AUTOMATIC 123A

GEARBOX
Louver 23A

23A-1
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
General information 23A
AUTOMATIC
VEHICLE TRANSMISSION ENGINE DOWN BOX FINAL DRIVE
TYPE

XB1R DP0 067 K4M 743 52/67 21/73

Automatic gearbox identification engraving. SPECIFICATIONS

Weight: 70 kgs

Clios fitted with DP0 automatic gearbox have systems

called:"Shift Lock" and "Lock Up".

The aim of the Shift Lock is to prevent the gear

selector lever from being moved without the brake
pedal simultaneously being depressed. For repair
operations when the battery is faulty, refer to the
notice on board the vehicle.

The aim of the Lock Up is to connect the automatic

gearbox directly to the engine. This function is
performed by a "mini clutch" located on the converter.
The "Lock Up" is controlled by the DP0 computer.

Gear ratios (epicyclic gear train output):

1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4th

2.7 1.5 1 0.7

TOWING

The vehicle should preferably be towed in all cases on

a tow truck or with the front wheels raised. However, if
this is not possible, the vehicle may as an exception be
towed at a speed below 30 mph (50 km/h) for a
maximum distance of 30 miles (50 km) (lever in N).

TOWING WEIGHT

The towed weight must be less than 1 300 kg with a

braked trailer (driver only).

23A-2
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Consumables 23A
DESCRIPTION COMPONENT CONCERNED

MOLYKOTE BR2 grease Converter centring fitting

Loctite FRENBLOC Brake caliper mounting bolt

Parts always to be replaced

Parts to be replaced when they have been removed:

– self-locking nuts,
– gaskets,
– rubber seals.

Oil

The DP0 automatic gearbox is greased for life and does not require any maintenance.

It is only necessary to top up the level in the event of a slight leak.

Oil specified:

ELF RENAULTMATIC D3 SYN (to be ordered from ELF) Standard DEXRON III.

Capacity in litres

Mechanism
Total volume 6

23A-3
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Draining 23A
Special notes:
TIGHTENING TORQUES (in daNm)
The plug has two functions:
Drain plug 2.5

Filler spout 3.5 – draining (by removing the filler spout (A)),

– topping up (by removing cap (B)).

DRAINING

The automatic gearbox should preferably be

drained with the oil warm (60ºC maximum), to
remove as many impurities as possible.

The oil is drained by removing plug (A).

23A-4
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
DPO
Filling - Levels 23A
FILLING

Filling is performed through hole (D).

8 - Close the top-up plug.

PROCEDURE FOR CHECKING THE LEVEL

Use a funnel with a 15/100 filter to prevent impurities
OUTSIDE FILLING OPERATIONS
from entering the system.
The level MUST be checked following the method
described below:
FILLING PROCEDURE
1 - Position the vehicle on level ground.
1 - Position the vehicle on level ground.
2 - Fill the automatic gearbox with 0.5 litres of new
2 - Fill the automatic gearbox with 3.5 litres of new
oil.
oil.
3 - Run the engine at idle speed.
3 - Run the engine at idle speed.
Perform operations 4, 5 and 6 described previously.
4 - Connect the diagnostic tool and set up a dialogue
with the automatic gearbox computer.
If oil does not flow out or if the quantity retrieved is less
than 0.1 litres: switch off the engine, add 0.5 litres,
5 - Monitor the transmission oil temperature
allow the gearbox to cool down to 50ºC then repeat
parameter.
operations 3-4-5-6.
6 - When a temperature of 60ºC ± 1ºC is reached,
open the top-up plug.
IMPORTANT: you must reset the oil ageing
electronic counter (integrated in the computer)
7 - Position a container to retrieve at least 0.1 litre of
when the oil is changed. Enter the date of the oil
excess oil and wait until the oil flows out drop by
change using the "Write date of gearbox oil
drop.
change" command (NXR).

23A-5
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Hydraulic distributor 23A
SPECIAL TOOLING REQUIRED
B.Vi. 1462 Ball plate adjusting screw

Remove the seven mounting bolts of the hydraulic

TIGHTENING TORQUES (in daNm)
distributor.
Cover mounting bolt 1

Distributor mounting bolt 0.8

REMOVAL

Put the vehicle on a two-post lift.

