COCSC20: Internet of Things

Exercise – 4
Nimish Sikri – 2021UCS1566
AIM:
Design a circuit for interfacing the Relay with the Arduino board and controlling the two
high-power electronic equipment.

COMPONENTS REQUIRED:
1. Arduino Uno R3
2. 5V SPDT relay
3. Light Bulb
4. Connecting wires
5. Fan

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
CODE:
void setup()
{
pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);
delay(1000); // Wait for 1000 millisecond(s)
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
delay(5000); // Wait for 5000 millisecond(s)
}

UNDERSTANDING:
1) Relays are electrically operated switches that open and close the circuits by receiving electrical signals from
outside sources. SPDT relay is capable of switching between two different circuits, making it a versatile
component in various applications such as automation, control systems, and electronic devices.
2) Working principle: It is based on the principle of electromagnetism. It consists of a coil, a movable armature,
and two sets of contacts. When an electrical current is applied to the coil, it generates a magnetic field,
attracting the armature and causing it to move. In its default state, the common terminal is connected to one of
the two other terminals (normally closed or NC). When the coil is energized, the armature shifts, breaking the
connection with the normally closed terminal and establishing a connection with the normally open terminal.
3) The relay switches between the fan and bulb by switching the armature between NO and NC.

APPLICATIONS:
1) Home Automation - A low-voltage signal from a smart home controller activates the relay, allowing it to switch
on or off the connected devices, providing a convenient way to automate and remotely control various
household functions.

2) Traffic Control System - Relays are used to manage the sequencing of the lights, he low-voltage signals from the
traffic control system activate relays, allowing them to control the high-power lights at intersections

3) Air Conditioning System - When the thermostat signals the need for cooling, the relay activates the
corresponding components to maintain the desired temperature.

RESULT: Successfully interfaced an SPDT relay with an Arduino board and powered 2
electronic equipments