Republic of the Philippines

PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY

Lingayen Campus
College of Teacher Education
Science Education Department
2nd Semester, SY. 2022-2023

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: _______________ Score:___________

Group No.: _____

Sci123—Microbiology and Parasitology

Activity No. ___
BACTERIAL CYTOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGY

Introduction
In this laboratory activity, you will identify the morphologic structure of bacteria according to size, shape, cell
grouping and the important parts and functions of a bacterial cell. Bacteria can be classified in one of the three general
shapes: coccus, bacillus and spirillum. Cocci are spherical bacteria, bacilli are rod-shaped bacteria, and spirilla are curved
or spiral-shaped bacteria. They are further classified based on their arrangement or groupings. Among these are
“staphylo” for grape or cluster forming bacteria, “strepto” for twisted bacteria, “tetrad” for bacteria that are arranged in
a group of 4 cells and “vibrio” for bean-shaped bacteria.
Bacteria may also contain specialized structures. Encapsulated bacteria are bacteria encased by capsules, spore-
forming bacteria are bacteria that contain endospores and flagellated bacteria are bacteria that contain flagellum.

Objectives: At the end of the activity, students should be able to classify bacteria based on shape and specialized
structures
Materials: Microscope, Prepared bacterial specimens

Procedure
1. Using the microscope, examine the shape of the following bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and
Helicobacter pylori.
2. Draw your microscopic observations and write the classification of each bacterium based on the general shape.

Staphylococcus aureus Bacillus subtilis Helicobacter pylori

Classification: _______ Classification:_____ _______ Classification: _______

3. Continue observing other bacterial specimens under the microscope. Examine the specialized structure/s of the
following bacteria: Salmonella typhosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Clostridium tetani.
4. Draw your microscopic observations below and identify the specialized structure/s present in each bacterium.

Salmonella typhosa Clostridium tetani Haemophilus influenzae (Type B)

Specialized structure/s: Specialized structure/s Specialized structure/s
___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________