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Amazon Web Services

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Table of Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................1
Types of Cloud Computing.........................................................................................................................1
Infrastructure...............................................................................................................................................3
Security.......................................................................................................................................................4
AWS Cloud Platform..................................................................................................................................5
AWS Management Console....................................................................................................................5
AWS Command Line Interface (CLI).....................................................................................................6
Application Integration............................................................................................................................6
Amazon Software Development Kits (SDKs).........................................................................................7
Analytics.................................................................................................................................................7
AWS Cost Management..........................................................................................................................9
AWS Blockchain...................................................................................................................................11
Business Applications............................................................................................................................11
Compute................................................................................................................................................12
Databases...............................................................................................................................................13
Developer Tools....................................................................................................................................13
AWS Internet of Things (IoT)...............................................................................................................14
Machine Learning (ML)........................................................................................................................14
AWS Mobile.........................................................................................................................................15
AWS Robotics.......................................................................................................................................15
AWS Satellite........................................................................................................................................15
AWS Storage.........................................................................................................................................15
AWS Security and Identity....................................................................................................................16
Growth and Profitability............................................................................................................................16
Applications..............................................................................................................................................16
Conclusions...............................................................................................................................................17
References.................................................................................................................................................18
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Introduction
Amazon launched Amazon Web Services (AWS) to businesses on March 14, 2006, by offering
cloud computing services in what was then known as Information Technology (IT) infrastructure services
in the form of web services. The web services included Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3),
Simple Queue Service (SQS), and Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2). Amazon S3 offered object
storage through a web interface. The SQS services included distributed message queuing services s that
support programmed messaging through a web application. The EC2 services allow users to rent virtual
computers over the internet, to run their applications. AWS revolutionized how businesses access
computing services, essentially by minimizing the financial pressures of capital infrastructure investments
(Amazon AWS, 2020). By offering low variable costs, small, medium, and large businesses could scale up
quickly by taking their computing processes to the cloud. For example, the cloud services eliminate the
need for longstanding investment and maintenance planning for IT infrastructure; instead, AWS offers
access to services and other IT resources within a short time. Today, AWS offers more than 212 cloud
services, including cloud computing storage, security, database, mobile, internet of Things (IoT),
analytics, networking, and application services (Amazon AWS, 2020). Most of AWS resources are not
directly accessible by end-users through their computing applications, but their functionality is enabled by
Application Program Interfaces (APIs) for users seeking to use their services. In 2020, AWS is considered
as one of the most reliable, low-cost, and scalable cloud infrastructure offering web services to a myriad
of users across the world.

Types of Cloud Computing

Cloud computing services allow end-users to access IT infrastructure and resources such as storage,
servers, databases, and other applications on-demand basis, through the internet (Amazon AWS, 2020).
AWS is an example of cloud service platforms that runs and manages network connected systems that
support application services over the web. Therefore, end-users such as IT departments and developers
leverages cloud computing to focus on other intricate processes such as planning, maintenance, and
procurement management. The adoption of cloud computing services has surged significantly, and this
manifest with the advent of different cloud computing models and delivery strategies. The choice of cloud
computing services depends on the type of cloud service infrastructure and models available (Bankar,
2018). The most common cloud computing delivery models are discussed below.

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

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IaaS is a cloud computing type that offers instant virtual computing infrastructure and resources
over the internet. The resources include storage, servers, operating systems, network, and virtualized
technology. IaaS is entirely self-service, meaning that users can access the services on-demand as
opposed to acquiring hardware and software systems outright (Tanmay and Borse, 2018). One of the key
strengths of IaaS is unmatched flexibility and autonomy in the control and management of IT resources
by the end-users (Mishra, 2019). The IaaS services are usually delivered to IT departments through APIs or
a dashboard, allowing the users to have the same capabilities and access to technologies as a conventional
data center, but without the need to physically run and maintain hardware components. IaaS users have
the choice of accessing storage and servers directly, although they are all virtually outsourced.

