A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE

ECONOMY OF THUSHARAGIRI WATER FALLS

PROJECT REPORT

The project report submitted for the partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the
degree of

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN STATISTICS

UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT

Submitted by

KEERTHANA A M (KXASSST017)

UNDER THE SUPERVISION AND GUIDANCE OF

Dr GIRISH BABU M (HOD OF STATISTICS)

CHMKM GOVT ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE KODUVALLY

(AFFILIATED TO THE CALICUT UNIVERSITY)

2018-2021

1
 DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS

CHMKM GOVT. ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE KODUVALLY

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that KEERTHANA A M (KXASSST017) is a bonafide student of Department

of Statistics, CHMKM Govt. Arts and Science college Koduvally and this project report
entitled “A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE ECONOMY OF
THUSHARAGIRI WATER FALLS” has been prepared by in partial fulfilment of the
requirement for the award of degree of Bachelor of Science in Statistics, under University of
Calicut.

Place: Dr GIRISH BABU.M

Date: HOD OF STATISTICS

Examiner:

2
 DECLARATION

I KEERTHANA A M (KXASSST017) do here by declare that, this project entitled “A

STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE ECONOMY OF THUSHARAGIRI
WATERFALLS” is the original work done by me under the guidance of Dr.GIRISH BABU
department of Statistics, CHMKM GOVT ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE, Koduvally.

The results embodied in this project have not been included any other dissertation submitted
previously for the award of any degree or diploma of any other university or institution.

Place: signature:

Date: Name:

3
 A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE
ECONOMY OF THUSHARAGIRI WATERFALLS

Project submitted in partial fulfilment of requirement to the award of degree B.Sc.

Statistics.

PREPARED BY

Kavya P K (KXASSST016)

Keerthana A M (KXASST017)

Manav B V (KXASSST022)

Munshik Muhammad (KXASSST031)

Najiya Thasnim (KXASSST002)

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

At the completion of my project, I express our sincere gratitude to all have supported
and provided with the necessary guidance to do so. I would use it as wonderful opportunity to
thank almightily god for all kind of blessings to bring out this project work successfully.

I use e opportunity to thank Sri. Suresh K M, Principal of CHMKM Govt. Arts and Science
College Koduvally, who supported as throughout this project.

I have to express my appreciation to the Department Statistics, sharing their pearls of wisdom
with us during the course of this project.

I would like to express my deep gratitude towards Dr. Girish Babu, HOD of Statistics, for his
valuable suggestions during the planning and development of this work.

I express my very great appreciation towards officers and staffs from Thusharagiri water falls,
who helped me during various stages of data collection.

I express my sincere thanks towards our department faculties they efficiently guided us
throughout this project.

Name:

Signature:

5
 CONTENT

Chapter No. Content PAGE NO.

1. Introduction 07-08

2. Statistical tools 10-12

3. Analysis 13-26

4. Conclusion 27

Bibliography 28

6
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

_____________________________________________

The recent corona virus (COVID-19) has triggered a concern worldwide in early January
2020, the outbreak has infected several people globally. Tourism and hospitality business are
profoundly affected by COVID-19.

The travel and tourism industry employment loss is predicted to be 100.8 million
worldwide due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The proper maintenance of various tourism
amenities, including those operated by the District Tourism Promotion Council (DTPC) and
other private operators has come to a standstill with the steep fall in the monthly revenue
subsequent to the restrictions imposed on visitors in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The income generated by the Tourism department as entrance fee is zero now from all
the prominent tourism destinations in Kozhikode. It includes eco-tourism destinations such as
Thusharagiri, Kakkayam etc.

In this project we are analysing the impact of COVID-19 on the economy of

Thusharagiri waterfalls.

Thusharagiri is one of the most beautiful destination in Kozhikode cuddled in the folds
of western ghats is known for its picturesque water falls. Hence it is a spot of foreign and
domestic tourists. But by the outbreak of COVID-19, the earnings and income decreased.

In this project we have some objectives. Mainly we study the status of the income of
Thusharagiri water falls and analyse how COVID-19 affect on its income.

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 Here we use time series as a statistical tool for analysing the income of Thusharagiri
water falls in each month of the year 2015 to 2020. Then find the changes and characteristics
of the data. A time series is the arrangement of data in accordance with the time of occurrence
in a chronological order. Time series given an idea about the change of variables according to
time. It is a sequence of numerical data points in successive order.