Disconnect the battery.

Drain the automatic gearbox (see the relevant

Section).

Remove:
– the air filter hose,
– the four hydraulic distributor cover retaining bolts (A)
(be careful as oil may run out).

Disconnect the solenoid valve connectors and remove

the hydraulic distributor.

23A-6
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Hydraulic distributor 23A
REFITTING – remove bolt (F),
– fit the ball plate and its bracket by placing the roller in
Position the hydraulic distributor and reconnect the the hollow sector corresponding to 1st gear hold (1),
solenoid valve connectors.

Refit the mounting bolts of the hydraulic distributor as

shown below:

● Fit:
– the distributor, precentring it using bolts (4) and
(5).
– the other bolts.

● Torque tighten the bolts to 0.8 daNm in the order

1-2-3-4-5-6-7.

– position the retaining bolt (E), but do not tighten,

After refitting the hydraulic distributor, adjust the

position of the ball plate:
– Keep the gear lever in 1st gear hold, using a bolt and
clip,

– fit and tighten to a maximum B. Vi. 1462,

– tighten the ball plate retaining bolt (E) to a torque of
0.8 daNm,
– remove tool B. Vi. 1462,
– refit and tighten bolt (F) to a torque of 0.8 daNm.

Remove the hydraulic distributor cover and tighten the

bolts to a torque of 1 daNm.

23A-7
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Removal - Refitting 23A
SPECIAL TOOLING REQUIRED
Mot. 1040-01 Sub-frame support cradle
T. Av. 476 Ball joint extractor
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
Engine retaining device
Hydraulic jack

NOTE: do not move the orange ring during this

TIGHTENING TORQUES (in daNm) operation. It may be broken during removal or refitting.
Where necessary, do not replace the control cable as
Brake calliper bolt 4
the absence of this part does not affect the operation
Lower ball joint nut 5.5 of the system.

Shock absorber base bolt 18

Torque reaction arm nut 6.5

Starter motor and gearbox edge bolts 4.5

Suspended mounting nut on gearbox 4

Wheel bolt 9

Steering ball joint nut 4

Converter mounting nut on the starter

plate 3

Exchanger mounting bolt 5

Modular connector support bolt 2

REMOVAL

Put the vehicle on a two-post lift.

Disconnect the battery.

Remove:
– the battery,
– the front wheels,
– the air filter unit,
– the battery tray.

Disconnect:
– the MFS (Multifunction Switch) cable ball joint (1),
– the MFS cable (2) by releasing the sleeve stop.

23A-8
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Removal - Refitting 23A
Disconnect the modular connector (1) by releasing the Remove:
connector slide mechanism. – the engine wiring mounting bolts,
– the wiring mounting (2),
– the TDC sensor (3).
IMPORTANT:
Fit the hose clamps and disconnect the exchanger.
Protect the connector by sliding it into a
waterproof plastic bag.
Disconnect the oxygen sensor.

Remove:
– the left-hand drive shaft,
– the right-hand drive shaft,
– the steering box mountings (attach it so that it does
not obstruct anything else, without damaging the
power assisted steering pipes).

23A-9
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Removal - Refitting 23A
Disconnect the speed sensor connector. Attach the cooling assembly and remove the engine
sub-frame.
Remove:
– the starter motor, Rotate the crankshaft in a clockwise direction to
– the torque reaction arm, access the three drive plate / converter connecting
– the exhaust downpipe. bolts and remove them.

Fit the sub-frame mounting trolley (Mot. 1040-01). Remove:

– the gearbox mounting,
– the earth strap on the gearbox.

Tilt the engine/automatic gearbox assembly as far as

possible downwards.

IMPORTANT: Be careful not to damage the air

conditioning compressor.

Remove the bolts and upper studs around the edge of

the gearbox.

Position the hydraulic jack.

Remove the lower gearbox edge bolts and studs.

Disconnect the automatic gearbox from the engine,

taking care not to release the converter.

Attach the converter with a piece of string to stop it

being knocked out of place.

Fit the engine support tool.

