1.

ORGANS
IMPORTANCE
To survive and reproduce, the human body relies on major internal body organs to
perform certain vital functions. When two or more organs along with their associated
structures work together they become component parts of a body system.
WHICH IS THE LARGEST ORGAN IN THE HUMAN BODY?
The skin is by far the largest of all human organs. The skin surface of an average adult is
about 1.7 square meters, weighs about 9 kilograms and is between 1 millimeter (eyelid) and
4 millimeters (palms and soles) thick. She also has around 250,000 cold and 30,000 heat
receptions.
WHAT ARE THE MOST VITAL HUMAN ORGANS?
Humans urgently need the following six organs to survive: heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, skin
and brain. All other organs are also important, but not necessarily essential for survival.
After an accident or cancer, they can be completely or partially removed, replaced and
replanted.
Vital organs
Die lebenswichtigen Organe sind wichtig für das menschliche Überleben. For example:
The vital organs are those that a person needs to survive. A problem with any of these
organs can quickly become life threatening.
It is not possible to live without these organs. That said, in the case of the paired kidneys
and lungs, a person can live without one of the pair.
The brain is the body’s control center.
The heart is the most important organ of the circulatory system, which helps deliver blood
to the body.
The lungs work with the heart to oxygenate blood. They do this by filtering the air a person
breathes, then removing excess carbon dioxide in exchange for oxygen.
The liver is the most important organ of the metabolic system. The liver plays many roles
in digestion and filtering the blood,
The kidney filter blood and remove waste from the body.
Das Herz funktioniert für den Blutkreislauf.
Die Lungen funktionieren für Atmung / Respiration.
Die Leber funktioniert für die Energiegewinnung und den Metabolismus.
Die Nieren funktionieren für die Blutfiltration und Abfallbeseitigung.
Die Haut funktioniert als Schutzbarriere des Körpers.
Das Gehirn funktioniert als Körperkontrollzentrum.
The HEART functions for the blood circulation.
Die LUNGS functions for breathing/respiration.
The LIVER functions for the energy production and metabolism.
The KIDNEYS functions for the blood filtration and Waste elimination
The SKIN functions as the body protective barrier.
The BRAIN functions as the body control center.

NON-VITAL ORGANS ( gallbladder, pancreas, stomach, intestines) are those that a

person can survive without. However, this does not mean that conditions affecting these
organs are never life threatening or dangerous. Many infections and cancers in non-vital
organs are life threatening, especially without prompt treatment.
What else you should know about the human organs!
Our bodies work closely together like a well-rehearsed team. Although each organ has its
own tasks, it is networked with the others via cells, blood vessels, nerve cords or tissue.
These connections are vital because only together do they ensure the complex processes of
the human organism. The sense organs eyes, ears, nose and tongue are not included in this
list.

Summary
Each organ in the body is its own complex system, made up of numerous smaller parts.
Many organs also depend on several other body parts. For example, to properly breathe,
the lungs must work with the nose, mouth, throat, windpipe, and sinuses.

PANCREAS

Die Bauchspeicheldrüse spielt bei Diabetes mellitus eine bedeutende Rolle, da sie den
Blutzucker reguliert.
Die Bauchspeicheldrüse erfüllt zwei Hauptfunktionen, die exokrine und die endokrine
Funktion.
1. Die exokrine Funktion der Bauchspeicheldrüse ist die Produktion von Enzymen für die
Verdauung wie zum Beispiel:
Die Lipase ist für den Fettabbau.
Die Amylase ist die für die Aufspaltung von Kohlenhydraten in Energie.
Die Protease ist für den Proteinabbau
 2. Die endokrine Funktion der Bauchspeicheldrüse ist die Produktion von Hormonen zur
Kontrolle des Blutzuckers (Glukose), wie zum Beispiel:
Das Insulin wirkt zur Senkung eines hohen Blutzuckerspiegels.
Das Glukagon wirkt zur Erhöhung des niedrigen Blutzuckerspiegels.

The pancreas plays a significant role in Diabetes Mellitus because it control the blood
sugar.
The pancreas performs two main functions, the exocrine and endocrine functions.
1. The Pancreas Exocrine function is the production of enzymes to help with digestion
like for example:
Lipase for break down of fats.
Amylase for break down of carbohydrates into energy.
Protease for break down of proteins.
2. The Pancreas Endocrine function is the production of hormones to control blood sugar
(glucose) like for example:
Insulin for the reduction of high blood sugar levels.
Glucagon for the increase of low blood sugar levels.

Can a person live without a pancreas?

Yes, you can live without your pancreas. However, you will need to take enzyme pills to
digest food and insulin shots to control your blood sugar for the rest of your life. Though
pancreatic removal is rare, surgeons may remove your entire pancreas if you have
pancreatic cancer, major injury to your pancreas or severe pancreatitis.