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

PaaS provides certain software with cloud components mainly for application. PaaS provides users
with a platform upon which to create customized applications. In this model, all cloud resources such as
storage, database, networks, and servers can be managed to by a third party provider or the enterprise
while the end-users can run and maintain applications (Tanmay and Borse, 2018). PaaS and IaaS are similar
in their design, but PaaS provides a platform for developers as opposed to delivering software to users
over the internet. The PaaS platform is providers over the web, enabling developers to focus on software
development elements without concerns of the operating system, storage, IT infrastructure, and software
updates.

Businesses using PaaS can design and develop applications that require special software
constituents. The strength of PaaS-developed applications is that there are very scalable and have high
availability, depending on specific developers' requirements (Mishra, 2019). Therefore, irrespective of the
business size, PaaS is a cost-effective and scalable platform for development. Developers can use the
platform without the hassle of maintaining or updating software components.

Software as a Service (SaaS)

SaaS represents the most utilized type of cloud computing service. The cloud application services
option uses the internet to deliver a broad range of applications to the user. Third-party vendors manage
the applications, but the end-users run the apps on their web browsers, meaning that they do not have to
download or install on their end (Kavis, 2014). As opposed to other cloud service delivery models, SaaS is
managed from a centralized position, hosted remotely, accessible through the internet, and end-users do
not the responsibility of managing and updating hardware and software components (Kavis, 2014). SaaS is
useful in different situations, especially for short-term projects that demand speedy and simplified
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collaboration, or when companies need to launch e-commerce strategies quickly and have limited
resources to acquire server and hardware systems. Adopting SaaS presents substantial advantages to
companies and employees by significantly reducing time and money spend on repetitive tasks such as
software installation, management, and upgrade. As such, users free up most of their time for technical
activities within the organizations they represent.

Infrastructure
Amazon has continuously utilized distributed IT infrastructure, an arrangement that allows the
company’s development team to have on-demand access servers, storage and computing resources,
increasing agility, and general productivity (Amazon AWS, 2020). The current cloud computing
infrastructure for AWS is a culmination of Amazon’s continued investment in developing and managing
efficient and reliable IT resources on a large scale. The advent of the AWS was intended to allow other
organizations in benefiting from extensive decentralized transactional IT infrastructure. Since 2006, AWS
has grown significantly to serve many customers across the world. Today, millions of customers in over
190 countries can use Amazon web service platforms to execute their business functions, essentially by
utilizing storage and other computing power in minutes.

The AWS infrastructure is developed on the availability and accessibility bases. The AWS Global
Cloud Infrastructure offers a cloud platform for more than 175 services through globally distributed data
centers. The infrastructure spans across 24 geographical regions and 76 Availability Zones globally, and
Amazon plans to launch 3 more geographical regions in Spain, Indonesia and Japan, and 9 more
Availability Zones (Amazon AWS, 2020).

Amazon's geographical regions are designed in complete isolation from each other to ensure
stability and possible intolerance to on-demand service delivery. While every Availability Zone is, they
are connected through low-latency networks. AWS provides users with cloud computing flexibility within
different geographical regions and can store data in more than one Availability Zone in a region. This link
ensures that the possible failure of one Availability Zone does not affect the performance of others in the
same region. This means that AWS infrastructure is availed based on metropolitan region =s as
categorized in the AWS Global Infrastructure and the separation of Availability Zones differs from region
to region.

Serving millions of customers and partnering with thousands of associates globally, AWS is
considered as the most dynamic and largest ecosystem; it connects customers across nearly every public
sector, enterprise, including small, medium, and large organizations.
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Security
AWS security is the most critical consideration in the design and delivery of cloud computing
infrastructure and resources. The core infrastructure is custom-made and designed to match the demand
for stringent security in the world of computing. The around the clock monitoring ensures that AWS
maintains the highest security standards, including availability, integrity, and confidentiality of data. User
data across the AWS’s network that links Regions and Zones to the datacenters is spontaneously
encrypted in the physical layer of Amazon’s secured hubs. One of the selling points for AWS is building
the cloud computing on a secure infrastructure, maintaining control of the data, including the ability to
encrypt, move and manage data, while still maintaining retention across all times. Indeed, security in the
cloud environment is almost similar to the on-premise requirements, but without the monetary
commitment in maintains hardware and software components (Bankar, 2018). The cloud services provide
software-based security tools to track and protect the movement of data in and out of cloud resources.