23A-10
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Removal - Refitting 23A
REFITTING

ALWAYS USE NEW MOUNTING NUTS WHEN

REFITTING THE CONVERTER AND FLYWHEEL. IF
THE FLYWHEEL HAS BEEN REMOVED, USE NEW
MOUNTING NUTS WHEN REFITTING.

Refitting does not present any specific problems and

should be performed in the reverse order to removal.

CHECK FOR THE PRESENCE OF THE CENTRING

PINS.

Top up the oil (see relevant Section).

If replacing the oil, reset the self-adapting parameters

and reset the oil ageing counter in the automatic
gearbox computer using the diagnostic tool.

23A-11
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Differential output seal 23A
SPECIAL TOOLING REQUIRED
B. Vi. 1459 Tool for fitting the right-hand
driveshaft seal
B. Vi. 1460 Tool for fitting the left-hand
driveshaft seal

Uncouple the corresponding driveshaft

TIGHTENING TORQUES (in daNm)
Remove the faulty differential output seal using a
Brake calliper bolt 4
screwdriver or a hook, taking care not to scratch the
Lower ball joint nut 5.5 contact surfaces.

Shock absorber base bolt 18 Warning: do not drop the spring of the seal into the
automatic gearbox.
Wheel bolt 9
Steering ball joint nut 4
REFITTING
Drain plug 2.5
Fitting the seal is carried out using B. Vi.1459 for the
right-hand side and, B. Vi. 1460 for the left-hand side.
The relevant driveshaft must be removed to replace a
differential output seal. Guide the assembly until the tool is touching the
automatic gearbox housing.

REMOVAL Refit in the reverse order to removal.

Put the vehicle on a two-post lift. TIGHTEN ALL NUTS, BOLTS AND STUDS TOTHE
RECOMMENDED TORQUE.
Disconnect the battery.
Fill the automatic gearbox and check the level (see
Drain the automatic gearbox through the plug (A). relevant section.)

23A-12
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Converter seal 23A
SPECIAL TOOLING REQUIRED
B. Vi. 1457 Tool for fitting the converter seal
Mot. 587 Seal extractor

The converter seal can only be removed after having

removed the automatic gearbox and the converter
(see relevant Section).

REMOVAL

Remove the converter, keeping it as straight as

possible.

Warning: the converter contains a large amount of oil

which may escape when it is being removed.

Using tool Mot. 587, remove the seal, taking care not
to scratch the contact surfaces.

REFITTING

Great care must be taken during the operation. Oil all

the contact surfaces.

Refit the new (lubricated) seal, ensuring it is correctly

located, using the B. Vi. 1457 tool.

Check that the converter is correctly positioned.

23A-13
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Multifunction switch 23A
TIGHTENING TORQUES (in daNm)

Multifunction switch mounting bolt 1

Lever mounting nut 1

REMOVAL

Place the lever in position D.

Remove:
– the air filter hose,
– the engine wiring mounting (1).

– the mounting bolts for the modular connector plate

then take out the multifunction switch connector
(12-track).

Disconnect the gear selection cable ball joint from the

multifunction switch.

Remove:
– the lever and the two multifunction switch mounting
REFITTING
bolts,
– the three modular connector plate mounting bolts (3),
Place the multifunction switch in position D.

Reconnect the connector of the multifunction switch.

23A-14
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Multifunction switch 23A
ADJUSTMENT

Control shaft in the NEUTRAL position:

Place the two electrical terminals on the position

control tabs.

Manually rotate the multifunction switch until the

electrical adjustment contact closes (resistance at
contact terminals = 0 Ω).

Tighten the bolts to a torque of 1 daNm.

AFTER TIGHTENING, THE ELECTRICAL CONTACT

MUST BE CLOSED.

TIGHTEN ALL NUTS, BOLTS AND STUDS TO THE

RECOMMENDED TORQUE.

Check that it works and that the gears can be changed

correctly.

23A-15
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Sensors 23A
Special note on REMOVAL:
TIGHTENING TORQUES (in daNm)
When replacing a sensor, systematically remove the
Input speed sensor mounting bolt 1
modular connector (see Section on removing / refitting
Output speed sensor mounting bolt 1 the automatic gearbox).

