MODULE 1

II. Lecture

Tourism and Hospitality has been the one largest and fastest-growing industries in the world. It contributes greatly to the
economic development. Countries that are leading in tourism and hospitality revenues are the United States, France, Germany, the
United Kingdom, Mexico and Japan.

The hospitality

 Hospitality is derived from the latin word “hospitare” meaning to receive a guest
 Hospitality industry is an industry that offers services that usually cost extra income to enjoy and include things like hotels,
restaurants, transportation, and leisure activities

The tourism

 is the act of travelling to a destination for pleasure purposes.

 “ Activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive
year for leisure, business and other purposes” (WTO, 1993)
1. It has two essential elements
a. Dynamic element ( the journey)
b. Static element (stay)

The Relationship of Tourism and Hospitality

The components of this large industry include:

 Food and Beverage Component

 The Lodging Component
 Recreation and Entertainment Component
 Travel and Tourism Component

Reasons for Travelling (Why certain people wants to travel?)

1. We travel to learn.
Whether it’s learning a new language or learning about an area’s history, travel allows us to learn so many different things. We
become educated in the diverse cultures and ways of life.
2. We travel to escape.
Travel provides a momentary break from the humdrum of our daily lives. It provides us with adventure and excitement. When we
venture to a new space or environment, we’re intrigued by all the novel things that surround us. We forget about our jobs, our
classes, and all our other responsibilities.
3. We travel to discover.
This goes hand in hand with our previous points, but travel allow us to discover, whether it’s an interesting locale or a new found
favorite dish. We travel to not only see more of the world and the people in it, but to also discover more about ourselves in
the process.
Through the challenges that we face and the experiences that we gain, we discover our strengths, our limitations, and our
potential.
4. We travel to make new friends.
Of course, this one would be on our list. After all, we love group travel! When you travel, you meet people of diverse backgrounds
and experiences and every single one of them has the potential to play an important role in your life, whether that is a new best
friend or your soul mate.
5. We travel to experience.
We feel like this last reason is an all-encompassing one. We travel to experience all that we can, and all that the world has
to offer. We can experience the local culture by eating delicacies and dishes that are unique to a certain region.
We can experience what it’s like to communicate solely through gestures when we don’t know how to speak a language. We can
even realize how life in a foreign country is not that much different from our own lives back home.

Differentiating Tourism from other forms of travel

 travel is related to an individual's movement from one place to another due to work, to meet family/friends for a short
while or health care. People travel to all sorts of location and places
  Tourism - refers to the movement of an individual for recreational purposes.

 also defined as travel for a relatively longer duration.

 tourism is mainly limited to locations with tourism potential, such as national parks, monuments, museums,
beach, big cities, etc.

MODULE 1

Forms of Tourism

There are 3 basic forms of Tourism:

 Domestic tourism refers to activities of a visitor within their country of residence and outside of their home (example:
Filipinos visiting other parts of the Philippines)
 Inbound tourism refers to the activities of a visitor from outside of country of residence (Example: Americans visiting
Philippines)
 Outbound tourism refers to the activities of a resident visitor outside of their country of residence (Example: Philippines
visiting other overseas country)

Domestic Tourism Vs. International Tourism

Domestic tourism is travel within your own nation.

For example, if a Filipino from Binalonan, Pangasinan decided to spend a few days at Baguio City, as you’re staying in your own
country of residence, this is domestic or internal tourism. This type of tourism is likely to be less of a hassle for visitors, as visiting
another part of your own country will lead to no language differences, currency/food changes or etiquette differences.

International tourism -The World Tourism Organization (WTO) defines tourism as ‘traveling to and staying in places outside
their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes’. International tourism has
increased due to people around the world having more money in their pocket.

Tourist - a person who is traveling or visiting a place for pleasure

- people traveling for fun. It includes activities such as sightseeing and camping. People who travel for fun are called
"tourists". ... Places that people go to for tourism are called tourist destinations.

Types of tourists -What type of tourist are you?

 Psychocentric Tourist - travelers are said to prefer trips close to home and to seek familiar environments, such as hotel
chains with which they are comfortable, when traveling. See also allocentric.
 Allocentric Tourist - travel by air for psychological reasons rather. than financial or other practical concerns. allocentric
tourists are outgoing, self- confident, and adventurous.
 Mid-centric Tourist- falls between the allocentric and psychocentric types. This is a person who isn't exceptionally
adventurous but is still open to new experiences. The preferred destinations for this type of traveler are cultural, historical,
and even ecological.