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 OBJECTIVE OF THE PRESENT STUDY

The main objective of our project is

➢ To study the status of Income of Thusharagiri waterfalls in the year 2015

to 2020

➢ To analyse the impact of COVID-19 on the economy of Thusharagiri

waterfalls using time series analysis.

METHODOLOGY

Data were collected from the records of Thusharagiri water falls during the year 2015
to 2020. We got daily income, then we converted to monthly for analysis.

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 CHAPTER 2

STATISTICAL TOOLS USED

_____________________________________________
The following statistical tools are used in our report.

2.1 STATISTICAL TOOLS

2.1.1 TIME SERIES

A time series is a sequence of numerical data points in successive order. In investing,

a time series tracks the movement of the chosen data points, such as a security’s price, over a
specified period of time with data points recorded at regular intervals. There is no minimum
or maximum amount of time that must be included, allowing the data to be gathered in a way
that provides the information being sought by investor or analyst examining the activity.

A time series analysis is applied in several area such as economic, health, biology, etc.

The main objectives of the time series analysis are:

➢ To give general description of the past behaviour of the data.

➢ To forecast further behaviour on the basis on the past.
➢ To help planning and decision making.

Trend

Trend is the general tendency of the data to increase or decrease or stationary during a
long period of time. Trend analysis is a statistical procedure performed to evaluate
hypothesized linear and nonlinear relationships between two quantitative variables.
(Fundamental of Mathematical Statistics, Sulthan Chand & Sons-2000.)

10
2.2 GRAPHICAL TOOLS

2.2.1 LINE CHART

A line chart or line plot or line graph or curve chart is a type of chart which displays
information as a series of data points called markers connected by straight line segments. It is
a basic type of chart common in many fields. It is similar to a scatter plot except that the
measurement points are ordered and joined with straight line segments. A line chart is often
used to visualize 10 a trend in data over intervals of time-a time series-thus the line is often
drawn chronologically. In these cases they are known as run charts.

2.2.2 BAR CHART

A bar chart or bar graph is a chart or graph that presents categorical data with
rectangular bars with heights or lengths proportional to the values that they represent. The bars
can be plotted vertically or horizontally. A vertical bar chart is sometimes called a column
chart. A bar graph shows comparisons among discrete categories. One axis of the chart shows
the specific categories, and the other axis represents a measured value. Some bar graphs present
bars clustered in groups of more than one, showing the values of more than one measured
variable.

2.3 SOFTWARES USED

2.3.1 MICROSOFT EXCEL

Microsoft Excel is a spread sheet developed by Microsoft. It features calculation,

graphing tools, pivot table, and macro programming language called visual basic for
applications. Microsoft Excel has the basic features of all spread sheets, using a grid of cells
arranged in numbered rows and letter-named columns to organize data manipulation like
arithmetic operations. It has a battery of supplied functions to answer statistical, engineering
and financial needs. In addition, it can display data as line graph, histogram and charts, and
with a very limited three-dimensional display. It allows sectioning of data to view its
dependency on various factors for different perspectives. It help us to tabulate the data.

MICROSOFT WORD

Microsoft word is a popular word-processing program used primarily for creating

documents such as letters, brochures, learning activities, tests, quizzes and student homework
assignments. There are many simple but useful features available in Microsoft Word to make

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it easier for study and work. When we deal with the project, Microsoft Word will stand along
with Excel and SPSS. Most of the theory related with the topic is developed on its screen. All
the basic ideals regarding the project including its tools, objectives and much more typed and
are used for future references.

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 CHAPTER 3

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

_____________________________________________
After the collection of data, the next step is the analysis of data carefully. As a first
step of doing this, the collected data entered into excel spread sheet. Graphical representation
of this data and trend of the data can be ploted using this software. We used graphical
analysis in this study.

we study total income of Thusharagiri waterfalls during the year 2015 to 2020. The
income in each year is given below.