Exchanger flow control solenoid valve

bolt 1
IMPORTANT:
Line pressure sensor bolt 0.8 Protect the connector by sliding it into a
waterproof plastic bag.

Remove the following:

– the speed sensors,
– the line pressure sensor,
– the exchanger flow control solenoid valve,
without draining and without removing the
automatic gearbox.

1 Input speed sensor

2 Output speed sensor

3 Exchanger flow control solenoid valve

4 Line pressure sensor

23A-16
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Solenoid valves 23A
The solenoid valves are removed after removing the
hydraulic distributor (see relevant Section).

1 Modulation
solenoid valve Lock-up solenoid valve
2 Lock-up LOCK UP solenoid valve
solenoid valve (converter lock-up)
3 Sequence
solenoid valve 4 Sequence solenoid valve
4 Sequence
solenoid valve 3 Sequence solenoid valve
5 Sequence
solenoid valve 1 Sequence solenoid valve
6 Sequence
solenoid valve 2 Sequence solenoid valve
7 Sequence
solenoid valve 6 Sequence solenoid valve
8 Sequence
solenoid valve 5 Sequence solenoid valve

23A-17
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Computer 23A
REPLACING THE COMPUTER

Programming procedure for the accelerator pedal full load and no load positions.

When replacing the automatic gearbox computer, the full load and no load accelerator pedal positions must be
programmed in using the following procedure:

– Shift the selector lever to P or N and keep the engine switched off.

CLIP:

– Enter dialogue with the automatic gearbox computer,

– Select the relevant command.

NXR:

– Enter dialogue with the automatic gearbox computer,

– Select the No load - Full load position command.

Procedure for resetting the automatic gearbox oil ageing level.

The automatic gearbox oil ageing value from the computer to be replaced must be entered in the new computer
when the automatic gearbox computer is replaced. Use the following procedure:

CLIP:

– Enter dialogue with the automatic gearbox computer,

– Select the relevant command.

NXR:

– From the memory of the computer to be replaced, read the oil ageing value using the "Read oil counter" command.
– Replace the computer.
– Enter the oil ageing value in the memory of the new computer using the "Write oil counter" command.
– Check that it has been entered using the "Read oil counter" command.

23A-18
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Modular connector 23A
TRACK NUMBERING

2
1 - GREEN connector (Multifunction switch)

2 - YELLOW connector (Electronic hydraulic

interface)

3 - GREEN connector (line pressure)

3
4 - YELLOW connector (turbine speed)

5 - BLUE connector (vehicle speed)

23A-19
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Line pressure tapping 23A

The oil pressure tapping is located next to the

pressure sensor.

Use the B. vi. 1275.01.

Remove bolts (V) and fit the end piece corresponding

to B. vi. 1275.01

23A-20
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Selector control 23A
REMOVING THE GEAR SELECTOR LEVER

Place the vehicle on a lift.

Disconnect the battery.

Inside the vehicle, remove the central console.

Disconnect the connectors (1)

From beneath the vehicle, remove:

– the exhaust downpipe mounting clamp,
– the heat shields,
– the plate protecting the lever,
– the four lever mounting bolts,
– the control cable (3) from its ball joint.
REFITTING THE GEAR SELECTOR LEVER
Remove the lever, taking off the control cable sleeve
mounting clip (4) at the same time. Proceed in the reverse order to removal.

Adjust the gear selector cable at the multifunction

switch (see method on the earlier page).

Refit the heat shields correctly.

23A-21
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Selector control 23A
REMOVING THE CONTROL CABLE

Place the vehicle on a lift.

Turn the ring (B) to remove the cable from the cable
sleeve stop.

DO NOT MOVE THE ORANGE RING DURING THIS

OPERATION.

REFITTING

Proceed in the reverse order to removal.

The gear selector cable has a precise setting.

Press on the slide valve (T), then lock it in position

using the clip.

Reconnect the cable to the multifunction switch ball

joint in position D of the gear selector and the
multifunction switch.

Move the clip to lock it in position. The adjustment has

been made.

