mw 1* 400* repi 1- 1M A MI
 rjb (repi
for Mw
A (S, N,
Mw 0 300 ≤ 5 and C, 4 G 1M PGV
R)
repi ≥ 10)
& rhypo

Mw 0* 200* rjb C G 1M A FSA

Mw 0* 1500* rhypo 1- O A MI

A (N, R,
Mw 0 199 rrup C G 1M IE
S)

A (S/T,
Mw 1 195 repi 4L 2M AI
N)

Mw 1[lxi] 547[lxii] rjb C G O A PGV

Mw 2* 300* rrup C G 1M A (B) AI, CAV

Mw 30* 1000* rrup C G O F PGV

Mw 5* 800* repi 1- 1A MI

r (r
50* (F), 580* (F), rup hypo
Mw for Mw 1G 1M F, B PGV
70* (B) 540* (B)
< 6.5)

Mw 1 294 rrup 4G 1A RSD

Mw 2* 40 rhypo 1G 1M A PGV

Mw 0* 200* rjb C G 1M A FSA

500*[lxv] rrup A (R, S,

Mw 0* C V 1M PGV
N)

500*[lxviii] rrup A (R, S,

Mw 0* C D50 1M VH
N)

rrup (rhypo
A (S, N,
Mw 0* 150* for Mw C G 2M PGV
R)
≤ 5.7)
 PGV,
ML 1 600* repi I L 1M A
PGD

A (R, S,
Mw 2* 300* rrup C G 1M AI, CAV
N, F, B)

rrup for
Mw >
Mw 103 464 6.5, rhypo 1G 1B B PGV
for Mw
≤ 6.5

A (S, N,
Mw 0 200 rjb C G 1MW PGV
R)

A (R, N,
Mw 0 200 rjb C G O PGV
S)

Mw 10* 1000* rhyp 1 V3 1A PGD

A (R, S,
Mw 1* 2000* rrup C D50 2M PGV
U)
Mw 4[lxxv] 1000* rrup C D50 O A PGV

Mw 0 300 rrup C D50 O A FAS

Ms 0.1* 600* repi 1- 1A MI

Mw 0* 1000* repi 1- 1M A MI

Mw 1 293 rjb 3O 1A MP

A (R, S,
Mw 0* 300* rrup C G 1M RSD
N, U)

A (N, R,
Mw 0 190 repi 2G 1M IE
S)
Mw 1* 12 rhypo 1L 1A PGV

10* & 300* & A (C, F, PGV,

Mw rrup & rq 1V 2
10* 550* B) PGD

PGV,
Mw 0 360 rrup C U O A
PGD

rjb (repi
Mw 0* 300*[lxxviii]for C G O A PGV
some
Mw ≤ 5)

A (R, N,
Mw 0* 200* rjb 5G 1M PGV
U)

Mw 85 554 rhypo 1B 1A FSA

Mw 1 149 rrup C L, G 1A PGV

Mw 120* 1400* rhypo 4G 1B PGV

A (R, S,
Mw 0 300 rjb C V 2M PGV
N, U)
ML 1 100 repi 3 G, V 1V PGV

A (S, N,
Mw 0 200 rjb C V 1M PGV
R)

ML U U rhypo 1- O A MI

A
Mw 0* > 50 repi 1- 1 (E/G/M/ MI
W)

Mw 0 500 rrup C V 1M A MP

Mw 4 441 rjb C×C G O A PGV

rrup for
Mw >
Mw 17 400 6.5, rhypo 1V 1M F PGV
otherwis
e

Ms or Mw
for M ≥
6.5 &
8* 500* rhypo 9B 1A FSA
mb, ML
or Ms for
M < 6.5
Mw 18* 1000* rrup C D50 1M A VH

Mw (mb,
1* 280* repi 3L 1M A ISO
Ms, ML)

rhypo (rrup
Mw 0.8* 250 for Mw 1G 1M A JMA
≥ 6)

rjb, repi & A (S, N, AI, CAV,

Mw 0 200 C G 1M
rhypo R) RSD

Mw 1* 250* rjb C 1M G A PGV

Mw 0.01[lxxxiii]358[lxxxiv] rjb C G O A PGV

Mw U U rhypo 1- 1M A MI

Mw 0.2* 300* rrup C Q 1M A (N) FSA

PGV,
A (R/S,
Mw 0.3* 200* repi 2G 2M MP,
N)
CAV
 PGV,
Mw (mb) 2 100 repi 2V O A (R, S)
PGD

PGV,
ML 2.3, 1.6 19, 42 rhypo 1G 1M W
FAS

Mw (MD) 0 73 rhypo I L 1M G PGV

120* + 1300* +
Mw rhypo 4G 1F PGV
500* 1000*

Mw 1 405 repi 1- 1A MI

A (R, S,
Mw (ML) 0.6* 200* rjb (repi) 4G 1M VH
U)

Mw 3 125.52[lxxxvi]
repi 1- 1A MI

Mw (ML) 1.5* 300* rhypo I G 1M A FSA

 A (S, R,
Mw 0* 300* rrup C G 1M AI, CAV
N, HW)

Mw (Ms, repi, rhypo, A (S, R,

1* 200* 3G 2M PGV
mb) rjb & rrup U)

A (R, S,
Mw 1* 250* rjb 3 D50 O PGV
N)

rjb (repi
for M <
A (N, R,
Mw 0* 200* 5.5), rrup C D50 1M PGV
S)
(rhypo for
M < 5.5)

AI, CAV,
rrup (rhypo A (S, R, PGV,
Mw 5 350 for C A 2 N, U, B, PGD,
some) C) RSD,
VH

mb 5* 720* rhypo 1- 1A MI

Mw 7* 1000* rhyp 1 V3 1W A PGD

Mw 1* 200* repi C+5 G 1M C, B CAV

Mw (Ms, repi, rhypo, A (S, R,

1* 200* 3- 2M PGV
mb) rjb & rrup U)

repi, rhypo,
Mw 1.5* 200* 3G 1M A (R, S) VH
rrup, rjb

A (R, S,
Mw 0* 300* rrup C D50 2M CAV
N)

A (N, S,
PGV,
Mw 0 437 rrup C D50 O R, F, B,
PGD
AS)

Mw (ML) 1.5* 7* rhypo 1G O E+M PGV

A (R, S, RSD,
Mw 1* 220* rjb (repi) 3 D50 O
N) CAV, AI

rrup for
Mw >
PGV,
Mw 22 400 6.5, rhypo 1 G[xci] 1M B
VH
otherwis
e

Mw 0 545 rjb (repi) I D50 O A PGV

Mw (ML) 2* 200* rhypo 3G 1M V PGV

Mw 6* 1000* rhypo C U O F, I, C JMA

ML 1 100 rhypo 3G 1M V PGV

ML 4 200* rhypo 1A 1A PGV

Mw 2* 1000* rrup C G 1M C, (F, I) AI

Mw 2* 500* rrup C G 1M C, (F, I) RSD

A (S, R,
Mw 0.1* 300* rjb C D50 O PGV
N)

Mw 10* 1000* rhypo 1 V3 1A PGV

A (N, T,
Mw 1* 200* rjb 4G O ISO
U)
Mw 17, 22 400, 400 rrup 1Q 1M F, B RSD

Mw 0 300 rrup C G O A FSA