MERU UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

P.O. Box 972-60200 – Meru-Kenya.

Tel: +254 (0)799529958, +254 (0)799529959, +254 (0)712524293
Website: www.must.ac.ke Email: info@must.ac.ke
University Examinations 2019/2020
SECOND YEAR, SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

ECT 3254 ENGINEERING SURVEY II

DATE: OCTOBER 2020 TIME: 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS: Answer question one and any other two questions.

QUESTION ONE
(a) Define and explain setting out as used in survey? (3marks)

(b) State the difference between GPS and GLONASS. (2marks)

(c) Show with neat sketches the characteristic features of contour lines for the following features.

(5marks)
(i) A pond
(ii) A hill
(iii) A ridge
(iv) A valley
(v) A vertical cliff.

(d) Define the following. (8marks)

(i) Remote sensing
(ii) Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)
(iii) Geographic information science (GIS).
(iv) Satellite

(e) Describe the three sources of errors in Electronic Digital Measuring Instrument (EDMI)
(6marks)

(f) What is meant by (i) contour interval, (ii) Contouring by direct method, (iii) contour gradient?
(6marks)

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Question 2
i. Discuss the working principle and classification of Electronic Digital Measuring
Instrument (EDMI) (10marks)
ii. Discuss the uses of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR). (10 marks)
Question 3
i. Satellites come in all shapes and sizes and play a variety of roles. Describe these satellites
highlighting their respective roles (10 marks)
ii. Satellite can be classified by the distance of their orbits above the Earth, discuss these
categories of Satellites (10 marks)
Question 4
i. Discuss the important consideration in setting out of infrastructure. (10marks)
ii. Discuss the methods used to collect topographic data. (10Marks)
Question 5
i. What is RAdio Detection And Ranging (RADAR)? (1marks)
ii. State the advantages of using radar for remote sensing. (4marks)
iii. State the difference between Geographic Information Science (GIS) and remote sensing
(5marks)
iv. Discuss the applications of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) (10marks)

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ECT 3254 Engineering Survey II

Purpose of the course:

This course unit is intended to equip the student with knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary
for carrying out Engineering surveys and interpreting survey data for construction proposes.

Course content:

Topographical surveys: definition and scope; specification and accuracy levels; types and
selection of instruments; control; presentation and interpretation of topographical surveys;
application. Principle and techniques for setting out surveys; accuracy requirements and sources
of errors; provision of controls for setting out; setting out for planning and development of
infrastructure and construction of Engineering structures; processing and analysis of setting out
data. Setting out curves
Introduction to Modern surveying techniques and equipment: EDM and total stations;
satellite positioning; RADAR and LIDAR imaging; Fundamentals of satellite orbits and orbital
motion. Descriptions of the various systems for positioning with satellites; GPS, GLONASS,
Galileo, and GNSS. Methods for positioning with satellites; single point, static relative, real-time
kinematic, and differential positioning techniques. Areas of application of satellite positioning
systems

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