NOTE: The orange ring may be broken during

From beneath the vehicle, remove: removal or refitting. If this happens, DO NOT
– the exhaust downpipe clamp, REPLACE THE CONTROL CABLE, as its absence
– the heat shields, will not affect the operation of the system.
– the four control lever mounting bolts.
Refit the heat shields correctly.
Remove clip (1).

Refit the lever with a bolt so as not to damage it.

Remove the plate protecting the lever.

Remove the gear control cable.

23A-22
 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX
Selector control 23A
REMOVING THE GEAR SELECTOR LEVER KNOB REFITTING

Place the vehicle on a lift. Refit the gear lever knob and the mounting bolt.

Disconnect the battery.

The knob should only be replaced after the selector

lever is removed (see previous page).

Remove the knob mounting bolt.

Mark the position of the wires and remove them from

the connector (1).

IMPORTANT: Do not cross the wires.

Cut the wires level with the terminals and remove them
from the cable sleeve.

Remove the knob from the control lever.

ALLOCATION OF THE CONNECTOR TRACKS (1)

Insert the wires into the protective sleeve.

Track Colour
Crimp the new terminals.
A1 Black
A2 Black
Replace these into the connector observing their
B1 White
position.
B2 Light brown
Refit the gear lever in the reverse order to removal.

23A-23
 129A
DRIVESHAFTS
General information 29A
SPECIFICATIONS

Driveshaft seal
Engines Gearboxes
Left Right

K4M JB3 GE 86 + GI 69 GE 86 + RC 462

CONSUMABLES

Type Quantity Component concerned

RHODORSEAL Coat Gearbox side driveshaft roll pin

MOBIL OIL
180 g
55911L 611 GE 86
Part no.: 77 01 366 100
(supplied with the repair kit)

SHELL STAMINA 0233 grease

110 cm 3 RC 462
(supplied with the repair kit)

29A-1
 DRIVESHAFTS
Front driveshaft 29A
SPECIAL TOOLING REQUIRED
B. Vi. 31-01 Drift punch
Rou. 604-01 Hub locking tool
T. Av. 476 Ball joint extractor
T. Av. 1050-02 Driveshaft extractor

On both sides
TIGHTENING TORQUES (in daNm)
Remove:
Driveshaft nut 28
– the track rod end nut and extract the shaft: tool
Mounting bolt for gaiter on gearbox. 2.5 T. Av. 476,
– the upper bolt of the shock absorber base.
Wheel bolts 9
Push back the driveshaft: tool T. Av. 1050-02 (if
Shock absorber base nuts 18
necessary).
Brake caliper mounting bolt 10
Remove the lower bolt of the shock absorber base and
Track rod end nut 3.7 extract the driveshaft.

REMOVAL

Put the vehicle on a two post lift.

Drain the gearbox.

Remove:
– the brake assembly (suspend it from the chassis),
– the driveshaft nut: tool Rou. 604-01.

Left-hand side

Remove the three bolts on the gearbox.

29A-2
 DRIVESHAFTS
Front driveshaft 29A
REFITTING

Left-hand side:

Fit the driveshaft as flatly as possible.

Right-hand side:

Coat the splines of the joint on the gearbox side with

MOLYKOTE BR2 grease.

Engage the driveshaft

On both sides:

Fit the driveshaft stub axle into the hub. It should go in

easily.

Then proceed in the reverse order to removal

observing the tightening torques.

Top up the gearbox oil.

Depress the brake pedal repeatedly to bring the piston

into contact with the brake shoes.

29A-3
 DRIVESHAFTS
Left-hand
driveshaft
Front driveshaft 29A
SPECIAL TOOLING REQUIRED
T. Av. 1168 CAILLAU clip pliers
T. Av. 1256 OETIKER crimping pliers
T. Av. 1331 Tool for holding driveshaft
bearing gaiter in position

REPLACEMENT OF THE GAITER ON THE REFITTING

GEARBOX SIDE
For its correct positioning on the shaft, the bearing
GI 69 seal must be fitted to obtain a distance of L = 118 ± 0.2 mm
between the rear part of the bearing and the end of the
1 Spider shaft.
2 Rubber gaiter
3 Bearing guide This measurement is obtained using the tool
4 Retainer T. Av. 1331 when its extremity is level with the shaft.
5 Deflector
6 Circlip
7 Propeller shaft

NOTE: in order to prevent deformation of the bearing

with a lip seal, and therefore any risk of leakage, do
not press it on using a hammer. Use a press instead in
order to apply progressive pressure.
REMOVAL
The driveshaft is held in the press using slot (G) with
Remove the circlip. an extractor.