AWS provides an advantage over on-premise security because it allows users to innovate and scale
operations while maintaining security if data and only spending on the services used. This advantage
implies that businesses utilizing AWS can have security for their small or large datasets and at a lower
cost compared to the on-premise arrangements. Joining the AWS platforms means that customers receive
the best and proven practices that define operational, architectural, and policies to match the demand for
secure computing platforms. Bypassing the burden of security and management of hardware and software
components to Amazon, customers get a window to focus on agility and flexibility required for
performance.

In particular, the design of the AWS Cloud allows for shared responsibilities in the management of
security in the cloud environment. The end users also enjoy a significant share of responsibility to ensure
the security of information maintained with AWS. This model creates a room for end-users to determine
the nature of security protocols to initiate, and retail control for the protection of applications, platforms,
content, networks, and systems, meaning that the control enjoyed at the on-premise centers is replicated
in the cloud platform. While it is conceivable that not all users are likely to have the expertise and
experience with AWS, Amazon avails the necessary tutorials and rules through online resources and
partners to guarantee seamless navigation of the systems. The resources also cover current security issues
and provide recourse for users should they experience unexpected issues.

One of the salient security capabilities for AWS is the design around Strategic Security to prevent,
detect, respond, and remediate security issues. The AWS is developed by top-notch security experts,
ensuring the infrastructure is always monitored and maintained through a range of innovative security
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protocols to help users meet the regulatory and security needs. The integrated security systems fuse
security solutions and services to provide strategic value to clients, promoting optimal security posture.
Some of the assurance programs that promote compliance include ISO 9001, ISO 27018, and ISO 27001.
These and other assurance programs allow for the alignment of AWS infrastructure with the existing
range of best IT security practices and standards.

AWS Cloud Platform

The different organizational needs for cloud services influenced the design of AWS services
tailored to specific needs. The services are designed around scalability, reliability, and flexibility. The
diverse range of AWS services are explained in the following subsections

AWS Management Console

This is one web interface that allows users to access all the AWS into computing devices such as
personal computers and mobile phones. The salient features of the console are security and ease of access
to the web-based interface through which users can explore new services, develop new applications,
manage accounts and learn how to navigate the portal (Amazon AWS, 2020). The console offers more than
150 AWS services, most of which are open-source, and support cloud-based computing as supported by
any data center across the world.

To access and use the AWS Management Console, a user needs to first create an AWS account, and
start building the production solution through the management console. Clients can also use a supported
browser or AWS Console app on smartphone to access and view resources such as CloudWatch, and
execute operational processes on the devices. With the console, it becomes easy to configure services,
find new services, and view service usage, in addition to building applications, troubleshooting, and
updating applications and solutions. The console comes with CloudFormation, API, CLI, and other tools
that allow for the development of a scalable architecture. The shared model allows for the user
involvement in the customization of experience and organization of resources and projects based on
specific user needs.

AWS Command Line Interface (CLI)

The CLI is an AWS united tool that manages AWS services from the command line and use scripts
to automate them. A user needs to make a one-time download and configuration to enable control of
multiple services through file commands, and efficient file movement in and out of Amazon S3. The most
basic requirements for access to CLI is a computing device supporting 64-bits Windows OS, or macOS,
Linux or Amazon Linux, each coming with specific installers.
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CLI uses the AWS-shell command line, Amazon in-house developed program that provides users
with productivity and convenience features to navigate the interface. The AWS Command Line Interface
User Guide to walk users through the initial stages such as installation and configuration of the CLI.

Application Integration
AWS allows for the unification of different applications to enable the coordination of web-based
computing services. The different integrated applications are explained in the subsections below;

AWS Step Functions

This application allows users to coordinate a manifold of AWS services, allowing for a seamless
workflow without the need for a server, enabling for a speedy building and updating of apps. The Step
Functions allow for the sewing of AWS services such as Amazon ECS and AWS Lambda into a
collective set of applications with powerful features. Step Functions enable a simpler development of an
application because it converts workflow into a state machine diagram for easy understanding and making
changes.

