Seminar P111

Introduction to Pneumatics
Problem Sheet PS/No. 1

Preparation of Compressed Air

Problem:

In a certain semiconductor plant, the following condition

exist on the intake side of the compressor:

Intake temperature - 28oC

Relative humidity - 70%
Volume of air drawn - 1,000 m3/h

After compressing air to 7 bar, temperature rises to 40oC.

Determine the following:

a) Quantity of water before compression

b) Quantity of water after compression
c) Quantity of water occurring in the production area
d) Total amount of water precipitated in the system
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Work Sheet PS/No. 1

Preparation of Compressed Air

a) Quantity of water before compression:

At 28oC, the amount of water is:
100% =_________g/m3 (Fig. 39, p.40)
Hence 70% =_________g/m3
Thus, at 1000 m3/h = _________g water/h

b) Quantity of water after compression:

The temperature rises to 40oC
The absolute humidity =_________g/m3 (Fig. 39, p.40)
Air compressed to 7 bar will have compressed
volume = _________ m3/h
water content = _________ g water/h

c) Quantity of water occurring in the production area:

The temperature drops to 20oC
The absolute humidity =_________g/m3 (Fig. 39, p.40)
With compressed volume of 150 m3/h,
water content = _________ g water/h

d) Total amount of water precipitated in a system:

________ g/h + ________ g/h = __________ g water/h

 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Problem Sheet PS/No. 3

Removal of single work pieces

from a drop magazine
Problem:

Using a single-acting cylinder, work pieces are to be fed

into a jig from a gravity magazine.

The piston rod is to extend when a push button is pressed

and return to the start position when the push button is
released.

Positional sketch:
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Solution Sheet PS/No. 3

Removal of Single Work piece from a drop magazine

Control Circuit:

1 3
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Problem Sheet PS/No. 4

Bending Device
Problem:

Pieces of sheet metal are to be U-formed using a single-acting

cylinder.

The start signal is to be given using a push button.

Cylinder diameter 150 mm and stroke 100 mm.

Positional sketch:
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Solution Sheet PS/No. 4

Bending Device

Control Circuit:

1 3

1 3
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Problem Sheet PS/No. 5

Distribution of Crates
Problem:

The roller track is to be swiveled by means of a double-acting

cylinder.

The signals to extend and to retract are given from separate

push buttons. The cylinder is to remain in the position indicated
by the last signal until an opposing signal is given.

Positional sketch:
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Solution Sheet PS/No. 5

Distribution of Crates

Control Circuit:

4 2

14 12

5 3
1

2 2

1 3 1 3
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Problem Sheet PS/No. 6

Ejecting a work piece

Problem:

Using a double-acting cylinder a work piece is removed and

tipped onto conveyor belt.

The operation is to be started using a push button. An

acknowledgement signal is required when the piston is fully
extended, to ensure that the work piece has been tipped onto
the belt.

The return stroke is to be automatic.

Positional sketch:
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Solution Sheet PS/No. 6

Ejecting a Work piece

Control Circuit:
LS

4 2

14 12

5 3
1

2 2

LS

1 3 1 3
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Problem Sheet PS/No. 7

Isolating of boxes
Problem:

Boxes (or certain production parts) are moved by a double-acting

cylinder away from a gravity-feed magazine towards an assembly
device.

A push button and a pedal switch are to be incorporated in the

circuit. The cylinder is to move out when either of these is
actuated.

The return stroke is actuated by the cylinder rod after it reaches

the end of the forward stroke.
Positional sketch:
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Solution Sheet PS/No. 7

Isolating of Boxes

Control Circuit:
1.0 LS

1.1 4 2

14 12

2 5 3
1.6
1 1 1

1.2 2 1.4 2 1.3 2

LS

1 3 1 3 1 3
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Problem Sheet PS/No. 9

Sliding Gate
Problem:

A gate is to be controlled pneumatically. The gate is to be

opened or closed by means of four (4) push buttons “Open”
and “Close” two being inside and two outside. Opening
And closing should be slow and separately adjustable.

Cylinder diameter 150 mm and stroke 500 mm

Positional sketch:
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Solution Sheet PS/No. 9

Sliding Gate

Control Circuit:
1.0
5 0%

5 0%

1.01 1.02

1.1 4 2

14 12

2 5 3 2
1.6 1.7
1 1 1 1 1

2 2 2 2
1.2 1.4 1.3 1.5

1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Problem Sheet PS/No. 10

Toggle lever clamp

Problem:

The clamping of a work piece is to be controlled by either of two

Push buttons. A further push button is to control declamping.