On the press, remove the spider using an extractor. Replace the spider in the position marked on removal
and refit the retaining circlip.
NOTE: mark the position of the spider before
extracting it.

Remove the gaiter and bearing deflector assembly in

the same way as for the spider.

29A-4
 DRIVESHAFTS
Left-hand
driveshaft
Front driveshaft 29A
REPLACEMENT OF THE GAITER ON THE WHEEL Remove the gaiter and replace it with a new one.
SIDE
Divide the recommended quantity of grease between
GE 86 SEAL the gaiter and the stub axle bowl.

1 Stub axle bowl NOTE: the volume of grease specified in the

2 Retaining star consumables section must be observed.
3 Spider
4 Yoke shaft Position the two gaiter beads in the stub axle bowl
5 Thermoplastic gaiter grooves.
6 Clips
7 Spring Set the quantity of air in the gaiter.
8 Pushrod
9 Shim Fit and tighten the clips.
10 ABS target

REMOVAL

Join together the two clips (6) taking care not to

damage the stub axle bowl grooves.

Remove as much grease as possible.

To replace the thermoplastic gaiter, it will be necessary

to remove the parts on the gearbox side (GI 69 seal)
(see method described above).

29A-5
 DRIVESHAFTS
Left-hand
driveshaft
Front driveshaft 29A
REPLACEMENT OF THE GAITER ON THE REFITTING
GEARBOX SIDE
Lubricate the driveshaft slightly in order to facilitate the
RC 462 SEAL fitting of the gaiter (position the smaller diameter of the
gaiter in the groove of the driveshaft).
1 Yoke sleeve
2 Spider Replace the spider in the position marked on removal
3 Locking spring ring and replace the locking spring ring.
4 Gaiter
5 Clips Make three crimping points at 120°° by forcing back the
metal of the splines on the driveshaft.

Fit the yoke sleeve onto the spider.

Divide the quantity of grease between the gaiter and

the yoke sleeve.

Position the gaiter correctly on its grooves.

Introduce a blunt rod with a rounded edge between the

gaiter and the yoke sleeve, in order to measure the
quantity of air contained inside the joint.

Lengthen or shorten the joint until you obtain the

measurement A = 190 mm (measurement taken
between the end of the joint and the face of the smaller
diameter of the yoke sleeve).

In this position, remove the rod.

REMOVAL

Cut the two clips (5) taking care not to damage the
groove of the yoke sleeve.

Remove as much grease as possible.

Remove the yoke sleeve.

Remove the locking spring ring.

IMPORTANT: never use solvent for cleaning the

components.
Refit the clips using the recommended tooling.
On the press, extract the spider using a releasing type
extractor.

NOTE: mark the position of the spider before

extracting it.

29A-6
 DRIVESHAFTS
Left-hand
driveshaft
Front driveshaft 29A
REPLACEMENT OF THE GAITER ON THE WHEEL NOTE: certain right-hand driveshafts are fitted with
SIDE vibration absorbers. Replace the whole driveshaft if
the thermoplastic gaiter is damaged.
GE 86 SEAL
Remove the gaiter and replace with a new one.
1 Stub axle bowl
2 Retaining star Divide the recommended quantity of grease between
3 Spider the gaiter and the stub axle bowl.
4 Yoke shaft
5 Thermoplastic gaiter NOTE: the volume of grease specified in the
6 Clips consumables section must be observed.
7 Spring
8 Pushrod Position the two gaiter beads in the stub axle bowl
9 Shim grooves.
10 ABS target
Set the quantity of air in the gaiter.

Fit and tighten the clips.

REMOVAL

Join together the two clips (6) taking care not to

damage the stub axle bowl grooves.

Remove as much grease as possible.

To replace the thermoplastic gaiter, it will be necessary

to remove the parts on the gearbox side (RC 462 seal)
(see method described above).

29A-7