Amazon MQ
This is a managed message agent service supporting Apache ActiveMQ, simplifying the installation
and operation of communication brokers in the AWS environment. Amazon MQ enables various software
systems to communicate, usually from different platforms, and using varied programming languages. It
eases the user's involvement in the operationalization of message brokers by managing the ActiveMQ
processes such as setup and maintenance. One of the strongest features of Amazon MQ is that it supports
industry policies and standards, meaning that users need not to rewrite messaging code.

Amazon Simple Workflow (SWF)

SWF service allows developers to create, execute, and scale tasks with successive or parallel
processes. It operates as a task coordinator and tracker of task status in the cloud environment. SWF is
most ideal when the applications need to process a step in less than 500 milliseconds, in order to track the
state of task processing. Also, the service allows for retrial and recovery of fail tasks.

Amazon Simple Queue Services (Amazon SQS)

Amazon SQS is a messaging queuing offering that allows users to scale and distributed
microservices, applications, and distributed systems on a serverless platform. SQS reduces the intricacy
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and costs associated with the management and operation of message related middleware, allowing for
maximum time in discerning tasks. Utilizing SQS allows developers to store, receive, and send messages
between varied software components, irrespective of size, and holding capacity.

To use SQL, developers need to seek AWS console and install the CLI in the computing devices.
The salient feature of SQL is offering users full throughput, guaranteed delivery, and processing of
messages as commanded.

Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS)

Amazon SNS is one of the most utilized messaging services that provides a highly available, robust,
secure sub messaging platform to allow for the decoupling of microservices, applications, and distributed
systems. SNS enables for high output and scaled messaging. Developers using Amazon SNS can
disseminate messages to endpoints of a large base of subscribers, enabling parallel processing in related
applications such as AWS Lambda functions and SQS queues.

Amazon Software Development Kits (SDKs)

The SDKs enable developers to utilize AWS resource centers and services, allowing for
customization of platform and development language. The kits simply the use of AWS services through
APIs tailored to specific development needs (language and platform). The commonly sought SDKs
include JavaScript, Python, PHP, .Net, Java, Ruby, Go, C++, and Nodes.js. Besides, there are SDKs
specific to mobile-based development, IoT devices, Common line tools, and AWS Developer tools. AWS
Developer Tools include AWS Codebuild, AWS CodeDeploy, AWS CodeCommit, AWS CodePipeline,
AWS X-ray, and AWS CodeStar (Amazon AWS, 2020). All these allow for the tailored development of
API suitable to the individual platform and language needs of developers.

Analytics
AWS includes a range of analytics services to address specific computing needs. The most sought
analytics services are provided in the subsequent subsections below.

Amazon Athena
This analytics is a shared query service that allows for data analysis through Amazon S3. The
service is serverless, meaning that users need not to pay for infrastructure, but for the run queries.
Because Athena uses standard SQL and runs on Amazon S3, it is easy to use: data is simply highlighted
in Amazon S3, the schema defined, and initiates the query using SQL (Amazon AWS, 2020). The
simplicity of Athena allows for results to be returned in a matter of seconds, essentially because it does
not involve intricate extraction, loading and transformation tasks, availing data for analysis much faster.
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Amazon EMR
Amazon EMR delivers a managed framework that allows for speedy, simple, and low-cost
solutions in processing large amounts of data across the ascendable Amazon EC2 inquiries. Other
workable frameworks in Amazon EMR’s Flink include Presto, HBase, and Apache Spark, and can access
data in other application areas such as Amazon DynamoDB and Amazon S3. EMR Notebooks is a
Hadoop frame that provides an environment for collaborative and development hoc querying as well as an
exploratory analysis. This analytics allows for a reliable and secured management of big data analysis,
and supports other complex use cases such as financial analysis, machine learning, and web indexing.

Amazon Kinesis
This tool allows for a simplified framework usable in data collection, processing, and analysis on a
real-time basis, Kinesis also supports data streaming to visualize key insights and enable quick grasping
of key information. A major selling point for Amazon Kinesis is that it provides unmatched capabilities
such as cost-effectiveness and scalability in data streaming, allowing for flexibility on the end-user points
(Amazon, 2018). This means users of kinesis can derive important insights and make adjustments on a real-
time basis from data components such as audio, video, Machine learning’s IoT telemetry information,
web traffic flow, and other information from related applications.

