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Solution
−1 1 − 1
1 1
= e 2 t −1 2 = e 2t sinh ( t )
s2 − 4s + 3 =
( s − 2 ) − 1 s −1
2
e t − e −t
=e 2t
2
=
1
2
(e 3t
− et )
***
2s
2.
s2 −4
Solution
− 1 2s = 2 − 1 s = 2cosh 2t
2 2 ( )
s − 4 s − 4
****
s −3
3.
( s − 3)2 + 9
Solution
s−3 s
−1 = e 3 t −1 2 = e 3t cos ( 3t )
( s − 3 ) + 9 s + 9
2
4 1
4. −
s 2 + 9 ( s − 3)2
Solution
Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems
Prof. Dr. E. S. Shoukralla
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
4
−1 4 − 1 −1 3 − e 3t −1 1 = 4 sin 3t − e 3t t
= s2 + 9 s2 3 ( )
s + 9 ( s − 3 ) 3
2 2
***
4
5.
s −s −2
2
Solution
−1 4
= −1 4
s2 − s − 2
( s − 2 )( s + 1)
4 −1 1 1 4 −1 1 1 4
=
3
− =
( s − 2 ) ( s + 1) 3
s− 2
− −1 =
s + 1 3
(e 2t
− e−t )
***
s −3
6.
( s − 2)2 + 2 ( s − 2) + 1
Solution
s−3
−1 = −1 s − 3
s2 − 2s + 1
( s − 2 ) + 2 ( s − 2 ) + 1
2
( s − 1) − 2
= −1 = −1 1 − 2 −1 1
( s − 1) ( s − 1) ( s − 1)
2 2
1
= e t − 2e t −1 2 = e t − 2te t
s
***
427
Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems
Prof. Dr. E. S. Shoukralla
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
s2 +1
( s − 1) ( s 2 + 2 )
7.
Solution
−1 s2 + 1 = 2 −1 1 + 1 −1 s + 1
(
( s − 1) s 2 + 2 ) 3
s −1 3
s2 + 2
2 t −1 1 1 −1 s 1 −1 2
= e s 3+ +
s2 + 2 3 2 2
3 s + 2
=
2 t 1
3
e + cos
3
( 2t ) + 3 1 2 sin ( 2t )
***
e −4s
8.
s +2
Solution
−1 e = −1 e − 4 s F s = u t − 4 f t − 4
−4 s
( ) ( ) ( )
s + 2
where
1
f ( t ) = −1 = e −2 t
s+ 2
Hence
−1 e = u t − 4 e −2 ( t − 4 )
−4 s
( )
s + 2
***
s +2
9. e −2s 2
s − 4s + 8
428
Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems
Prof. Dr. E. S. Shoukralla
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
Solution
− 1 e −2 s s + 2 = − 1 e −2 s F s = u t − 2 f t − 2
2 ( ) ( ) ( )
s − 4s + 8
where
s+2
f ( t ) = −1 2 = −1 s − 2 + 4
s − 4s + 8 ( s − 2 ) + 4
2
s−2
− 1 − 1 4 2 t −1 s 2 t −1 2
= + = e s2 + 4 + 2e s2 + 4
( s − 2 ) + 4 ( s − 2 ) + 4
2 2
= e 2t cos ( 2t ) + 2e 2t sin ( 2t )
Hence
−1 e −2 s s + 2 = e 2( t − 2 ) u t − 2 cos 2t − 4 + 2sin 2t − 4
2 ( )( ( ) ( ))
s − 4s + 8
***
2s + 1
10. e −5s 2
s − 3s + 5
Solution
− 1 e −5 s 2 s + 1 = − 1 e −5 s F s = u t − 5 f t − 5
2 ( ) ( ) ( )
s − 3s + 5
where
f (t) = − 1 2s + 1 − 1
2 s−
( 3
) + 4
s2 − 3s + 5 =
2
( )
2
s − 2 + 11
3
4
429
Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems
Prof. Dr. E. S. Shoukralla
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
3 3 11
= 2e 2
t
−1 s + 8 e 2 t −1 2
s + 11 s 2 + 11
2
4
11
4
3
t 11 8 2t
3
11
= 2e 2 cos t + e sin t
2 11 2
Hence
−1 e −5 s 2 s + 1 = 2e 2 ( t − 5 ) u t − 5 cos 11 t − 5 + 4 sin 11 t − 5
3
2 ( ) ( ) ( )
s − 3 s + 5 2 11 2
***
2s − 4
11.
( s − 1) 4
Solution
−1 2 s − 4 = −1 2 ( s − 1 ) − 2 = −1 2 − 1 −1 6
( s − 1) ( s − 1) ( s − 1) 3 ( s − 1)
4 4 3 4
−1 2 − 1 e t −1 6 = e t t 2 − t
3
=e t
s3 3 s4
3
***
12.