3.1 GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF INCOME OF THUSHARAGIRI

WATERFALLS IN THE YEAR 2015-2020

Table 1.1 Total Income in 2015 to2020

Year Income (Rs)

2015 3753755

2016 5811790

2017 5535940

2018 4240878

2019 6325815

2020 1866655

Source: Official records of Thusharagiri waterfalls

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 Income in the year 2015-2020
1000000
900000
800000
700000
600000
500000
400000
300000
200000
100000
0
July

July

July

July

July

July
January

January

January

January

January

January
October

October

October

October

October

October
April

April

April

April

April

April
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Figure:1.1

Income in 2015-2020
7000000 6325815
5811790
6000000 5535940

5000000
4240878
3753755
4000000

3000000
1866655
2000000

1000000

0
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Figure:1.2

Inference

➢ The figure 1.1 and 1.2 show the income in 2015 to 2020.
➢ There is a decrease in the trend line.
➢ The highest income in these years at 2019, which is Rs.6325815.
➢ The lowest income in these years at 2020, which is Rs.1866655.
➢ The total income during these period is Rs.27534833.

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Table 1.2 Total Income in The Year 2015

Month Income (Rs)

January 432585
February 335475
March 284055
April 296860
May 496460
June 231340
July 273280
August 552655
September 522885
October 482030
November 403085
December 495160
Total 3753755

Source: Official records of Thusharagiri waterfalls

Income in the year 2015

600000

500000

400000

300000

200000

100000

0
July
January

February

June

October
March

May

August

November

December
April

September

2015

Figure:1.3

15
 Income in the year 2015
600000 552655
522885
496460 482030 495160
500000 432585
403085
400000 335475
284055296860 273280
300000 231340

200000

100000

Figure:1.4

Inference

➢ The above figure 1.3 and 1.4 show the income of each month of the year 2015.
➢ The total income of the year is Rs.3753755.
➢ The dotted line in above graph represents the trend of the data given in table 1.2. From
figure the overall income of Thusharagiri waterfalls in 2015 was Rs.3753755.
➢ Income shows its peek in the month August Rs.552655.
14.72% of the total income.
➢ The lowest income is Rs.231340 which is in June.
6.16% of the total income.

16
Table 1.3 Total Income in The Year 2016

Month Income (Rs)

January 458680
February 362465
March 321185
April 379350
May 436230
June 259445
July 617770
August 467195
September 908985
October 730050
November 387560
December 482875
Total 5811790

Source: Official records of Thusharagiri waterfalls

Income in the year 2016

1000000
900000
800000
700000
600000
500000
400000
300000
200000
100000
0
July
January

June
February

March

May

August

October

November
April

December
September

2016

Figure:1.5

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 Income in the year 2016
1000000 908985
900000
800000 730050
700000 617770
600000 482875
458680 436230 467195
500000 379350 387560
362465
400000 321185
259445
300000
200000
100000
0

Figure:1.6

Inference

➢ The above figures 1.5 and 1.6 show the income of each month of the year 2016.
➢ The total income of the year is Rs.5811790.
➢ There is an increase in income compare to 2015, which is Rs.2058035.
➢ Income shows its peak in the month September. Rs.908985.
15.64% of the total income.
➢ The lowest income is Rs.259445 which is in June.4.4% of the total income.

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Table 1.4 Total Income in The Year 2017

Month Income (Rs)

January 435400
February 286740
March 247610
April 411675
May 493025
June 348185
July 424840
August 370640
September 950390
October 560320
November 478815
December 618300
Total 5535940

Source: Official records of Thusharagiri waterfalls

Income in the year 2017

1000000
900000
800000
700000
600000
500000
400000
300000
200000
100000
0
July
January

February

June
March

October
May

August

November
April

December
September

2017

Figure:1.7

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 Income in the year 2017
950390
1000000
900000
800000
700000 618300
560320
600000 493025 478815
500000 435400 411675 424840
348185 370640
400000 286740
247610
300000
200000
100000
0

Figure:1.8

➢ The above figure:1.7 and 1.8 show the income of each month of the year 2017.
➢ The total income of the year is Rs.5535940.
➢ But there is a decrease in income compare to 2016, which is Rs.275850.
➢ There is an increase in income compare to 2015, which is Rs.1782185.
➢ The income shows its peak in September Rs.950390.
17.17% of the total income.
➢ The lowest income is in March, which is Rs247610.
4.47% of the total income.