Amazon Kinesis Data Streams (KDS)

This is a specialized Amazon Kinesis for data streaming, with major selling points as colossal
scalability and robust real-time streaming. As opposed to Amazon Kinesis, KDS has the capability of
unceasingly capturing large volumes of data from multiple sources such as social media, financial
transaction =s web traffic streams, location tracking, user logs, and other database events. The streamed
data is visualized in milliseconds to allow for analytics on a real-time basis. Users can leverage the
visualization to understand trends on dashboards detect anomalies and make other strategic decisions.

Amazon Redshift
Redshift is a robust data warehouse that simplifies the process of data analysis across large datasets.
As a cost-effective solution Redshift allows for faster delivery and high performance than conventional
data warehouse because it incorporates the capabilities of large scale parallel querying, and machine
learning. Users can install and organize new data warehouses in a few minutes, and can support scaling
up based on querying needs.

AWS Data Pipeline

Data Pipeline is one of the AWS services that allow users to move and process data between AWS
storage and compute services, and ensuring reliability. It also supports on-premises data at specific
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interludes. Setting up Data Pipeline can help to ensure steady access to stored data, allow for processing
and transformation, including scaling and uninterrupted transfer to AWS services; examples include
Amazon DynamoDB, Amazon RDS, and Amazon S3.

AWS Lake Formation

Lake formation service allows for easy installation and deployment of a data lake, ensuring security
and faster turnarounds. The service is centralized and maintains a secure repository of data before
analysis. Users of data lakes can decouple data feed storage and unify various forms of analytics to draw
insights and allow for better decision-making. The design of Data Formation acknowledges the fact that
most setups and management of data lakes are intricate processes that require more time and resource
commitments (Amazon AWS, 2020). The complexities entail data loading, monitoring, partitioning,
encryption, data organization in columnar formats, allowing access to specific data sets and matching
linked data records.

Data Formation allows for a simplified way of developing a data lake because it provides an easy-
to-use framework of deciding the location of data, data security controls, and access policies to use. The
service can then gathers and categorize data from different repositories, move, and clean the data using
related technological capabilities such as machine learning. Lake Formation users can equally access the
data catalog from an integrated repository that defines the available data and appropriate usage.

AWS Cost Management

The core to AWS cost management is the need to transform a business cost optimization,
transparency, and control and forecasting. AWS provides tools required to organize resources based on
cost management needs, analyze and visualize the costs in terms of usage and accurate representation of
different entities such as product, project, and department. As opposed to a centralized strategy of cost
monitoring, AWS cost management tools allow for real-time visualization of costs to enable informed
decision making in different areas of application.

The different use cases enabled by AWS Cost Management include organizing, Reporting, Access
Controlling, and Forecasting.

Organizing
Cost Management solutions provide capabilities for a business to develop cost allocation and
solidify cost governance based on the company’s specific classification strategy. The relevant AWS
resource for cost organizing includes AWS Cost Categories and AWS Cost Allocation Tags.
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Reporting
AWS Cost Management provides reporting capabilities by raising awareness and fostering
accountability of money spent on cloud services, including specific spend details and allocations. The
AWS reporting resources include the AWS Cost and Usage Report and AWS Cost Explorer.

Accessing

In order to enable tracking of billing data across the business in a consolidated format, AWS cost
management services provide tools such as AWS Credits and AWS Consolidated Billing.

Control
AWS offer capabilities of determining the most effective governance proficiencies, and offering the
best reins to keep the spending in check. AWS resources aiding control include AWS Control Tower,
AWS Organizations, and AWS Identity and Access Management.

Forecast
AWS resources such as AWS Budgets and AWS Cost Explorer aids in the estimation of resource
usage and expenses based on the forecasts created in dashboards.

Other capabilities enabled by AWS Cost Management include purchasing, budgeting, and
inspecting. The resources are designed to allow optimization of costs maintaining capacity based on
organizational needs. The Cost Optimization page provides a range of pricing and services options to
ensure flexibility and effective management of costs while keeping capacity and performance levels at the
required levels (Amazon AWS, 2020). The compendium guides users on how to select the ideal pricing
model, match capacity with demand, and identify wasteful resources

AWS Blockchain
This service actualizes the enterprise blockchain processes. AWS provides customized tools to
support specific needs, including the need for an integrated ledger that preserves cryptographically
certifiable records of blockchain transactions.