( −3s + 2 )e −2s
s 2 − 2s + 6
Solution
−1 ( −3 s + 2 ) e
−2 s
− 1 e −2 s F s = u t − 2 f t − 2
2 = ( ) ( ) ( )
s − 2 s + 6
where
( −3 s + 2 )
f ( t ) = −1 2 = −1 −3 ( s − 1) − 1
s − 2s + 6 ( s − 1) + 5
2
430
Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems
Prof. Dr. E. S. Shoukralla
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
−1 s − 1 e t −1 5 = −3e t cos
= −3e t
s2 + 5
5
2
s + 5
( 5t ) − et
5
sin ( 5t )
Hence
−1 ( −3 s + 2 ) e = e t − 2 u t − 2 −3cos
−2 s
2
s − 2 s + 6
( )
( 5 ( t − 2) −) 1
5
sin ( )
5 ( t − 2)
***
2s 2 + 3s − 4
13.
( s − 3) ( s 2 + 4)
2
Solution
Using Partial Fractions, we have
2s 2 + 3s − 4 23 1 23 s + 3 3 s + 16
= − +
( s − 3) ( s 2 + 4) 169 s − 3 169 s 2 + 4 13 s 2 + 4 2
( )
2
Then
−1 2 s + 3 s − 4 + +
2
23 −1 1 23 −1 s 3 3 −1 s 16
2
= − + 2
( ) s − 3 169 s + 4 13 ( )
2
( s − 3 ) s + 4
169
s + 4
2 2
23 3 t 3 3 −1 s + 16
= e − cos ( 2t ) − sin ( 2t ) + 2 2
169 2 13 s + 4 ( )
Using Heaviside's Methods To Find
−1 s + 16
2 2
(
s + 4 )
Since a = 0, b = 2 , then
431
Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems
Prof. Dr. E. S. Shoukralla
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
H ( s ) = s + 16, H ( s ) = 1; H ( a + ib ) = H ( 2i ) = 2i + 16
Hence, we get
−1 s + 16 1 1
2 2
= ( 2 2 − 1 ) e 0t
cos ( 2 t ) +
( )
3 3
2 2 2 2
s + 4
( 2 0 − 16 ) e 0t sin ( 2t ) +
t
( 2sin ( 2t ) − 16cos ( 2t ) ) e 0t
2 23
−1 2 s + 3 s − 4
2
23 3 t 3
2
= e − cos ( 2 t ) − sin ( 2 t )
(
( s − 3 ) s + 4
2
)
169 2
3 3
cos ( 2t ) − sin ( 2t ) + ( 2sin ( 2t ) − 16cos ( 2t ) )
t
+
13 16 16
***
e −5s
( )
14.
s s2 + 9
Solution
−5 s
−1 e = − 1 e −5 s F ( s ) = u ( t − 5 ) f ( t − 5 )
(
s s2 + 9
)
where
432
Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems
Prof. Dr. E. S. Shoukralla
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
f (t) = − 1 1 = 1 −1 1 − s
s s2 + 9
( ) 9
s
s2 + 9( )
1 −1 1 1 −1 s = 1 − 1 cos ( 3t )
= −
9
s 9 s2 + 9
( ) 9 9
Hence
−5 s
−1 e
(
= 1 u ( t − 5 ) 1 − cos ( 3 ( t − 5 ) ) )
(
s s2 + 9 ) 9
***
s −2
15.
s 2 − 4s + 19
Solution
s−2 s−2
−1
s 2 − 4 s + 19
= − 1
( s − 2 ) + 15
2
= e 2 t −1 s
s 2 + 15 = e cos
2t
( 15t )
***
8s 3 − 3s + 2
16.
s 4 − 3s 3 − 20s 2 + 84s − 80
Solution
Using Partial Fractions, we have
8s 3 − 3s + 2 8s 3 − 3s + 2
=
s 4 − 3s 3 − 20s 2 + 84s − 80 ( s − 2 ) 2 ( s − 4 )( s − 5 )
Then
433
Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems
Prof. Dr. E. S. Shoukralla
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
−1 8s3 − 3s + 2 7209 −1 1 30 −1 1
4 = − s − 2 − 7
− − + − ( )
3 2 2
s 3 s 20 s 84 s 80 882 s − 2
30 2 t −1 1 251 4 t −1 1 983 −5 t −1 1
− e s 2 + 18 e s + 441 e s
7
7209 2t 30 2t 251 4t 983 −5t
=− e − e t+ e + e
882 7 18 441
*****************************************************************
434