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Table 1.5.Total Income in The Year 2018

Month Income (Rs)

January 478320
February 356175
March 309055
April 523085
May 558570
June 134320
July 212585
August 150915
September 285925
October 300680
November 386350
December 544898
Total 4240878
Source: Official records of Thusharagiri waterfalls

Income in the year 2018

600000

500000

400000

300000

200000

100000

0
July
January

February

June
March

May

August

October

November
April

December
September

2018

Figure1.9

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 Income in the year 2018
600000 558570 544898
523085
478320
500000
386350
400000 356175
309055
285925300680
300000
212585
200000 134320 150915

100000

Figure1.10

➢ The above figure 1.9 and 1.10 show the income of each month of the year 2018.
➢ The total income of the year is Rs.4240878.
➢ There is an increase in income compare to 2015, which is Rs.487123.
➢ But there is an decrease in income compare to 2016 and 2017, which is Rs.1570912
and Rs.1295062 respectively.
➢ The income shows its peak in May, Rs.558570.
13.17% of the total income.
➢ The lowest income in June, Rs.134320.
3.16% of the total income.

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Table 1.6. Total Income in The Year 2019

Month Income (Rs)

January 425510
February 342415
March 296185
April 400250
May 492895
June 672085
July 561125
August 185355
September 491785
October 620945
November 474805
December 804335
Total 625815
Source: Official records of Thusharagiri waterfalls

Income in the year 2019

900000
800000
700000
600000
500000
400000
300000
200000
100000
0
July
January

February

May

June

August

October

November
March

April

December
September

2019

Figure 1.11

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 Income in the year 2019
900000 804335
800000
672085
700000 620945
561125
600000 492895 491785 474805
500000 425510 400250
400000 342415
296185
300000
185355
200000
100000
0

Figure 1.12

➢ The above figure 1.11 and 1.12 show the income of the year 2019.
➢ The total income of the year is Rs.6325815.
➢ There is an increase in income as compare to 2015, 2016, 2017,2018, which is
Rs.2572060, Rs.514025, Rs.789875, Rs.2084937 respectively.
➢ The highest income in December, Rs.80433.
12.73% of the total income.
➢ The lowest income is in August, Rs.185355.
2093% of the total income.

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Table1.7. Total Income in The Year 2020

Month Income (Rs)

January 667435
February 446435
March 124970
April 0
May 0
June 0
July 0
August 0
September 0
October 0
November 241240
December 788375
Total 1866655
Source: Official records of Thusharagiri waterfalls

Income in the year 2020

900000
800000
700000
600000
500000
400000
300000
200000
100000
0
July
January

June
February

March

May

August

October

November

December
April

September

2020

Figure1.13

25
 Income in the year 2020
900000 788375
800000
667435
700000
600000
500000 446435

400000
300000 241240
200000 124970
100000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

Figure1.14

➢ The above figure 1.13 and 1.14 show the income of the year 2020.
➢ The trend line shows a decrease.
➢ The total income of the year is Rs.1866655
➢ There is no income in April to October due to COVID-19.
➢ There is an decrease in income as compare to 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019, which is
Rs.1887100, Rs.3945135, Rs.3669285, Rs2374223, Rs.4459160 respectively.
➢ The highest income is in December, Rs.788375
42.23% of the total income.

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 CONCLUSIONS

We studied Impact of covid-19 on the economy of Thusharagiri waterfalls. Our major findings
are the following

➢ In this study we studied about the income of Thusharagiri water falls and identify that
how COVID-19 affect the income and we can find that it deeply affects the income of
Thusharagiri waterfalls, other than COVID-19 the flood also affect the income of
Thusharagiri waterfalls.

➢ There is a decrease in the trend line during the period 2015 -2020
The highest income in this period at 2019, which is Rs.6325815 and lowest income at
2020, which is Rs.1866655.
The total income during the period is Rs.27534833.

➢ There is a decrease in income at 2020 as compare to 2015,2016,2017,2018 and 2019,

which is Rs.1887100, Rs.3945135, Rs.3669285, Rs.2374223, and Rs.4459160
respectively.

➢ Basis of this study we can understand the character of the income in the year duration
2015 to 2020. There is a decreasing tendency in the trend line. This is due to irregular
variations such as diseases, flood etc.

➢ On these bar diagrams we can see that there is a huge decrease in income in 2020
compare to other year due to Covid-19. There is also slightly difference in income in
each year but the COVID-19 affect hugely in income.

➢ There is also decrease in 2018 because of the flood. But there is a come back in the
income in 2019. The rainy season June got low income. Kayaking competition
conducted in the end of rainy season is the one of their major income sources in that
time.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

➢ S C GUPTHA AND V K KAPOOR, Fundamental of Mathematical Statistics, Sulthan

Chand & Sons-2000

➢ Annual Report Published by Thusharagiri Water falls

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