Amazon Managed Blockchain is an ideal use case of AWS's blockchain services that eliminates the
hassle involved in the creation of blockchain networks, reducing the time spent on hosting frameworks by
60% (Amazon AWS, 2020). Managed Blockchain simplifies the creation, management, and operation of
blockchain networks.

Blockchain allows for the development of applications and eliminates the need for a trusted
authority to centrally control transactions. One of the contemporary challenges today is the development
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of robust blockchain networks because existing technologies are intricate and challenging to manage
(Amazon AWS, 2020). Amazon Managed Blockchain eliminates this complexity by enabling full setup and
management of robust networks in a few steps. It eliminates the need for manual provisioning of
hardware and software components to manage and control access. With a few clicks, a user can set up and
deploy a blockchain network, and the solution manages the certificates, track operational metrics, invite
members, and track workflow.

Managed Blockchain is the most used worldwide because of its capability in deploying ledger
technology workload that has earned the trust of many customers across the world. Indeed, about 20
percent of Ethereum customers depend on Managed Blockchain for their workloads, running on tools
such as Hyperledger Fabric.

Business Applications
In today’s dynamic environment, businesses are expected to continuously search for new sources of
competitive advantages to maintain growth and sustainability (Bankar, 2018). AWS services include a
range of curated business applications that companies can exploit to address present-day challenges.

Alexa for Business

AWS offers Alexa for Business as intelligence-based assistance to simply monotonous work
processes. Alexa is artificial intelligence assistance that organizations and employees can use to simplify
repetitive work processes. Businesses can use Alexa to enhance productivity in offices, meeting rooms
and workstations, fostering faster decision making.

Amazon Chime
Chime is an AWS communication service that provides a secure and simple transformation of
online meetings on personal computing devices. Chime ensures a seamless connection to online meetings,
meaning that users can stay connected for video and audio conferencing, make calls, exchange texts and
share files with other users inside the organization. With Chime, businesses can initiate meetings with a
large virtual community of users, and overcome common online meeting huddles from a single device.

Amazon WorkDocs
WorkDocs is an AWS’s fully-managed service that provides secure storage and sharing of files
while maintaining strong administrative controls and feedback handling features that can enhance
individual user throughput. WorkDocs allows users to send and receive files, comment, or initiate
feedback from other users, edit and upload updated versions without managing multiple versions of edited
add-ons. One of the selling points for WorkDocs is the compatibility with different computing devices
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such as smartphones, tablets, Macs, and PCs (Amazon AWS, 2020). It also provides flexible controls and
sharing policies to ensure different management of files for different users.

Amazon WorkMail
WorkMail manages the business calendar and mail services, supporting typical email applications
on mobile and desktop devices. The tool provides a secure way of accessing emails, calendars, and
contacts, through client applications such as Android email, Native iOS, and Microsoft Outlook
applications supported by different web browsers. Users can integrate WorkMail with existing controls
and corporate directory to broaden the usability and compliance with usability requirements.

Compute
Establishing and running a business on the cloud begins with computing, irrespective of the
different needs such as building cloud-native, or enterprise apps, or running large clusters to reveal
patterns and sequence of data (Amazon AWS, 2020). AWS provides a full-range portfolio of computing
services that enable users to create, grow, run, and scale use case applications in a secure and powerful
computing environment. AWS is the market leader in computing delivery, especially on the IaaS model,
outperforming other providers such as Microsoft, Google, Oracle, and IBM (Su, 2019). The different
AWS compute services offered by AWS exists in the categories of virtual machines, containers,
serverless, edge and hybrid, cost, and capacity management.

Virtual machines services provide secure and scalable compute capacity on virtual servers in the
cloud. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) allows for resizable and secure computing capacity.
Amazon Lightsail also provides easy-to-use platforms through which users can bold websites or
applications.

