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HISTORY 213
D o n H o n o r i o Ven tu r a S ta te U n iver si ty
D e p a r tm en t o f A r c h i tectur e
B a sed o n S i r B a n i ster Fletc h er ’s
“A H i sto r y o f A r c h i tec tu r e” 2 0 th Ed i ti o n ,
ed i ted by D a n Cr ui c kshank
INTRODUCTION OF GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
The Beginning
The techniques and skills of Gothic masons evolved
without interruption over a period of 400 years.
RAYONNANT GOTHIC
FLAMBOYANT GOTHIC
LATE GOTHIC
FRENCH GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
Gothic
Architecture
IN FRANCE
EARLY GOTHIC TRANSITION OR
PRIMITIVE GOTHIC
France: Political & Geographical
The France in which the first experiments of Gothic architecture
were made, around 1140, was a geographical rather that political
entity.
The Capetian ruling family, with their domain centered on Paris,
had only recently established a precarious control of the local
baronage and it was to take them nearly a century to establish the
power and prestige which culminated in the canonization of Louis
IX in 1297, the event had real political significance, welded France
into a single state.
France’s central position within western Europe became an asset,
Paris was now more than ever the administrative and cultural
center of France. In effect, Paris became the cultural cynosure for
the whole of western Europe. Thus, the great age of Gothic
architectural experiment coincided with this century of France’s
political & economic expansion.
RAYONNANT GOTHIC
FLAMBOYANT GOTHIC
LATE GOTHIC
FRENCH GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
Gothic
Architecture
IN FRANCE
HIGH GOTHIC OR
CLASSIC GOTHIC
B. HIGH GOTHIC or CLASSIC GOTHIC
(Circa 1200 ~1270)
The Gothic style spread from the
Île-de-France region to appear in
other cities of northern France.
New structures in the style
include:
Chartres Cathedral Bourges Cathedral
both traditions.
RAYONNANT GOTHIC
FLAMBOYANT GOTHIC
LATE GOTHIC
FRENCH GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
Gothic
Architecture
IN FRANCE
RAYONNANT GOTHIC
C. RAYONNANT GOTHIC
(1270s ~ Mid-14th Century)
Taste is generally known as the
Rayonnant style means “Radiant”,
describing the tendency toward the
use of more and more stained glass
and less masonry in the design of
the structure, until the walls
seemed entirely made of glass.
In the beginning of 14th Century,
the massive High Gothic
Cathedrals became too expensive.
At the same time, a new shift in
patronage became apparent. Partly
on account of economic stagnation,
and as most wealthy towns now
possessed splendid new cathedrals. SAINTE CHAPELLE ON CHÂTEAU DE SAINT-GERMAIN-
EN-LAYE
RAYONNANT GOTHIC
FLAMBOYANT GOTHIC
LATE GOTHIC
FRENCH GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
Gothic
Architecture
IN FRANCE
FLAMBOYANT GOTHIC
D. FLAMBOYANT GOTHIC
(Mid-14th Century ~ 15th Century)
Appeared in the second
half of the 14th century.
Its characteristic features
were more exuberant
decoration, as the nobles
and wealthy citizens of
mostly northern French
cities competed to build
more and more elaborate THE ROSE WINDOW OF
SAINTE-CHAPELLE DE VINCENNES.
churches and cathedrals.
FLAMBOYANT TRACERY of
ROUEN CATHEDRAL, France
RAYONNANT GOTHIC
FLAMBOYANT GOTHIC
LATE GOTHIC
FRENCH GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
Gothic
Architecture
IN FRANCE
LATE GOTHIC
E. LATE GOTHIC
(Mid-15th Century ~ 16th Century)
Beginning in the 1530s, the style
of French religious and civil
architecture also began to show
the influence of the Italian
Renaissance. Charles VIII of
France and Louis XII of France
had both participated in military
campaigns in Italy and had seen
the new architecture there.
Pont Notre-Dame (C. 1406) BEFORE IT WAS DESTROYED BY
Large numbers of Italian FLOOD.