Other types of Tourist

 Business Tourists.
 Food Tourist.
 Adventure Tourists.
 Event Tourists.
 Religious Tourists.
 Leisure Tourists.
 Medical Tourists

Types of Domestic Tourist

 Interregional - means to move from one region to another. Those who make an interregional move do not stay in the
same region; their move is much bigger
 Intraregional - movement means moving within the same region.
 MODULE 2
Four basic Elements of Travel

 Distance
 Length of stay at the Destination
 Residence of the Traveler – for business and research purposes it is important to know where people live
 Purpose of Travel
It can be divided into seven:
 Visiting friends, and relatives
 Conventions, seminars, and meetings
 Business
 Outdoor recreation (hunting, fishing, camping)
 Entertainment – sightseeing, theater, and sports
 Personal (family, medical, funeral, wedding)
 Others

Three A’s of Tourism

 Attraction – it could be man made attraction or natural attraction)

 Accessibility - when it comes to location and transportation whether it could be, Road, Rail, Sea, Air.)
 Amenities - Accommodation will be a main part of your Amenities as you will be sleeping and eating in your
accommodation so depending on what type you would want to stay in, you will be able to sleep and eat in.

MODULE 2

II. Lecture

The Tourist Destination

A tourist destination is a city, town, or other area that is significantly dependent on revenues from tourism, or "a country, state,
region, city, or town which is marketed or markets itself as a place for tourists to visit". It may contain one or
more tourist attractions

Tourist Attraction- is a place of interest where tourists visit, typically for its inherent or an exhibited natural or cultural value,
historical significance, natural or built beauty, offering leisure and amusement

The key difference between destination and attraction in tourism is that destination is an area which has some attractions and
earns money from tourism whereas an attraction is a place which attracts tourism.

For example, Eiffel tower is a tourist attraction whereas Paris is a tourist destination

Characteristics of tourist product.

In a narrow sense, the tourist product consist of what the tourist buys. In a wider sense, the tourist product is a
combination of what the tourist does at the destination and the services she/he uses during his/her stay.

1. Service – it is intangible item

2. Attraction (Largely psychological in its attraction) – the environment plus the culture and heritage of the region and
other intangible such as atmosphere and hospitality.
3. Tends to vary in standard and quality over time- a bumpy flight can change an enjoyable experience into a
nightmare, a holiday at the seaside can be destroyed by a prolonged rainy spell.
4. The Supply of the product is fixed – the number of hotel rooms available at a particular resort cannot be changed to
meet the changing demands of tourists during a particular season (peak season & lean season)
 MODULE 3
Tourism Impacts

II. Lecture

Tourism impacts can be grouped into three main categories: economic, social, and environmental.

Economic Impacts - Tourists contribute to sales, profits, jobs, tax revenues, and income in an area. The most direct effects occur
within the primary tourism sectors --lodging, restaurants, transportation, amusements, and retail trade. Through
secondary effects, tourism affects most sectors of the economy

Positive Effects

 Employment and Income from Touristic sector

 Conservation of Cultural patrimonies
 Improvement of infrastructure
 Promotion of local entrepreneurs
 Income of Currencies at national Level

Negative Effects

 Rise price of lands and goods

 Employment of non-resident of the area
 Economic benefits for only owners
 Social Problems such as alcoholism, prostitution, and drugs

Social Impacts - includes wages, breaks, adherence to employment laws, safety, training, and numerous other specific labor
practices. Finally, social impact includes the impact on the local public and social services sector because of the business's activities.

Positive

 Enhances the economy of the region

 Adds Revenue to the local government
 Employment
 Improving all the aesthetic for the host community
 Sense of Pride (They want to show off their community that tourists have chosen to visit)

Negative

 Crowding
 Rowdiness
 Crime rates

Environmental Impacts -
Tourism puts enormous stress on
local land use, and can lead to soil
erosion, increased pollution, natural
habitat loss, and more pressure on
endangered species. These effects can
gradually destroy the environmental
resources on which tourism itself
depends.