Containers category includes tools that allow for the running and management of containers. For
example, Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Services provides a full managed of Kubernetes services, and
Amazon Elastic Container Registry allows for easy management, storage, and deployment of container
data.

The capacity and cost management category provide options for reducing cost and keeping capacity
at optimal. For example, the EC2 Image Builder allows for the building and maintenance of secure
Window Server or Linux images. Amazon EC2 Spot Instances enables the running fault-tolerance
workloads. AWS Batch allows for the full management and scaling of batch processing.
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Databases
AWS provides a broad range of purpose-built databases to support multiple use cases. There are 15-
tailored database engines supporting different data models through which users can create highly-scalable
case-driven applications.

The AWS is fully managed, meaning that users do not need to spend much time on database
management tasks. The databases are developed for critical processes such as enterprise workloads,
ensuring security, reliability, and availability.

Typical examples of such databases include Amazon DynamoDB, Amazon Aurora, Amazon
Neptune, Amazon Redshift, Amazon Timestream, among others. The most salient feature of these
databases is the capacity to increase connections and enable scalability (Amazon AWS, 2020).

Developer Tools
AWS developer tools provide a capability for developers to host code, create, test, and run
applications on AWS platforms. The tools are developed to minimize the hassle involved in software or
application development and deployment (Carvalho and Marden, 2018).

Developer Tools services include Amazon Corretto for low-cost multiplatform development and
ready-to-use deployment of OpenJDK.

AWS Cloud Development Kit helps developers to define their programing language and
infrastructure.

AWS CodeBuild helps to build code and test through constant scaling, and payments are made
based on the time spent on the platform.

Tools & SDKs eliminates complexities associated with coding the use of specific AWS and APIs
services. Other tools include AWS X-Ray, AWS CodeStar, AWS CodePipeline, AWS CodeCommit, and
AWS Cloud9. The full inventory for developer tools is found in the AWS Developer Tools page.

AWS Internet of Things (IoT)

AWS IoT offers solutions for commercial, industrial, and consumer users. The services are
necessitated by the proliferation of computing devices in multiple spheres, increasing the solutions
needed to get them connected and analyze data (Mishra, 2019). The most used IoT tools are AWS IoT and
FreeRTOS. Others include AWS IoT Greengrass, AWS IoT 1-click, AWS IoT Analytics, and AWS IoT
Button.
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AWS IoT Core

This is a fully managed AWS service that allows for the interaction of connected devices with other
devices and cloud applications. Utilizing IoT Core means that users can communicate and track all
devices, whether connected or not. It also promotes the use of other services such as Amazon
CloudWatch, Amazon SageMaker, Amazon S3, and Amazon Kinesis.

FreeRTOS
This is an operating system that simplifies the programming, deployment, connection, management,
and security of microcontrollers. Devices using FreeRTOs contains a microcontroller chip with a
simplified processor to support connection with other applications in the cloud or physical environments.
Examples include the smart electricity meters that require connection to the cloud to access and report
usage, and connection to physical devices to ensure better security systems. By offering a core operating
system, FreeRTOS helps to make easy and secure connectivity to allow for data collection and insights to
aid in making decisions.

Machine Learning (ML)

This service transfer machine learning on the side of developers to solve complex challenges that
limit typical users from utilizing machine learning. Users can select pre-trained AI solutions for language,
computer vision, and forecasting.

Amazon SageMaker
The tool enables developers to figure, train, and deploy ML scalable models. Amazon SageMaker
Studio offers a fully-integrated development environment (IDE) where users can execute all ML steps.
Amazon SageMaker Autopilot allows for automatic training and tuning models with scalable controls and
visibility.

Overall, the SageMakers eliminates the complexity that prevents access to particular steps. The tool
provides modules that should be used individually or collectively to build and train the ML models.

AWS Mobile
AWS provides a range of tools and services to enable the development processes for Android/iOS,
front-end ad React Native developers. The specific services include AWS amplify, Amazon API
Gateway, AWS Amplify Console, and AWS AppSync. Developers can leverage the value of easy-to-use,
scalability, and comprehensiveness offered by AWS Mobile services.
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AWS Robotics
AWS Robotics simplifies robotics development by offering a Robotic Operating System. One
specific use case is the AWS RoboMaker that provides a platform for building, testing, and scalable
deployment of AI-based robotic applications. The service integrates AWS ML, analytics, monitoring, and
communication services to allow for task completion during robotic developments.