Additional conditions:
a) clamping is only possible when a work piece is present
b) declamping is to be interlocked during drilling
c) the clamping speed is to be slow and adjustable
d) declamping is to be very fast

Positional sketch:
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Solution Sheet PS/No. 10

Toggle Lever Clamp

Control Circuit:
1.0

2
1.01 1.02
1
5 0%

1.1 4 2

14 12

5 3
1

1.10 2 1.7 2
1 1 1 1

1.3 2 2 1.5
1 .5
1.8 2
1 1 1 3 1 3

1.2 2 1.4 2 1.6 2

1 .6

1 3 1 3 1 3
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Problem Sheet PS/No. 11

Embossing of scales
on plastic ruler
Problem:

A double-acting cylinder is to be used to emboss plastic rulers.

The cylinder may only extend when the ruler is present and either
a push button or a pedal switch is actuated.

The return stroke of the cylinder is to occur automatically after

the forward end position and the preset pressure have been
reached.

Positional sketch:
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Solution Sheet PS/No. 11

Embossing of Scales on Plastic Ruler

Control Circuit:
5 0% 1.0 L S1

4 2
1.1
14 12

5 3
1
1.8
2 2
1.5
RUL ER

1 3

1.6 2 3
1 1

12 1

1.2 2 1.4 2 1.3 2

L S1

1 3 1 3 1 3
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Problem Sheet PS/No. 12

Cementing press
Problem:

A push button is to control the forward stroke. After the piston

rod has reached the forward end position, the components are to
be pressed together for 20 seconds. Then the piston rod is to
return automatically to the initial position.

Additional conditions:

The return stroke must occur even if the start push button is still
pressed.

A new start signal may only become effective after the initial
position has been reached and after the push button has been
released.

Positional sketch:
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Solution Sheet PS/No. 12

Cementing Press

Control Circuit:
1.0 1 .6 1 .3

1.1 4 2

14 12

5 3
1.6 1
2

1 .6

1 3

1.4 2 1.5 2

10 12

9 0% 3 5 0% 3
1 1

1.2 2 1.3 2

1 .3

1 3 1 3
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Problem Sheet PS/No. 13

Press Control
Problem:

Steel bolts are to be pressed using a double-acting cylinder.

In order to meet safety requirements, a two-hand safety control

valve is to be used. This means that to obtain a signal, the two
push buttons must be pressed within a period of 0.5 seconds.
The cylinder rod is to retract immediately when one or both push
buttons are released.

Positional sketch:
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Solution Sheet PS/No. 13

Press Control

Control Circuit: 1.0

1.1 4 2

14

5 3
1.12 2
1

10

9 0% 3
1

2
1.10 1.8 2
1 1

1 3

1.6 2
1 1

1.2 2 1.4 2

1 3 1 3
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Problem Sheet PS/No. 14

Distribution of workpieces
1. Define conditions in tabular form
2. Draw circuit diagram

Problem:

The arriving workpieces are distributed to four conveyors by

means of a switching section.

Shifting to the required position is initiated by pushbuttons and

must be possible in any sequence.

Positional sketch:
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Solution Sheet PS/No. 14

Distribution of Workpieces

Control Circuit:

4 2 4 2

5 3 5 3
1 1
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

2 2 2 2

1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Problem Sheet PS/No. 16

Lifting device for boxes

1. Draw circuit diagram
2. Number elements in circuit diagram
3. Construct control

Problem:

The boxes arrive on a roller conveyor and are lifted by

cylinder 1.0, cylinder 2.0 pushes the boxes onto the second
roller conveyor.

Cylinder 2.0 shall not return until cylinder 1.0 has reached
the retracted position.

Positional sketch:
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Solution Sheet PS/No. 16

Lifting Device for Boxes

Control Circuit:

L S1 L S2 L S3 L S4

4 2 4 2

14 12 14 12

5 3 5 3
1 1

L S3

1 3

2 2 2 2

L S4 L S2 L S1

1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Problem Sheet PS/No. 17

Bending Tool
Problem:

Sheet metal is to be beaded on a pneumatically actuated bending

rig. After it has been clamped, the piece is initially bent by a
double-acting cylinder 1.0 and subsequently bent into the
finished form by cylinder 2.0. The sequence is initiated manually
by a push button.

The circuit must be so constructed that each time a start signal is

given a full cycle is completed.
Positional sketch:
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Solution Sheet PS/No. 17

Bending Tool

Control Circuit:

1.0 L S1 L S2 2.0 L S3

1.1 4 2 2.1 4 2

14 12 14 12

5 3 5 3
1 1

2.4 2

10

9 5% 3
1

1.2 2 1.3 2 2.2 2 2.3 2

L S2 L S1 L S3

1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3
 Seminar P111
Introduction to Pneumatics
Solution Sheet PS/No. 17

Bending Tool

Control Circuit:

1.0 L S1 L S2 2.0 L S3

1.1 4 2 2.1 4 2

14 12 14 12

5 3 5 3
1 1

2.4 2

1 3

1.2 1.3 2.2 2.3

2 2 2 2

L S2 L S1 L S3

1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3