AWS Satellite
AWS provides AWS Ground Station, a fully-managed service that allows for the control of
communication, and processing of satellite-based data, as well as scaling satellite operations to create
value in the form of cost-efficient and fast turnarounds. Today, businesses have the option f building
ground antennas and stations or lease ground stations. Access to satellite data often n requires investment
in storage, servers, and networks (Amazon AWS, 2020). AWS Ground Station eliminates this complexity
by offering the service through which users can control, communicate, and process large satellite data at
low cost and within a short time.

AWS Storage
AWS provides a range of storage services to enable storage, access, analysis, and governing of data
at low cost, fostering agility and innovation. Users can select a range of object storage options such as
Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3); file storage options such as Amazon FSx for Lustre, Amazon
Elastic File System; block storage options such as Amazon Elastic Block Store; backup options such as
AWS Backup

AWS Security and Identity

AWS provides security services for applications and workloads in the cloud, essentially through
encryption, threat detection, and key management. AWS Identity Services allow users to undertake
scalable and secure management of identities and permissions. The different security and identity services
include AWS Single Sign-On, AWS Directory Service, AWS Security Hub, and ASW Identity & Access
Management tools. The tools contribute, in part, to the security of workloads and resources on cloud
platforms.

Growth and Profitability

While AWS was reached in 2006, its major growth and profitability happened began in 2010 when
Amazon shifted all its retail sites to AWS. AWS was reported as a profitable venture in 2015 when sales
accumulated to about $1.57 billion during the 1stQ of the year. By the 4thQ, AWS's profits had increased
 18

by 69.5%, reaching $2.4% billion. The growth has continuously surpassed estimates in the recent past.
For example, AWS generated $9.95 billion in the last quarter of 2019, an increase of 34% compared to
the previous year (Novet, 2020). The growth is despite the inability to secure expected profitable
contracts with clients such as the Defense Department.

AWS accounted for 11% of all revenues reported by Amazon, making one of the most profitable
subsidiaries with increasing dominance in the cloud markets. It outperforms other providers such as
Google, Microsoft, and Alibaba (Novet, 2020). Out of the $3.88 billion of operating income earned by
Amazon in the last quarter of 2019, AWS accounted for 67% of it ($2.6 billion). The operating income
surpassed the earlier estimates of $2.45 billion. AWS ensures faster growth compared to other major
rivals, although the growth trajectory denotes a downward trend, the growth is expected to remain steady
in the medium term.

Applications
AWS applications manifest in the increasing adoption of SaaS solutions by organizations seeking to
achieve cloud-based business objectives at lower costs. Line of Business Leaders are can access and
choose from a range of commercial applications catalogs to help create value for their customers, enhance
agility, maximize operational efficiency, and throughput (Amazon AWS, 2020). Most of AWS’s SaaS
solutions are available at AWS Marketplace. The digital solution catalog simplifies users’ ability to find
tools, try, purchase, build, test, and set up and management operations running on AWS.

Utilizing AWS conforms to the increasing need for digital transformation, offering businesses
specific advantages such as fast turnarounds and high return on investment. Inadequate visibility is
typically a major cause of operational inadequacy and related financial underperformance (Carvalho and
Marden, 2018). AWS increases the efficiency of cloud usage while lowering overheads and reducing
redundancies. As a result, businesses can speedily adapt to changing marketing conditions and needs.

Conclusions
This report shows that Amazon Web Services not only provide secure cloud-based services but also
a reliable and low-cost platform through which developers and businesses can utilize to enhance
operational efficiency, create better value for customers and optimize time and financial resources. The
use cases of AWS prove the suitability of the platform for small and large businesses, irrespective of their
location or strategic directions. The primary value of AWS manifests in the range of service portfolio that
provides users with flexibility, stability, and adaptability to emerging needs and trends in the IT market.
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AWS growth is conceivably attributable to the trust built with the clients, including startups and well-
established firms that handle massive workloads and thus demand high storage, processing, and data
movement capabilities.
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